LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) cake. Standard acute toxicity tests were also conducted in the laboratory. Statistical analysis was done using F and t tests and the significance of any change was measured at a 5% level of probability. GLP: Yes [ ]; No [X]; ? [ ] Test Substance: LAS (Parnol J Liquid), 20% activity; clear yellow liquid; pH in solution was 8 ± 1 Remarks: The feeding rates decreased significantly at 0.25, 0.38 and 1.10 mg/L. Fish showed erratic behaviour, irregular opercular movement, and at higher concentrations, blood exuded from the base of the pectoral and pelvic fins and head. No apparent difference in condition factor (K) was observed at any concentration. The maturity index (MI) of both male and female fish appeared to decrease at all concentrations, but the biological significance of this is questionable because historic control values for this parameter were not provided and the magnitude of the response did not increase with dose. Fecundity decreased at 0.51 mg/L but not at 1.10 mg/L. The gastrosomatic index (GSI) was significantly different at 0.51 and 1.10 mg/L. Based on the most reliable endpoints (GSI and fecundity), the NOEC would be 0.38 mg/L and the LOEC would be 0.51 mg/L. However, the study is incompletely documented, so details of the test substance composition and testing procedure are uncertain. True replicates were not used so statistics can not be validly conducted, though they are reported by the authors. In view of these limitations, and previous evaluations of the study which have reported a NOEC of 0.25 mg/L (van de Plassche et al., 1999), a conservative (protective) NOEC for this study is 0.25 mg/L. This is a critical study for this SIDS endpoint. Reference: Chattopahyay, D.N. and Konar, S.K. 1985. Acute and chronic effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate on fish, plankton, and worm. Environment & Ecology, 3:258-262. Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions. (f) Type of test: Various types and durations of tests. Results: The article compiles the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) values for many tests conducted on an assortment of species. The following table shows the geometric mean NOEC values for each fish species (n = number of studies included for each species). Species Geometric mean NOEC (mg/L) N Brachydanio rerio 2.3 1 Pimephales promelas 0.87 14 Poecilia reticulate 3.2 1 Oncorhynchus mykiss 0.34 7 Tilapia mossambica 0.25 1 Remarks: All data were from tests conducted on commercial LAS with C10-13 alkyl chains and average carbon lengths close to C11.6 and C11.8. The NOEC values have been normalized using QSARs to the average structure of C11.6 LAS. Reference: van de Plassche, E.J., DeBruijn, J.H.M., Stephenson, R.R., Marshall, S.J., Feijtel, T.C.J., and Belanger, S.E. 1999. Predicted no-effect concentrations and risk characterization of four surfactants: Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylated sulfates, and soap. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 18: 2653-2663. Reliability: 4 Not assignable This study was given a reliability score of 4 because the original reports reviewed by the authors were not directly reviewed in the compilation of this robust summary. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 204
OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) (g) (Rainbow trout) Type of test: static [ ]; semi-static [ ]; flow-through [X]; other [ ]; open-system [X]; closed-system [ ] Species: Salmo gairdneri (Oncorhyncus mykiss, fish, estuary, fresh water) Endpoint: Length of fish [ ]; Weight of fish [ ]; Reproduction rate [ ]; Other [X] Growth Exposure period: 28 day Results: NOEC = 0.43-0.89 mg/L Analytical monitoring: Yes [ ] No [X] ? [ ] Method: Crossland, N O. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test substance: C10-13 LAS (CAS #68411-30-3) Remarks: Information as cited in IUCLID Data Sheet for CAS #68411-30-3. Mean NOEC: 0.62 mg/1 (2 tests). Huels AG judged study quality to be good. Tap water with hardness 84-153 mg/L CaCO3; pH 7.1-8.7; flow-through; 14- 16ºC; age of fish at start of study: 6 months. Reference: European Commission. 2000k. Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts. Year 2000 CD-ROM edition, citing Procter & Gamble, 1991, CT/R153/01, CT/R153/06. Reliability: 4 Not assignable. The original studies were not available for review. (h) Type of test: static [ ]; semi-static [ ]; flow-through [X]; other [ ]; open-system [X]; closed-system [ ] Species: Salmo gairdneri (Fish, estuary, fresh water) Endpoint: Length of fish [ ]; Weight of fish [ ]; Reproduction rate [ ]; Other [X] Growth, Hatching, Survival Exposure period: 70 day Results: NOEC = 0.23 mg/L Analytical monitoring: Yes [X] No [ ] ? [ ] Method: Unilever Research Protocol, Early Life Stage (ELS) test. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test substance: C10-13 LAS (CAS #68411-30-3) Remarks: Information as cited in IUCLID Data Sheet for CAS #68411-30-3. Huels AG judged study quality to be good. Tap water with hardness 70-133 mg/L CaCO3; pH 7.3-7.8; flow-through; 8.5- 11.5ºC; life-stage: ELS. Reference: European Commission. 2000j. Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts. Year 2000 CD-ROM edition, citing Procter & Gamble, 1991, CT/R118/03. Reliability: 4 Not assignable. The original study was not available for review. (i) Type of test: static [ ]; semi-static [ ]; flow-through [X]; other [ ]; open-system [X]; closed-system [ ] Species: Salmo gairdneri (Fish, estuary, fresh water) Endpoint: Length of fish [ ]; Weight of fish [ ]; Reproduction rate [ ]; Other [X] Growth, Hatching, Survival Exposure period: 70 day. Results: NOEC = 0.3-0.35 mg/L Analytical monitoring: Yes [ ] No [X] ? [ ] Method: Unilever Research Protocol. GLP: Yes [ ] No [ ] ? [X] Test substance: C10-13 LAS (CAS #68411-30-3) Remarks: Information as cited in IUCLID Data Sheet for CAS #68411-30-3. Mean NOEC: 0.32 mg/1 (2 tests). Huels AG judged study quality to be good. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 205
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LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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