LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) 17. Arthur D. Little, Inc. 1991. Environmental and human safety of major surfactants. Volume I. Anionic surfactants. Part 1. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates. Final report to the Soap and Detergent Association. February. 18. Arthur, J.W. 1970. Chronic effects of linear alkylate sulfonate detergent on Gammarus pseudolimnaeus, Campeloma decisum and Physa integra. Water Res. 4:251-257. 19. Barera, Y. and Adams, W.J. 1983. Resolving some practical questions about Daphnia acute toxicity test. Pages 509-518 In: Aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment: sixth symposium. ASTM STP 802. 20. Belanger, S.E. 1994. Review of experimental microcosm, mesocosm, and field tests used to evaluate the potential hazard of surfactants to aquatic life and the relation to single species data. Pages 287-314 In: Hill, I.R., Heimbach, F., Leeuwangh, P., and Matthiessen, P. (eds). Freshwater field tests for hazard assessment of chemicals. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, FL. 21. Belanger, S.E., Bowling, J.W., Lee, D.M., LeBlanc, E.M., Kerr, K.M., McAvoy, D.C., Christman, S.C. and Davidson, D.H. 2002. Integration of aquatic fate and ecological responses to linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) in model stream ecosystems. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. In Press. 22. Berna, J.L., de Ferrer, J., Moreno, A., Prats, D. and Ruiz Bevia, F. 1989. The fate of LAS in the environment. Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 26(2):101-107. 23. Berna, J.L., Moreno, A. and de Ferrer, J. 1991. The behaviour of LAS in the environment. J. Chem. Tech. Biotechnol. 50:387-398. 24. Berna, J.L., Moreno, A. and de Ferrer, J. 1993. An assessment of the ultimate biodegradation of LAS. Tenside Surf. Det. 30:217-222. 25. Berna, J.L., Moreno, A., Banerji, A., Fritsch, T.R. and Vora, B.V. 1994. Growth and developments in linear alkylbenzene technologies: thirty years of innovation and more to come. Pages 127-134 In: Cahn, A. (ed.). Proceedings of the 3rd world conference on detergents: Global perspectives. AOCS Press, Champaign, Illinois. 26. Bester, K., Theobald, N., and Schroeder, H.Fr. 2001. Nonylphenols, nonylphenol-ethoxylates, linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS) and bis (4-schlorophenyl)–sulfone in the German Bight of the North Sea. Chemosphere. 45:817-826. 27. Biolab SGS. 1983d. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T116/2. 28. Biolab SGS. 1984. Acute eye irritation. Report No. T3R/27. 29. Biolab SGS. 1989. Acute eye irritation. Report No. 00428/13. 30. Biolab SGS. 1989a. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T00428/4. 31. Biolab SGS. 1989b. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T343. 32. Biolab SGS. 1989c. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T00430/2. 33. Birch, R.R., Gledhill, W.E., Larson, R.J. and Nielsen, A.M. 1992. Role of anaerobic biodegradability in the environmental acceptability of detergent materials. Pages 26-33 IN Surfactants: a world market. CESIO International Surfactants Congress and Exhibition, 1992. Brussels. 34. Bishop, W.E. and Maki, A.W. 1980. A critical comparison of two bioconcentration test methods. Pages 61-77 In: Aquatic toxicology. ASTM STP 707. 35. Bishop, W.E. and Perry, R.L. 1981. Development and evaluation of a flow-through growth inhibition test with duckweed (Lemna minor). Pages 421-435 IN Aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment: fourth conference. ASTM STP 737. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 326
OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) 36. BKH. 1993. The use of existing toxicity data for estimation of the Maximum Tolerable Environmental Concentration of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate, Part I: Main report; Part II: Data base. Study carried out for ECOSOL, BKH Consulting Engineers, Delft, NL. 37. Blok, J. and Balk, F. 1993. Attempts to bridge the gap between laboratory toxicity tests and ecosystems: a case study with LAS. The Science of the Total Environment. Supplement:1527- 1538. 38. Bock, K.J. and Wickbold, R. 1966. Auswirkungen der Umstellung auf leicht abbaubare Waschrohstoffe in einer großtechnischen Kläranlage und im Vorfluter. Vom Wasser 33:242-253. 39. Bollman, M.A., Baune, W.K., Smith, S., DeWhitt, K., and Kapustka, J. 1989. Report on algal toxicity tests on selected Office of Toxic Substances (OTS) chemicals. EPA/600/3-90/041. 40. Bornmann, G., Loeser, A. and Stanisic, M. 1961. The toxicity of alkylarene sulfonates. Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel. 63:938-940. 41. Borstlap, C. 1967. Intermediate biodegradation products of anionic detergents: their toxicity and foaming properties. Pages 891-901 In: Proceedings: Chemistry, physics, and application of surface active substances, Brussels, September 1964. Volume 3. 42. Bragadin, M., Perin, G., Raccanelli, S. and Manente, S. 1996. The accumulation in lysosomes of the anionic detergent linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 15:1749-1751. 43. Breen, A., Jimenez, L., Sayler, G.S. and Federle, T.W. Plasmid incidence and linear alkylbenzene sulfonate biodegradation in wastewater and pristine pond ecosystems. Journal of Industrial Microbiology. 9:37-44. 44. Bressan, M., Brunetti, R., Casellato, S., Fava, G.C., Giro, P., Marin, M., Negrisolo, P., Tallandini, L., Thomann, S., Tosoni, L. and Turchetto, M. 1989. Effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on benthic organisms. Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 26:148-158. 45. Bressan, M., Marin, M.G., and Brunetti, R. 1991. Effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on skeletal development of sea urchin embryos (Paracentrotus lividus LMK). Water Res. 25:613-616. 46. Brown, V.M., Abram, F.S.H. and Collins, L.J. 1978. The acute lethal toxicity to rainbow trout of an LAS surfactant and of its residues and degradation products. Tenside Detergents. 15:57-59. 47. Brunner, P.H., Capri, S., Marcomini, A., and Giger, W. 1988. Occurrence and behaviour of linear alkylbenzenesulphonates, nonylphenol, nonylphenol mono- and nonylphenol diethoxylates in sewage and sewage sludge treatment. Wat. Res. 22:1465-1472. 48. Buehler, E.V., Newmann, E.A. and King, W.R. 1971. Two-year feeding and reproduction study in rats with linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 18:83-91. 49. Calabrese, A. and Davis H.C. 1967. Effects of Asoft@ detergents on embryos and larvae of the American oyster (Crassostrea virginica). Proceedings of the National Shellfisheries Association. 57:11-16. 50. Cano, M.L., Dyer, S.D. and DeCarvalhos, A.J. 1996. Effect of sediment organic carbon on the toxicity of a surfactant to Hyalella azteca. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 15:1411- 1417. 51. Canton, J.H. and Slooff, W. 1982. Substitutes for phosphate containing washing products: their toxicity and biodegradability in the aquatic environment. Chemosphere. 11:891-907. 52. Carlsen, L., Metzon, M.B. and Kjelsmark, J. 2002. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) in the terrestrial environment. The Science of the Total Environment. 290:225-230. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 327
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LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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