A-manual-for-writers-of-research-papers-theses-and-dissertations

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the magazine in place of the author.R: Walraff, Barbara. 2005. Word Court, Atlantic Monthly, June, 128.New Yorker. 2000. Talk of the Town. April 10.P: (Walraff 2005, 128)(New Yorker 2000, 15)For online magazines, follow the guidelines for articles in print magazines. In addition,include the URL and the date you accessed the material in your reference list (see 15.4.1).Note that a URL alone is not sufficient; you must provide the full facts of publication, as faras they can be determined, so that a reader can search for the source even if the URL changes.Articles in online magazines might not include page numbers, but you may identify thelocation of a cited passage in a parenthetical citation by adding a descriptive locator (such as apreceding subheading) following the word under.orR: Faris, Stephan. 2005. “Freedom”: No documents found. Salon.com, December 16.http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2005/12/16/censorship/index1 html (accessed December 19, 2005).P: (Faris 2005, under “The Internet has no memory in China”)(Faris 2005)19.4 Newspaper ArticlesIn your reference list, cite articles and other pieces from daily newspapers generally as youwould articles in magazines (see 19.3). For an unsigned article, use the name of thenewspaper in place of the author. Because a newspaper may have several editions withslightly different contents, you may clarify which edition you consulted by adding finaledition, Midwest edition, or some such identifier.R: Kamin, Blair. 2005. Wrigley Building clearly a landmark. Chicago Tribune. July 1. MilwaukeeJournal-Sentinel. 1998. Editorial. June 1. New York Times, national edition. 2004. Obituary of JacquesDerrida. October 10.Omit page numbers in parenthetical citations because the item may appear on differentpages or may even be dropped in different editions of the newspaper. Also omit descriptionsof the edition from the name of the newspaper if it is cited as the author.P: (Kamin 2005)(Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel 1998)(New York Times 2004)Instead of using a parenthetical citation, you can include some of the elements of thecitation in your text. You should still give a full citation to the article in your reference list.In a New York Times article on the transitions within the Supreme Court (2005), Greenhouse discusses thesetrends.www.itpub.net
orIn an article published on September 30, 2005, in the New York Times, Linda Greenhouse discusses thetransitions within the Supreme Court.19.4.1 Special Format IssuesFor American newspapers, omit an initial The in the name of the newspaper. If the name doesnot include a city, add it to the official title, except for well-known national papers such as theWall Street Journal or the Christian Science Monitor. If a name is shared by many cities or isobscure, you may add the state or province in parentheses (usually abbreviated; see 24.3.1).For foreign newspapers, retain initial articles, and add city names after titles.Chicago TribuneLe MondeSaint Paul (Alberta or AB) JournalTimes (London)The names of news services should be capitalized headline style but not italicized whentreated as the author of an article.R: Associated Press. 2005. Iraq constitution distributed amid attacks. Los Angeles Times. October 6.P: (Associated Press 2005)19.4.2 Special Types of Newspaper CitationsIn addition to individual, signed articles, newspapers include many other types of pieces,some of which require special treatment in citations.orRegular columns. Many regular columns carry headlines as well as column titles. Youmay use either both or, to save space, the column title alone (in roman type, not enclosedin quotation marks, and capitalized headline style).R: Morgenson, Gretchen. 2000. Applying a discount to good earnings news. Market Watch. New YorkTimes. April 23.Morgenson, Gretchen. 2000. Market Watch. New York Times. April 23.Letters to the editor. Cite published letters to the editor generically, without headlines.R: Davis, Virginia J. 2005. Letter to the editor. Chicago Tribune. July 29.Articles in supplements. Treat articles from Sunday “magazine” supplements or otherspecial sections as you would magazine articles (see 19.3).Articles published online. For online newspapers, follow the guidelines for articles inprint newspapers. In addition, include the URL and the date you accessed the material (see
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A Manual for Writers of Research Pa
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Indexing BooksNancy C. MulvanyGetti
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Part I Research and Writing: From P
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15 General Introduction to Citation
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Appendix: Paper Format and Submissi
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that have emerged since 2003 and th
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We first discuss the aims of resear
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You may think your report will add
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1.2 Three Kinds of Questions That R
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That impulse is understandable. But
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You might even post those five goal
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knowledge:masks in religious ceremo
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9. Look for questions that other re
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esearch. You can, of course, look f
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If you can think of only one or two
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3.3.2 Skim the Internet3.3.3 Talk t
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understand what you think until you
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translator(s)What data identify the
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(Bibliographic Index is a bibliogra
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Skim bibliographies of recent books
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influential a source is by how ofte
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4.5 Review Your Progress4.5.1 Searc
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PART-WHOLE CONTRADICTIONS. You can
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label the places (see fig. 4.1, wit
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major reasons, and so on). Highligh
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two, and if you take notes on a com
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4.6 Manage Moments of Normal PanicT
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good research report, readers hear
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think your answer is significant, i
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differently, you must acknowledge a
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Around here, when it's a warm night
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To accept that claim, readers must
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5.6 Assemble an ArgumentHere is a s
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6.2.6).6.2 Create a Plan That Meets
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2. Rephrase your question as a lack
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You can follow the same procedure t
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its end expressing its point. That
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7.10 Guard against Inappropriate As
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y their lack of original thinking.
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Now might I do it [kill him] pat, n
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As one invention begets another one
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2. What help must you acknowledge i
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families were headed by a single mo
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A.3.1 on creating and inserting tab
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1. Include only relevant data. If y
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BAR CHARTS. Bar charts communicate
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Figure 8.7 shows how a stacked bar
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that states the claim you want the
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www.itpub.net
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9.2 Make Sure the Body of Your Repo
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Of each section, ask What question
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give them a framework for understan
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you just surveyed:Ever since Girola
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Be sure to include in these openers
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11.5 Give It Up and Print It OutYou
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principal demonstrates that she is
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squeezed into so little volume chan
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Most instructors and editors do agr
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problem is the ones you are sure of
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comments so that you can do better
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13.1.2 Understand the Difference be
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of us do), you can then skip to the
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want to listen to them. Your aims a
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15.2.2 Information Required in Cita
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journal, collection, or series it a
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deciding how much change counts as
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You can assemble your bibliography
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information about the source (autho
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3. Author(s) Plus Editor or Transla
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16.1.3 CapitalizationCapitalize mos
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university may specify that you sho
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You may choose to include in your b
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16.3.5 Complex NotesCITATIONS. If y
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full note.N: 5. Jan H. Kalicki and
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number of a reference is the same a
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17.1.2 Title17.1.3 Edition17.1.4 Vo
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17.7 Informally Published Electroni
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17.1 BooksBooks reflect a wider ran
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4. Timothy E. Fulop and Albert J. R
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Many Spanish last names are compoun
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B: Aaron, Henry. Why Is Welfare So
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B: Pelikan, Jaroslav. Christian Doc
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Cambridge, MA: MIT PressChapel Hill
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illustration number.N: 50. Richard
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N: 3. Anne Carr and Douglas J. Schu
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download or other delivery from a b
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B: Jenkins, J. Craig, David Jacobs,
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B: Schapiro, Mark. “New Power for
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Articles published online. For onli
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parenthetical notes (see 16.4.3). Y
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N: 34. Hazel V. Clark, Mesopotamia:
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17.6.3 Interviews and Personal Comm
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Page 190 and 191: For video recordings, see 17.8.5; f
Page 192 and 193: with Harry N. Abrams, 1998. Publish
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Page 202 and 203: Style: The Basic Form18.1 Basic Pat
Page 204 and 205: In reference list entries, separate
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Page 208 and 209: If your reference list includes two
Page 210 and 211: 18.3.1 Placement in TextWhenever yo
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Page 214 and 215: 19.5.8 CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs19.5.9 On
Page 216 and 217: This chapter provides detailed info
Page 218 and 219: (Menchú 1999, 50-51)(Adorno and Be
Page 220 and 221: Van Rensselaer, StephenMedici, Lore
Page 222 and 223: Dates. Use a comma to set off dates
Page 224 and 225: When you cite an edition other than
Page 226 and 227: Some numbered series have existed f
Page 228 and 229: SPECIAL TYPES OF LOCATORS. Some par
Page 230 and 231: Calhoun, Craig. 2005. Foreword to M
Page 232 and 233: 19.2.1 Author's NameGive authors' n
Page 234 and 235: For a reference list entry, give th
Page 238 and 239: 15.4.1). Note that a URL alone is n
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Page 242 and 243: In your reference list, cite works
Page 244 and 245: 19.6.3 Interviews and Personal Comm
Page 246 and 247: followed by to and the name of the
Page 248 and 249: enclosed in quotation marks. Use he
Page 250 and 251: P: (Federal Express, “Caveman”
Page 252 and 253: If your paper is in literary studie
Page 254 and 255: R: U.S. Congress. Congressional Rec
Page 256 and 257: U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1975. Me
Page 258 and 259: language, provide the page number a
Page 260 and 261: United Kingdom. n.d. Rotuli parliam
Page 262 and 263: 20.3 Compounds and Words Formed wit
Page 264 and 265: ABBREVIATIONS. Form plurals of abbr
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Page 268 and 269: foodbornechildlikeworldwideExceptio
Page 270 and 271: French Canadian explorerMiddle East
Page 272 and 273: when the prefix precedes a compound
Page 274 and 275: Abbreviations. Do not break abbrevi
Page 276 and 277: Special elements such as abbreviati
Page 278 and 279: Do not use commas when all the elem
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Page 282 and 283: If the included question is at the
Page 284 and 285: 21.8.2 BracketsBrackets are most of
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We have noted similar motifs in Jap
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Chiang Kai-shekthe Honda Motor Comp
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treaties, government programs, and
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22.2.2 Words Defined as TermsTo emp
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given with an initial capital only.
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Web sites referred to generally (MS
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so, be consistent.If you are writin
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ROUND NUMBERS. Spell out a round nu
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23.1.6 Names with NumbersSome types
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In most numbers of four or more dig
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The research was conducted over sev
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do not, reconsider the structure of
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disciplines. If you are writing a p
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24.2.1 Personal NamesIn general, do
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24.2.3 Academic DegreesYou may use
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She was ineligible for the presiden
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24.4 Time and Dates24.4.1 TimeYou m
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Depending on the context, you may e
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24.6.3 New TestamentNote that the a
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parenthetical statements in the tex
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25.3.1 Permissible Changes25.3.2 Om
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The same placement options apply to
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R. ROISTER DOISTER. Except I have h
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INSERTIONS. If you need to insert a
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If you omit material between senten
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sometimes used interchangeably with
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Sources: Data from Richard H. Adams
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This grid of columns (vertical) and
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26.2.5 The StubThe leftmost column
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designate notes with asterisks, bot
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sentences. Such captions are also c
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hand) before submitting it. Softwar
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Many departments and universities h
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www.itpub.net
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www.itpub.net
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TITLE PAGE. Class papers should beg
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—New York Sun, February 13, 1917E
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class paper) includes many foreign
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www.itpub.net
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CHAPTERS. Most theses and dissertat
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that appear together without interv
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Examples of such material would be
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A.3 Submission RequirementsA.3.1 Pr
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Keep a table that cannot be present
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multimedia files.BibliographyThere
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The Booklist. Chicago: American Lib
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1. Bowman, John S., ed. The Cambrid
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Visual Representation of Data (Tabl
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4. Walford, Albert J., Anthony Chal
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University Press, 2004.2. Ward, Sir
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3. Øyen, Else, ed. Comparative Met
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http://www netlibrary.com.2. Warner
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EducationGeography4. Journal of Eco
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5. Garner, Bryan A. The Elements of
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Sociology3. Kennedy, J. Library Res
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1. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scient
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Chemistry4. Genetics Citation Index
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MathematicsPhysics2. Seyfert, Carl
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Chicago. He is the author of Style:
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of abbreviations list, 389in biblio
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See also figuresBC, 328, 339BCE, 32
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visual and performing arts, sources
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URLs, 177of words derived from pers
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working hypothesis as, 50-51See als
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headline-style capitalization and,
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of journal articles, citation of in
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drama. See plays; theater, citation
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eference list-style citation of, 25
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highlights in, 86-87inserted into f
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front matter, 377-391; abstract, 39
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See also figures; graphicsgrouped b
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methods of research illustrated on,
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as topic source, 14, 17journal writ
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magazinesbibliography-style citatio
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newspapersabbreviation of, 336-337a
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lists and, 329-330with names, 323-3
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multivolume dissertation, 375-376te
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in figure captions, 370function of,
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slash separating lines of, 350posse
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in glossary, 390line breaks and hyp
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from foreign language, 312integrati
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purpose of, 221specific requirement
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esearch method page, 390Reverend, u
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sentencesquoted material ending in,
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See also literature review; note-ta
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hard copy submission, 407-408prepar
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3-em dash, 148-149, 304timeabbrevia
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See also questions, researchtransit
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as primary sources, 25reference lis
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www.itpub.net
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