A-manual-for-writers-of-research-papers-theses-and-dissertations

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P: (Federal Express, “Caveman” advertisement, aired during Super Bowl XL, February 5, 2006)19.8.4 Sound RecordingsIf you listened to a musical or spoken performance on a sound recording, cite the recording.Like published works, such recordings generally have stable and available identifyinginformation and should be listed in your reference list. Parenthetical citations follow the usualauthor-date form.List recordings in your reference list under the name of either the composer or performer,depending on which is more relevant to your discussion. Include as much information aboutthe recording as you can to distinguish it from similar recordings, including the name of therecording company, the identifying number of the recording, the medium, and the copyrightdate or date of production (or both). Abbreviate compact disc as CD.R: Beethoven, Ludwig van. 1992. Piano sonata no. 29 “Hammerklavier.” Rudolf Serkin. ProArteDigital CDD 270.Anderson, Doug. 2001. Frostwork. OAR 1001, Dolby HX PRO. Audiocassette.Bernstein, Leonard, dir. 1985. Symphony no. 5, by Dmitri Shostakovich. New York Phil-harmonic. CBSIM 35854.Treat recordings of drama, prose or poetry readings, lectures, and the like as you wouldmusical recordings.R: Thomas, Dylan. 1950. Under Milk Wood. Performed by Dylan Thomas and others. Caedmon TC–2005 (audiocassette), CDLS–2005 (CD).To cite an item without a formal recording date in your text, give the name of the composeror performer used in the reference list entry and the title of the work. Include this informationeither in parentheses or in the text.19.8.5 Video RecordingsIf you viewed a live performance, a movie, or a television program or other broadcast sourceon a video recording, cite the recording. Like published works, such recordings generallyhave stable and available identifying information and should be listed in your reference list.Parenthetical citations follow the usual author-date form.Citations of video recordings generally follow the pattern for books, with the addition ofthe medium (VHS, DVD). Note that in the second example, the citation is to material originalto the 2001 edition, so the original release date of the film is omitted.R: Handel, George Frederic. 1988. Messiah. VHS. Atlanta Symphony Orchestra and Chamber Chorus,conducted by Robert Shaw. Batavia, OH: Video Treasures.Cleese, John, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin. 2001. Commentaries. Disc 2.Monty Python and the Holy Grail, special ed. DVD. Directed by Terry Gilliam and Terry Jones. CulverCity, CA: Columbia TriStar Home Entertainment.www.itpub.net
19.8.6 Online Multimedia FilesIf you viewed an image, a live performance, a movie, or a television program or otherbroadcast source online (including podcasts), cite the online file. Like published works, onlinemultimedia files generally have stable and available identifying information and should beincluded in your reference list.Follow the citation principles for the relevant type of source described above. If a file dateis difficult to identify, use the abbreviation n.d. or give a date that is otherwise relevant. Inaddition, list the title of the online site and the type of file. Include the URL and an accessdate. Note that a URL alone is not sufficient; you must provide additional information so thata reader can search for the source even if the URL changes. If a file lacks an individual URL(as in the second example below), cite the site as a whole.R: BBC. n.d. “Blair announces new Africa panel.” BBC News Web site. Windows Media Player videofile.http://news.bbc.co.uk/nolavconsole/ifs_news/hi/newsid_5110000/newsid_5119200/nb_wm_5119262.stm(accessed June 27, 2006).Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. 1778. “Allegro moderato,” Piano sonata no. 10 in C Major. Kunst derFuge. MIDI file. http://www.kunstderfuge.com/mozart.htm (accessed November 19, 2005).To cite a file without a formal date in your text, give the name of the author used in thereference list entry and the title of the work. Include this information either in parentheses orin the text. If relevant, also include the time at which the cited material appears in the file.P: (BBC n.d., 3:43)19.8.7 Texts in the Visual and Performing ArtsTexts in the visual and performing arts generally have stable and available identifyinginformation and should be listed in your reference list. Parenthetical citations follow the usualauthor-date form.ART EXHIBITION CATALOGS. Cite an art exhibition catalog as you would a book. In yourreference list, include the name and location(s) of the exhibition following the publicationdata.R: Barter, Judith A., ed. 1998. Mary Cassatt: Modern woman. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago, inassociation with Harry N. Abrams. Published in conjunction with the exhibition “Mary Cassatt: ModernWoman” shown at the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the National Gallery in Washington, DC, and theArt Institute of Chicago.PLAYS. In some cases, you can cite well-known English-language plays in parentheticalcitations only. (See also 19.5.1.) Use headline-style capitalization for titles. Separate theelements with commas. Omit publication data, and cite passages by act and scene (or otherdivision) instead of by page number.P: (Eugene O'Neill, Long Day's Journey into Night, act 2, scene 1)
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A Manual for Writers of Research Pa
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Indexing BooksNancy C. MulvanyGetti
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Part I Research and Writing: From P
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15 General Introduction to Citation
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Appendix: Paper Format and Submissi
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that have emerged since 2003 and th
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We first discuss the aims of resear
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You may think your report will add
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1.2 Three Kinds of Questions That R
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That impulse is understandable. But
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You might even post those five goal
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knowledge:masks in religious ceremo
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9. Look for questions that other re
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esearch. You can, of course, look f
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If you can think of only one or two
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3.3.2 Skim the Internet3.3.3 Talk t
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understand what you think until you
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translator(s)What data identify the
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(Bibliographic Index is a bibliogra
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Skim bibliographies of recent books
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influential a source is by how ofte
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4.5 Review Your Progress4.5.1 Searc
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PART-WHOLE CONTRADICTIONS. You can
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label the places (see fig. 4.1, wit
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major reasons, and so on). Highligh
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two, and if you take notes on a com
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4.6 Manage Moments of Normal PanicT
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good research report, readers hear
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think your answer is significant, i
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differently, you must acknowledge a
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Around here, when it's a warm night
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To accept that claim, readers must
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5.6 Assemble an ArgumentHere is a s
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6.2.6).6.2 Create a Plan That Meets
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2. Rephrase your question as a lack
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You can follow the same procedure t
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its end expressing its point. That
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7.10 Guard against Inappropriate As
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y their lack of original thinking.
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Now might I do it [kill him] pat, n
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As one invention begets another one
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2. What help must you acknowledge i
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families were headed by a single mo
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A.3.1 on creating and inserting tab
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1. Include only relevant data. If y
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BAR CHARTS. Bar charts communicate
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Figure 8.7 shows how a stacked bar
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that states the claim you want the
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www.itpub.net
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9.2 Make Sure the Body of Your Repo
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Of each section, ask What question
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give them a framework for understan
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you just surveyed:Ever since Girola
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Be sure to include in these openers
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11.5 Give It Up and Print It OutYou
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principal demonstrates that she is
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squeezed into so little volume chan
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Most instructors and editors do agr
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problem is the ones you are sure of
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comments so that you can do better
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13.1.2 Understand the Difference be
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of us do), you can then skip to the
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want to listen to them. Your aims a
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15.2.2 Information Required in Cita
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journal, collection, or series it a
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deciding how much change counts as
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You can assemble your bibliography
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information about the source (autho
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3. Author(s) Plus Editor or Transla
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16.1.3 CapitalizationCapitalize mos
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university may specify that you sho
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You may choose to include in your b
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16.3.5 Complex NotesCITATIONS. If y
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full note.N: 5. Jan H. Kalicki and
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number of a reference is the same a
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17.1.2 Title17.1.3 Edition17.1.4 Vo
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17.7 Informally Published Electroni
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17.1 BooksBooks reflect a wider ran
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4. Timothy E. Fulop and Albert J. R
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Many Spanish last names are compoun
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B: Aaron, Henry. Why Is Welfare So
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B: Pelikan, Jaroslav. Christian Doc
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Cambridge, MA: MIT PressChapel Hill
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illustration number.N: 50. Richard
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N: 3. Anne Carr and Douglas J. Schu
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download or other delivery from a b
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B: Jenkins, J. Craig, David Jacobs,
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B: Schapiro, Mark. “New Power for
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Articles published online. For onli
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parenthetical notes (see 16.4.3). Y
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N: 34. Hazel V. Clark, Mesopotamia:
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17.6.3 Interviews and Personal Comm
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Locating information. Although some
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consistently, and adapt the general
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For video recordings, see 17.8.5; f
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with Harry N. Abrams, 1998. Publish
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note.N: 4. Senator Kennedy of Massa
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Executive departments, bureaus, and
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Lower federal courts. For lower fed
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Page 202 and 203: Style: The Basic Form18.1 Basic Pat
Page 204 and 205: In reference list entries, separate
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Page 208 and 209: If your reference list includes two
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Page 214 and 215: 19.5.8 CD-ROMs or DVD-ROMs19.5.9 On
Page 216 and 217: This chapter provides detailed info
Page 218 and 219: (Menchú 1999, 50-51)(Adorno and Be
Page 220 and 221: Van Rensselaer, StephenMedici, Lore
Page 222 and 223: Dates. Use a comma to set off dates
Page 224 and 225: When you cite an edition other than
Page 226 and 227: Some numbered series have existed f
Page 228 and 229: SPECIAL TYPES OF LOCATORS. Some par
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Page 232 and 233: 19.2.1 Author's NameGive authors' n
Page 234 and 235: For a reference list entry, give th
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Page 242 and 243: In your reference list, cite works
Page 244 and 245: 19.6.3 Interviews and Personal Comm
Page 246 and 247: followed by to and the name of the
Page 248 and 249: enclosed in quotation marks. Use he
Page 252 and 253: If your paper is in literary studie
Page 254 and 255: R: U.S. Congress. Congressional Rec
Page 256 and 257: U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1975. Me
Page 258 and 259: language, provide the page number a
Page 260 and 261: United Kingdom. n.d. Rotuli parliam
Page 262 and 263: 20.3 Compounds and Words Formed wit
Page 264 and 265: ABBREVIATIONS. Form plurals of abbr
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Page 268 and 269: foodbornechildlikeworldwideExceptio
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Page 272 and 273: when the prefix precedes a compound
Page 274 and 275: Abbreviations. Do not break abbrevi
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Page 278 and 279: Do not use commas when all the elem
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Page 282 and 283: If the included question is at the
Page 284 and 285: 21.8.2 BracketsBrackets are most of
Page 286 and 287: We have noted similar motifs in Jap
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Page 292 and 293: 22.2.2 Words Defined as TermsTo emp
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Page 296 and 297: Web sites referred to generally (MS
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ROUND NUMBERS. Spell out a round nu
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23.1.6 Names with NumbersSome types
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In most numbers of four or more dig
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The research was conducted over sev
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do not, reconsider the structure of
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disciplines. If you are writing a p
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24.2.1 Personal NamesIn general, do
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24.2.3 Academic DegreesYou may use
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She was ineligible for the presiden
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24.4 Time and Dates24.4.1 TimeYou m
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Depending on the context, you may e
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24.6.3 New TestamentNote that the a
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parenthetical statements in the tex
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25.3.1 Permissible Changes25.3.2 Om
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The same placement options apply to
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R. ROISTER DOISTER. Except I have h
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INSERTIONS. If you need to insert a
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If you omit material between senten
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sometimes used interchangeably with
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Sources: Data from Richard H. Adams
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This grid of columns (vertical) and
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26.2.5 The StubThe leftmost column
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designate notes with asterisks, bot
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sentences. Such captions are also c
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hand) before submitting it. Softwar
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Many departments and universities h
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www.itpub.net
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www.itpub.net
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TITLE PAGE. Class papers should beg
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—New York Sun, February 13, 1917E
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class paper) includes many foreign
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www.itpub.net
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CHAPTERS. Most theses and dissertat
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that appear together without interv
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Examples of such material would be
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A.3 Submission RequirementsA.3.1 Pr
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Keep a table that cannot be present
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multimedia files.BibliographyThere
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The Booklist. Chicago: American Lib
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1. Bowman, John S., ed. The Cambrid
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Visual Representation of Data (Tabl
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4. Walford, Albert J., Anthony Chal
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University Press, 2004.2. Ward, Sir
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3. Øyen, Else, ed. Comparative Met
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http://www netlibrary.com.2. Warner
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EducationGeography4. Journal of Eco
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5. Garner, Bryan A. The Elements of
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Sociology3. Kennedy, J. Library Res
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1. McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scient
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Chemistry4. Genetics Citation Index
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MathematicsPhysics2. Seyfert, Carl
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Chicago. He is the author of Style:
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of abbreviations list, 389in biblio
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See also figuresBC, 328, 339BCE, 32
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visual and performing arts, sources
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URLs, 177of words derived from pers
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working hypothesis as, 50-51See als
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headline-style capitalization and,
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of journal articles, citation of in
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drama. See plays; theater, citation
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eference list-style citation of, 25
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highlights in, 86-87inserted into f
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front matter, 377-391; abstract, 39
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See also figures; graphicsgrouped b
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methods of research illustrated on,
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as topic source, 14, 17journal writ
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magazinesbibliography-style citatio
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newspapersabbreviation of, 336-337a
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lists and, 329-330with names, 323-3
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multivolume dissertation, 375-376te
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in figure captions, 370function of,
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slash separating lines of, 350posse
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in glossary, 390line breaks and hyp
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from foreign language, 312integrati
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purpose of, 221specific requirement
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esearch method page, 390Reverend, u
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sentencesquoted material ending in,
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See also literature review; note-ta
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hard copy submission, 407-408prepar
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3-em dash, 148-149, 304timeabbrevia
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See also questions, researchtransit
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as primary sources, 25reference lis
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www.itpub.net
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