LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) - UNEP Chemicals

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OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) REFERENCES Abdel-Shafy, H.I., Azzam, A.M. and El-Gamal, I.M. 1988. Studies on the degradation of synthetic detergents by sewage. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 4:310-316. Angelidaki, I., Haagensen, F. and Ahring, B.K. 2000a. Anaerobic transformation of LAS in continuous stirred tank reactors treating sewage sludge. 5 th World CESIO Congress. V.2:1551-1557, Firenze, Italy. Angelidaki, I., Mogenen, A.S. and Ahring, B.K. 2000b. Degradation of organic contaminants found in organic waste. Biodegradation. 11:377-383. Arthur, J.W. 1970. Chronic effects of linear alkylate sulfonate detergent on Gammarus pseudolimnaeus, Campeloma decisum and Physa integra. Water Res. 4:251-257. Belanger, S.E., Bowling, J.W., Lee, D.M., LeBlanc, E.M., Kerr, K.M., McAvoy, D.C., Christman, S.C. and Davidson, D.H. 2002. Integration of aquatic fate and ecological responses to linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) in model stream ecosystems. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. In Press. Berna, J.L., de Ferrer, J., Moreno, A., Prats, D. and Ruiz Bevia, F. 1989. The fate of LAS in the environment. Tenside Surfactants Detergents. 26(2):101-107. Bester, K., Theobald, N., and Schroeder, H.Fr. 2001. Nonylphenols, nonylphenol-ethoxylates, linear alkylbenzenesulfonates (LAS) and bis (4-schlorophenyl)–sulfone in the German Bight of the North Sea. Chemosphere. 45:817-826. Biolab SGS. 1989a. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T00428/4. Biolab SGS. 1989b. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T343. Biolab SGS. 1989c. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T00430/2. Biolab SGS. 1989d. Acute eye irritation. Report No. 00428/13. Biolab SGS. 1984. Acute eye irritation. Report No. T3R/27. Biolab SGS. 1983. Primary skin irritation. Report No. T116/2. Bishop, W.E. and Perry, R.L. 1981. Development and evaluation of a flow-through growth inhibition test with duckweed (Lemna minor). Pages 421-435 IN Aquatic toxicology and hazard assessment: fourth conference. ASTM STP 737. BKH. 1993. The use of existing toxicity data for estimation of the Maximum Tolerable Environmental Concentration of Linear Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate, Part I: Main report; Part II: Data base. Study carried out for ECOSOL, BKH Consulting Engineers, Delft, NL. Blok, J. and Balk, F. 1993. Attempts to bridge the gap between laboratory toxicity tests and ecosystems: a case study with LAS. The Science of the Total Environment. Supplement:1527-1538. Bock, K.J. and Wickbold, R. 1966. Auswirkungen der Umstellung auf leicht abbaubare Waschrohstoffe in einer großtechnischen Kläranlage und im Vorfluter. Vom Wasser 33:242-253. Brandt, K.K., Krogh, P.H., and Sorensen, J. 2003. Activity and population dynamics of heterotrophic and ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms in soil surrounding sludge bands spiked with linear alkylbenzene sulfonate: a field study. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 22:821-829. Bressan, M., Brunetti, R., Casellato, S., Fava, G.C., Giro, P., Marin, M., Negrisolo, P., Tallandini, L., Thomann, S., Tosoni, L., Turchetto, M. and Campesan, G.C. 1989. Effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on benthic organisms. Tenside Surf. Det. 26:148-158. Buehler, E.V., Newmann, E.A., and King, W.R. 1971. Two-year feeding and reproduction study in rats with linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS). Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. 18:83-91. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 310
OECD SIDS LINEAR ALKYLBENZENE SULFONATE (LAS) Canton, J.H. and Slooff, W. 1982. Substitutes for phosphate containing washing products: Their toxicity and biodegradability in the aquatic environment. Carlsen, L., Metzon, M.B. and Kjelsmack, J. 2002. Linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS) in the terrestrial environment. The Science of the Total Environment. 290:225-230. Cavalli, L., and Valtorta, L. Surfactants in sludge-amended soil. Tenside Surfactants Detergents 36:22-28. Cavalli, L., Cassani, G. and Lazzarin, M. 1996a. Biodegradation of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) and alcohol ethoxylate (AE). Tenside Surf. Det. 33:158-165. Cavalli, L., Cassani, G., Lazzarin, M., Maraschin, C., Nucci, G. and Valtorta, L. 1996b. Iso-branching of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS). Tenside Surf. Det. 33:393-398. Cavalli, L., Gellera, A. and Landone, A. 1993. LAS removal and biodegradation in a wastewater treatment plant. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 12:1777-1788. Cavalli, L., Gellera, A., Lazzarin, A., Nucci, G.C., Romano, P., Ranzani, M. and Lorenzi, E. 1991. Linear alkylbenzene sulphonate removal and biodegradation in a metropolitan plant for water treatment. Riv. Ital. Sostanze Grasse. 68:75-81. Casellato, S., Aiello, R., Negrisolo, P.A. and Seno, M. 1992. Long-term experiment on Branchiura sowerbyi Beddard (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae) using sediment treated with LAS (Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate). Hydrobiologia. 232:169-173. Chattopahyay, D.N. and Konar, S.K. 1985. Acute and chronic effects of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate on fish, plankton, and worm. Environment & Ecology, 3:258-262. CHIMICA OGGI. 1998. LAS - A modern classic surfactant. Article by Udo Schoenkaes in CHIMICA OGGI/Chemistry Today, Sept. 1998. Cohen, L., Vergara, R., Moreno, A. and Berna, J.L. 1995. Influence of 2-phenyl alkane and telralin content on solubility and viscosity of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. JAOCS 72:115-122. Colin A. Houston. 2002. Surfactant Developments. Forecast to 2010. A Multiclient Study. Colin A. Houston & Associates, Inc., August 2002. Comber, S.D.W., Conrad, A.U., Hurst, K., Hoss, S., Webb, S., and Marshall, S. 2004. Chronic toxicity of sediment-associated linear alkylbenzene sulphonates (LAS) to freshwater benthic organisms. Manuscript in preparation. Comotto, R.M. 1982. Proposed standard practice for conducting renewal life cycle toxicity tests with Daphnia magna. Draft 1, August 1982, ASTM committee E-47. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA. Cresswell, D.G., Baldock, G.A., Chasseaud, L.F. and Hawkins, D.R. 1978. Toxicology studies of linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) in rhesus monkeys. II. The disposition of [ 14 C] LAS after oral or subcutaneous administration. Toxicology. 11:5-17. Cross, J. and Dekker, M. (ed.). 1977. Anionic surfactants: Chemical analysis. Vol.8. Pp. 111-115. Daly, I.W., Schroeder, R.E. and Killeen, J.C. 1980. A teratology study of topically applied linear alkylbenzene sulphonate in rats. Fd. Cosmet. Toxicol. 18:55-58. Debane, C. 1978. National Hygiene Laboratory; in: "Report on Studies on Synthetic Detergents", October 1978, Japan's Science and Technology Agency [in Japanese]. de Ferrer, J., Moreno, A., Vaquero, M.T. and Comellas, J. 1997. Monitoring of LAS in direct discharge situations. Tenside Surf. Det. 34:278-283. UNEP PUBLICATIONS 311
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