Nouns and Noun Phrases - University of Macau Library

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Pre-determiners 993 (142) a. Die boeken/Ze zijn gisteren allemaal verkocht. those books/they are yesterday altogether sold b. Hij heeft die boeken/ze gisteren allemaal verkocht. he has those books/them yesterday altogether sold c. Hij heeft die boeken/ze gisteren allemaal zijn fiat gegeven. he has those books/them yesterday altogether his okay given As with the other floating quantifiers, allemaal must follow its associate, unless it is placed in sentence-initial position and its associate is a weak pronoun; the examples in (143) and (144) are all degraded with the noun phrase die mensen/boeken ‘these people/books’. (143) a. Allemaal zijn ze/*die mensen gisteren uitgenodigd. b. Allemaal heeft hij ze/ ? hen/*die mensen gisteren uitgenodigd. c. Allemaal heeft hij ze/ ? hun/*die mensen gisteren een uitnodiging gestuurd. (144) a. Allemaal zijn ze/*die boeken gisteren verkocht. b. Allemaal heeft hij ze/*die boeken gisteren verkocht. c. Allemaal heeft hij ze/*die boeken gisteren zijn fiat gegeven. That we are dealing with floating quantifiers in (143) and (144) is clear from the fact that the quantifier and its associate are not adjacent. Actually there is not much chance to mistake the floating quantifier allemaal as a modifier, since the latter use is not possible for allemaal when the noun phrase contains a determiner; cf. Table 9. This is demonstrated again by the examples in (145): since the noun phrase and the quantifier cannot simultaneously occupy the clause-initial position, we can safely conclude that they do not form a constituent. This shows again that the “quantifier float” terminology should be interpreted strictly metaphorically. (145) a. * die mensen zijn gisteren uitgenodigd. altogether those people are yesterday invited b. * die boeken zijn gisteren verkocht. altogether those books are yesterday sold However, recall from the discussion of the examples in (129) that the data are not so clear for pronouns. Although marked, example (146a) suggests that it is at least marginally possible for allemaal to function as a modifier of a strong pronoun: allemaal and the pronoun can be placed together in clause-initial position (the °constituency test). The examples in (146b&c) show the same point as (146a) given that floating quantifiers normally cannot be scrambled across the adverb gisteren; cf. the discussion of the examples in (111) and (112). (146) a. Zij < ?? allemaal> zijn gisteren uitgenodigd. they all are yesterday prt.-invited b. Hij heeft hen < ?? allemaal> gisteren uitgenodigd. he has them all yesterday prt.-invited c. Hij heeft hun < ?? allemaal> gisteren een uitnodiging gestuurd. he has them all yesterday an invitation sent
994 Syntax of Dutch: nouns and noun phrases Of course, the quantifier allemaal is not able to form a constituent with a weak pronoun. We have seen in our discussion of alle in Section 7.1.2.2.2, sub IID, that this requires the pronoun to be strong. (147) a. Ze zijn gisteren uitgenodigd. they all are yesterday prt.-invited b. Hij heeft ze gisteren uitgenodigd. he has them all yesterday prt.-invited c. Hij heeft ze gisteren een uitnodiging gestuurd. he has them all yesterday an invitation sent As in the case of all other al-quantifiers, the associate of the floating quantifier allemaal can be independently quantified, although some people may object to the primed examples for pragmatic reasons. (148) a. Ik heb die dertig mensen gisteren allemaal ontmoet. I have those thirty people yesterday altogether met b. % Ik heb die vele mensen gisteren allemaal ontmoet. I have those many books yesterday altogether met (149) a. Ik heb die dertig boeken gisteren allemaal afgestoft. I have those thirty books yesterday altogether dusted b. % Ik heb die vele boeken gisteren allemaal afgestoft. I have those many books yesterday altogether dusted In this case, however, this fact cannot be used to argue against the “floating” approach, given that the examples in (150) are unacceptable for independent reasons; cf. the discussion of (145). Note in passing that our judgment on (150b) diverges from the one given in Coppen (1991: 133), who assigns it a mere question mark; our informants, however, rejected the two examples in (150) categorically. (150) a. *allemaal die dertig mensen/boeken altogether those thirty people/books b. *allemaal die vele mensen/boeken altogether those many people/books As is shown in (151), the floating quantifier allemaal seems freer than the other types of al-quantifiers in being able to take the neuter pronoun het ‘it’, the singular demonstratives dit/dat ‘this/that’, and the interrogative pronoun wat ‘what’ as its associate. (151) a. Het/Dit is allemaal/*alle/*allebei/*beide verkocht. it/this has.been altogether/all/all-both/both sold ‘It has all been sold.’ b. Wat heb je allemaal/*alle/*allebei/*beide gelezen? what have you altogether/all/all-both/both read ‘What sort of things did you read?’ Note that, unlike the personal pronouns in (146), these pronouns certainly cannot be combined with the modifier allemaal: *Het allemaal is verkocht; *Wat allemaal
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Comprehensive Grammar Resources Edi
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The publication of this book is mad
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Chapter 5 Determiners: articles and
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Abbreviations used in the glosses o
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574 Syntax of Dutch: nouns and noun
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c. Ik heb de man het boek aangebode
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(12) a. Kan je me de nieuwe klachte
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(125) a. Het schip verging met man
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. Democraten ′66 heeft/ ?? hebben
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(134) Ik ga vanavond naar I go toni
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c. Ik gaf Jan een harde schop onder
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(153) • Exclamative wat een N! a.
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(204) a. Ik heb er [geen/drie [e]]
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(392) a. Kees zag [SC Peter op zich
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Chapter 6 Numerals and quantifiers
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Numerals and quantifiers 871 comple
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(24) a. Er ligt/*liggen nog drie me
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(64) The ordinal numerals 1 st to 1
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Numerals and quantifiers 897 The ex
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c. *Elke/Iedere dodo is uitgestorve
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(104) a. Iedereen ging naar de verg
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Numerals and quantifiers 907 6.2.3.
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Numerals and quantifiers 909 pronou
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c. Hij is een enig kind. he is a cu
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. Er werden wat boeken verkocht. th
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(170) a. Bijna al de boeken zijn ve
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Numerals and quantifiers 931 everyd
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(205) a. Jan heeft eri [één [ pro
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1044 Syntax of Dutch: nouns and nou
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Syntactic uses of noun phrases 1053
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References Aarts, Bas. 1994. The sy
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References 1153 eds. Hans Broekhuis
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References 1155 De Jong, Francisca
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References 1157 Haeseryn, Walter, K
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References 1159 Longobardi, Giusepp
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References 1161 Schultink, H. 1978.
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References 1163 Zwarts, Frans. 1981
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Comprehensive Grammar Resources - t
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