LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) 509. Tolls, J., Haller, M., DeGraaf, I., Thijssen, M.A.T.C. and Sijm, D.T.H.M. 1997. Bioconcentration of LAS: experimental determination and extrapolation to environmental mixtures. Environ. Sci. Technol. 31:3426-3431. 510. Tolls, J., Kloepper-Sams, P. and Sijm, D.T.H.M. 1994. Surfactant bioconcentration: a critical review. Chemosphere. 29:693-717. 511. Toshima, Y., Moriya, T. and Yoshimura, K. 1992. Effects of polyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate on the acute toxicity of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate (C 12 LAS) to fish. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 24:26-36. 512. Traina, S.J., McAvoy, D.C. and Versteeg, D.J. 1996. Association of LAS with dissolved humic substances and its effect on bioavailability. Env. Sci. Technol. 30:1300-1309. 513. Trehy, M.L., Gledhill, W.E., Mieure, J.P., Adamove, J.E., Nielsen, A.M., Perkins, H.O. and Eckhoff, W.S. 1996. Environmental monitoring for linear alkylbenzene sulfonates, dialkyltetralin sulfonates and their biodegradation intermediates. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 15:233-240. 514. Tsai, C. and McKee, J.A. 1978. The toxicity to goldfish of mixtures of chloramines, LAS and copper. Technical Report No. 44, Water Resources Research Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD. NTIS PB-280-554. 515. Ukeles, R. 1965. Inhibition of unicellular algae by synthetic surface-active agents. J. Phycol. 1:102-110. 516. United Nations Environmental Programme and the World Health Organization. 1996. Assessment of the state of pollution of the Mediterranean Sea by anionic detergents. MAP Technical Report Series No. 110. UNEP, Athens. 517. Urano, K. and Saito, M. 1985. Biodegradability of surfactants and inhibition of surfactants to biodegradation of other pollutants. Chemosphere. 14:1333-1342. 518. Urano, K., Saito, M. and Murata, C. 1984. Adsorption of surfactants on sediments. Chemosphere. 13:293-300. 519. USEPA. 2000. EPI Suite v3.10. 520. Utsunomiya, A., Watanuki, T., Matsushita, K. and Tomita, I. 1997. Toxic effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, quaternary alkylammonium chloride and their complexes on Dunaliella sp. and Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 16:1247-1254. 521. Utsunomiya, A., Watanuki, T., Matsushita, K. and Tomita, I. 1997. Toxic effects of linear alkylbenzenesulfonate and quaternary alkylammonium chloride on Dunaliella sp. as measured by 1H-NMR analysis of glycerol. Chemosphere. 35:1215-1226. 522. Utsunomiya, A., Watanuki, T., Matsushita, K., Nishina, M. and Tomita, I. 1997. Assessment of the toxicity of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and quaternary alkylammonium chloride by measuring 13Cglycerol in Dunaliella sp. Chemosphere. 35:2479-2490. 523. Valtorta, L., Radici, P., Calcinai, D., and Cavalli, L. 2000. Recent developments of LAB/LAS. La Rivista Italiana Delle Sostanze Grasse LXXVII: 73-76. 524. van de Plassche, E. and De Bruijn, J. 1997. Risk assessment of four major surfactant groups in the Netherlands. Tenside Surf. Det. 34:242-249. 525. van de Plassche, E.J., de Bruijn, J.H.M., Stephenson, R.R., Marshall, S.J., Feijtel, T.C.J. and Belanger, S.E. 1999. Predicted no-effect concentrations and risk characterization of four surfactants: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylated sulfates, and soap. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 18:2653-2663. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 354
OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) 526. Van Emden, H.M., Kroon, C.C.M., Schoeman, E.N. and van Seventer, H.A. 1974. The toxicity of some detergents tested on Aedes aegypti L., Lebistes reticulatus Peters, and Biomphalaria glabrata (Say). Environ. Pollut. 6:297-308. 527. Van Scott, E.J. and Lyon, L.B. 1953. A chemical measure of the effect of soaps and detergents on the skin. Journal of Investigative Dermatology. 21:199-203. 528. Verge, C. and Moreno, A. 1996a. Toxicity of anionic surfactants to green microalgae “Scenedesmus subspicatus” and “Selenastrum capricornutum”. Tenside Surf. Det. 33:166-168. 529. Verge, C. and Moreno, A. 1996b. Toxicity of anionic surfactants to the bacterial population of a waste water treatment plant. Tenside Surf. Det. 33:323-327. 530. Versteeg, D.J., Stalmans, M., Dyer, S.D. and Janssen, C. 1997. Ceriodaphnia and daphnia: a comparison of their sensitivity to xenobiotics and utility as a test species. Chemosphere. 34:869- 892. 531. Versteeg, D.J., Stanton, D.T., Pence, M.A. and Cowan, C. 1997. Effects of surfactants on the rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus, in a chronic toxicity test and in the development of QSARs. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 16: 1051-1058. 532. Vives-Rego, J., Lopez-Amoros, R., Guindulain, T., Garcia, M.T., Comas, J., and Sanchez-Leal, J. 2000. Microbial aspects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate degradation in coastal water. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents. 3:303-308. 533. Vives-Rego, J., Martinez, J. and Calleja, A. 1991. Aquatic toxicity of LAS. Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 28:31-34. 534. Vives-Rego, J., Vaque, M.D., Sanchez Leal, J. and Parra, J. 1987. Surfactants biodegradation in sea water. Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 24:20-22. 535. Vogel, W.J.B. 1994. Trends in surfactant raw materials: petrochemicals. Pages 123-126 IN Cahn, A. (ed). Proceedings of the 3rd world conference on detergents: Global perspectives. AOCS Press, Champaign, Illinois. 536. Wagner, S. and Schink, B. 1987. Anaerobic degradation of nonionic and anionic surfactants in enrichment cultures and fixed-bed reactors. Wat. Res. 21:615-622. 537. Wakabayashi, M., Kikuchi, M., Kojima, H. and Yoshida, T. 1978. Bioaccumulation profile of sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate and sodium alkyl sulfate in carp. Chemosphere. 11:917-924. 538. Ward, T.E. and Larson, R.J. 1989. Biodegradation kinetics of LAS in sludge-amended agricultural soils. Ecotox. and Environ. Safety. 17:119-130. 539. Watari, N., Torizawa, K., Kanai, M. and Suzuki, Y. 1977. Ultrastructural observations of the protective effect of glycyrrhizin for mouse liver injury caused by oral administration of detergent ingredient (LAS) J. Clin. Electron. Microscopy 10:121-139 (in Japanese) cited in IPCS. 1996. Environmental Health Criteria 169: Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates and Related Compounds. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland. 540. Waters, J. and Feijtel, T.C.J. 1995. AIS/CESIO environmental surfactant monitoring programme: outcome of five national pilot studies on linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS). Chemosphere 30:1939-1956. 541. Waters, J. and J.T. Garrigan. 1983. An improved microdesulphonation/gas liquid chromatography procedure for the determination of linear alkylbenzene sulphonates in U.K. rivers. Water Res. 17:1549-1562. 542. Waters, J., Holt, M.S., and Matthijs, E. 1989. Fate of LAS in sludge amended soils. Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 26(2):129-135. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 355
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LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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