A-manual-for-writers-of-research-papers-theses-and-dissertations

SPECIAL TYPES OF LOCATORS. Some parts of a book have special types of locators used incitations.Note numbers. Use the abbreviation n (plural, nn) to cite notes. If the note cited is theonly footnote on its page or is an unnumbered footnote, add n after the page number (withno intervening space or punctuation). If there are other notes on the same page as the notecited, list the page number followed by n or (if two or more consecutive notes are cited) nnand the note number(s).P: (Grafton 1997, 72n)(Bolinger 1980, 192n23, 192n30, 199n14, 201nn16–17)Illustration and table numbers. Use the abbreviation fig. for figure, but spell out table,map, plate, and names of other types of illustrations. Give the page number before theillustration number.P: (Sobel 1993, 87, table 5.3)Line numbers. For poetry and other works best identified by line number, avoid theabbreviations l. (line) and ll. (lines); they are too easily confused with the numerals 1 and11. Use line or lines, or use numbers alone where you have made it clear that you arereferring to lines.P: (Nash 1945, lines 1–4)Signature, leaf, and folio numbers. Some books printed before 1800 do not carry pagenumbers but are divided into signatures and then into leaves or folios, each with a frontside (recto, or r) and a back side (verso, or v). Locators for such works should consist ofthe relevant string of numbers and identifiers, run together without spaces or italics: forexample, G6v, 176r, 232r–v, or (if you are citing entire folios) fol. 49.URLS, PERMANENT SOURCE IDENTIFIERS, ACCESS DATES, AND DESCRIPTIVE LOCATORS.For a book published online (see 19.1.10), include the book's URL in a reference list entryonly. Every URL begins with a lowercase abbreviation of the protocol used to deliverelectronic material to readers, most commonly http (hypertext transfer protocol) and ftp (filetransfer protocol). This abbreviation is invariably followed by a colon and a double slash,after which appears the publisher's domain name, followed by the path to the resource.Components following the domain name are separated from the domain name and from eachother by single slashes.http://www.jsri.msu.edu/museum/pubs/MexAmHist/chapter14.html#sixCapitalize the internal components of a URL exactly as they appear on the screen. If theURL has a “trailing slash” at the end, include it. Do not enclose the URL in brackets. It is bestnot to break a URL at the end of a line, but if you need to do so, see 20.4.2 for someguidelines.Some online sources have permanent identifiers other than URLs. If a source uses digitalwww.itpub.net