A-manual-for-writers-of-research-papers-theses-and-dissertations

24.2.1 Personal NamesIn general, do not abbreviate a person's first (Benj. Franklin) or last name. Once you haveused a full name in text, use just the person's last name in subsequent references. However, ifyou are referring to more than one person with that last name, spell out their names fully oneach use to avoid confusion (Alice James, William James). If you refer to these names veryfrequently in your paper, you may instead use abbreviations that you devise (AJ, WJ), but besure to treat these abbreviations as described in 24.1.2.Some individuals are known primarily by initials in place of a first and/ or middle name.Such initials should be followed by a period and a space. If you abbreviate an entire name,however, omit periods and spaces.G. K. ChestertonbutJFKM. F. K. FisherbutFDRSocial titles such as Ms. and Mr. should always be abbreviated and capitalized, followed bya period. In most papers, however, you need not use such titles unless there is a possibility ofconfusion, such as referring to either a husband or wife.Write abbreviations such as Sr., Jr., III (or 3rd), and IV (or 4th) without commas beforethem. Use them only after a full name, not with a surname alone, although royal and religiousfigures may be known only by a first name. Do not spell out the term when it is part of a name(for example, not John Smith Junior).Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.William J. Kaufmann IIIMary II24.2.2 Professional TitlesSome individuals have civil, military, or religious titles such as the following along with theirpersonal names. Many of these titles are conventionally abbreviated rather than spelled out intext when they precede and are treated as part of a personal name. Since they are all shortenedforms of official (proper) titles, only the first letter is capitalized, and they are followed byperiods.Adm. - AdmiralAld. - Alderman, AlderwomanAtty. Gen. - Attorney GeneralCapt. - CaptainCol. - ColonelDist. Atty. - District AttorneyDr. - DoctorFr. - Fatherwww.itpub.net