A-manual-for-writers-of-research-papers-theses-and-dissertations

16.3.5 Complex NotesCITATIONS. If you cite several sources to make a single point, avoid cluttering your text withreference numbers by grouping them into a single note. List the citations in the same orderthat the references appear in the text; separate citations with semicolons.Only when we gather the work of several scholars—Walter Sutton's explications of some of Whitman'sshorter poems; Paul Fussell's careful study of structure in “Cradle”; S. K. Coffman's close readings of“Crossing Brooklyn Ferry” and “Passage to India”—do we begin to get a sense of both the extent and thespecificity of Whitman's forms. 1N: 1. Sutton, “The Analysis of Free Verse Form, Illustrated by a Reading of Whit-man,” Journal ofAesthetics and Art Criticism 18 (December 1959): 241–54; Fussell, “Whitman's Curious Warble:Reminiscence and Reconciliation,” in The Presence of Whitman, ed. R. W. B. Lewis, 28–51; Coffman,“‘Crossing Brooklyn Ferry’: Note on the Catalog Technique in Whitman's Poetry,” Modern Philology 51(May 1954): 225–32; Coffman, “Form and Meaning in Whitman's ‘Passage to India,’” PMLA 70 (June 1955):337–49.It is also useful to group citations when you refer readers to a number of additional sources(called a “string cite”):N: 2. For accounts of the coherence-making processes of consciousness from, respectively, psychological,neuropsychological, and philosophical points of view, see Bernard J. Baars, A Cognitive Theory ofConsciousness (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988); Gerald Edelman, Bright Air, Brilliant Fire:On the Matter of the Mind (New York: Basic Books, 1992); and Daniel Dennett, Consciousness Explained(Boston: Little Brown, 1991).CITATIONS AND COMMENTS. If a note includes both a citation and a substantive comment,put the citation first with a period after it, followed by the comment in a separate sentence.To come to Paris was to experience the simultaneous pleasures of the best contemporary art and the mostvibrant art center. 9N: 2. Natt, “Paris Art Schools,” 269. Gilded Age American artists traveled to other European art centers, mostnotably Munich, but Paris surpassed all others in size and importance.When you include a quotation in a note, put the citation after the terminal punctuation of thequotation.Property qualifications dropped out of U.S. practice for petit juries gradually during the nineteenth century,but remained in force for grand juries in some jurisdictions until the mid-twentieth century. 33N: 33. “The grand jury inquires into complaints and accusations brought before it and, based on evidencepresented by the state, issues bills of indictment.” Kermit Hall, The Magic Mirror: Law in American History(New York: Oxford University Press, 1989), 172.Be judicious in your use of substantive comments in notes. If a point is critical to yourargument, include it in the text. If it is peripheral, think carefully about whether it is importantenough to mention in a note.16.4 Short Forms for Noteswww.itpub.net