LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS)
ear tag and allocated to one control group and four treatment groups. LAS
was prepared daily and administered by intragastric intubation by a series of
graded solutions in distilled water so that all animals were dosed at the
standard volume of 4 mL/kg. Control animals were dosed at the same rate
with distilled water as the vehicle. The parent animals were observed daily
for signs of toxicity and weighed on days 1, 6, 10, 14, 21, and 28. On day 29,
the animals were killed by cervical dislocation and immediately examined to
determine the numbers and uterine disposition of young and resorption sites.
The number of corpora lutea were also counted. Any rabbit containing
abnormal fetus and/or resorption sites was thoroughly examined for signs of
natural disease. Viable young were weighed, sexed and examined internally
and externally for abnormalities. All young were preserved in alcohol for
subsequent clearing, staining and skeletal examination. Resorption sites were
classified as early or late. Abnormalities were classified as major or variant.
GLP: Yes [ ] No [X] ? [ ]
Test substance: LAS (Na salt), as a slurry containing 64% active ingredient (Lion Oil and Fat
Co., Ltd.); average alkyl chain length (based on LAS SIDS Consortium
Survey, 2002) = C11.7-12.3.
Remarks: The maternal NOAEL of 2 mg/kg bw d is considered very conservative
because the range (2-300 mg/kg bw d) was too wide.
Reference: Palmer, A.K. and Neuff, A.M. 1971. Effect of LAS detergent on pregnancy
of the New Zealand white rabbit. Report No. 4387/71/543.
Reliability: 2 Valid with restrictions
(h)
Species/strain: Mouse/ICR
Sex: Female [X]; Male [ ]; Male/Female [ ]; No data [ ]
Administration: gavage
Duration of the test: See method.
Exposure period: See method.
Frequency of treatment:daily
Doses: 0.4, 4.0% (40, 400 mg/kg bw d)
Control group: Yes [X]; No [ ]; No data [ ];
Concurrent no treatment [X]; Concurrent vehicle [ ]; Historical [ ]
NOAEL Maternal
Toxicity: 40 mg/kg bw d
NOAEL teratogenicity 400 mg/kg bw d
Results: In mice given 400 mg/kg from day 0 to 6, the pregnancy rate was 46.2%
compared to 92.9% in the controls. There was no increase in malformations.
Although no information on maternal toxicity is available, it appears likely
that maternal toxicity was present at the high dose group.
Method: LAS was administered from day 0 to day 6 of pregnancy or from day 7 to 13
of pregnancy. Thirteen to fourteen mice were used in each dose group.
GLP: Yes [ ] No [X] ? [ ]
Test substance: Japan LAS; average alkyl chain length (based on LAS SIDS Consortium
Survey, 2002) = C11.7-12.3; activity: 99.5%
Remarks: Information as cited in the IUCLID Data Sheet and the IPCS document.
Reference: 1) European Commission. 2000a. Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs.,
sodium salts. Year 2000 CD-ROM edition.
2) Takahashi, M., Sato, K., Ando, H., Kubo, Y. and Hiraga, K. 1975.
Teratogenicity of some synthetic detergents and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate
(LAS). Ann. Rep. Tokyo Metrop. Res. Lab. Public Health 26: 67-78 (in
Japanese); cited in: IPCS (1996); Environmental Health Criteria 169: Linear
Alkylbenzene Sulfonates (LAS) and Related Compounds. WHO, Geneva,
Switzerland.
UNEP PUBLICATIONS 295