LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) Type: aerobic [X]; anaerobic [ ] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [ ]; None Stated Concentration: 15 mg/L related to COD [ ]; DOC [ ]; test substance [X] HPLC Medium: water [X]; water-sediment [ ]; soil [ ]; sewage treatment [ ] Degradation: 95% after 6 days Results: readily biodeg. [ ]; inherently biodeg. [ ]; under test condition no biodegradation observed [ ], other [X] Method: LAS and water collected from a briny pond (salinity: 9.5 g/L) were tested in an aerated cylindrical reactor at 21 o C. Samples were removed periodically and analyzed for parent compound and metabolites by HPLC. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test substance: LAS (CAS #25155-30-0); activity: >99%; average alkyl chain length = C11.6 Remarks: The half-life of LAS was 1.5 days. The HPLC method employed accurately defines the metabolites formed by primary biodegradation. All metabolites were not persistent and rapidly underwent further biodegradation. Reference: Sarrazin, L., Arnoux, A., Rebouillon, P. and Monod, J.L. 1997. Biodegradation of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (LAS) in briny water and identification of metabolites using HPLC analysis by direct injection of samples. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry. 58:209-216. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (n) Type: aerobic [X]; anaerobic [ ] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [X]; activated sludge Concentration: 1 mg/L related to COD [ ]; DOC [ ]; test substance [X] Medium: Activated sludge Degradation: >96% after 6 hours Results: Primary and complete biodegradation were described by a first-order model, with rate constants of 0.96-1.10/h (t½ = 0.63–0.72 h) for primary loss and 0.50-0.53/h (t½ = 1.30–1.38 h) for complete degradation. Method: Radiolabeled LAS was dosed at an environmentally relevant concentration into biotic and abiotic activated sludge. Activated sludge mixed liquor was used from two STP (Polk Run and Sycamore) near Cincinnati. Standard methods were used and the test flasks (reactors) were maintained at 20 + /-2 o C. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test Substance: 14 C [uniform ring] C12 LAS Reference: Federle, T.W. and Itrich, N.R. 1997. Comprehensive approach for assessing the kinetics of primary and ultimate biodegradation of chemicals in activated sludge: Application to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Environ. Sci. Technol. 31:1178-1184. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (o) Type: aerobic [ ]; anaerobic [X] Methods: Experiments were conducted in which enriched cultures of anaerobic bacteria were provided with 60 µmole/L LAS as the sole source of sulfur. Conditions were maintained anoxic in salts-medium containing several sources of carbon. Results: Strain RZ LAS, an anaerobic bacteria, was isolated from wastewater treatment plants in Germany. RZLAS was shown to degrade LAS, indicating that microorganisms able to metabolize LAS in anaerobic conditions exist in nature. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test Substance: Commercial C10-13 LAS (CAS #68411-30-3; average alkyl chain length = C11.6) and C12 LAS (pure homologue) UNEP PUBLICATIONS 162
OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) Reference: Denger, K. and Cook, A.M. 1999. Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) bioavailable to anaerobic bacteria as a source of sulphur. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 86:165-168. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions (p) Type: aerobic [ ]; anaerobic [X] Inoculum: adapted [ ]; non-adapted [X]; granular sludge Concentration: 9 concentrations ranging from 12.5 to 350 mg/bottle Medium: Liquid Degradation: 5-44% after 14 days Method: Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) type reactors with a working volume of 315 mL in serum type glass bottles were used to measure degradation. The bottles were incubated at 30 + /-2 o C for 14 days. The sludge concentration was 1.5 g/L. Methane production was measured daily using both the Head Space method and the Displacement method. LAS was specifically determined using HPLC. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test Substance: LAS, sodium salt derived from commercial LAB with the homologue distribution:
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