A-manual-for-writers-of-research-papers-theses-and-dissertations

25.3.1 Permissible Changes25.3.2 OmissionsThis chapter offers general guidelines for presenting quotations. Although all of the examplesare in English, the guidelines also apply to quotations from other languages (see also 22.2.1).Quoting directly from a source is just one of several options for representing the work ofothers in your paper; for a discussion of the alternatives and when to use them, see 7.4.Whichever option you choose, you must cite the source of the words or ideas. Chapter 15provides an introduction to citation practices, and the following chapters describe twocommon citation styles (chapters 16 and 17, bibliography style; chapters 18 and 19, referencelist style).If you are writing a thesis or a dissertation, your department or university may have specificrequirements for presenting quotations, which are usually available from the office of thesesand dissertations. If you are writing a class paper, your instructor may also ask you to followcertain principles for presenting quotations. Review these requirements before you prepareyour paper. They take precedence over the guidelines suggested here. For style guides invarious disciplines, see the bibliography.If your dissertation will be submitted to an external dissertation repository, you may need toobtain formal permission from copyright holders for certain types of quotations. See chapter 4of the Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition (2003).25.1 Quoting Accurately and Avoiding PlagiarismAccurate quotation is crucial to the scholarly enterprise, so you mustuse the most reliable edition availabletranscribe the words exactly as they are in the original, or modify them only as describedin 25.3accurately report the source in your bibliography or reference list (see chapters 16 and18) so that readers can consult it for themselvesThe ethics of scholarship also require that whenever you quote words, tables, graphics, ordata from a source, you clearly indicate what you borrowed and from where, using theappropriate citation style (see chapter 15). If you do not, you risk a charge of plagiarism. Buteven if you do cite a source accurately, you still risk a charge of plagiarism if you use theexact words of the source but fail to identify them as a quotation in one of the ways describedin 25.2. For a fuller discussion of plagiarism, see 7.9.25.2 Incorporating Quotations into Your Textwww.itpub.net