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Table 1. Conservation status of the assessed vertebrates and invertebrates of Sri Lanka(Endemics are shown in brackets)Taxonomic Group EX CR (PE) CR EN VU NT DD LCTotalSpeciesTotalThreatenedSpiders 41 (14) 21 (10) 8 (2) 394 (231) 37 501(257) 62(24)Freshwater crabs 34 (34) 12 (11) 5 (5) 51(50) 46(45)Dragonflies 26 (22) 18 (14) 17 (4) 17 (1) 11 (5) 29 (1) 118 (47) 61(40)Ants 25 (5) 18 (3) 16 109 (25) 26 194 (33) 59(8)Bees 48 38 20 12 12 130 106Butterflies 21 (5) 38 (10) 40 (7) 21 6(1) 119 (3) 245 (26) 99 (22)Land Snails(Excluding 21 notevaluated)80 (70) 76 (72) 23 (20) 12 (10) 36 (32) 5 (1) 253 (205) 179 (162)Freshwater fish 2 (2) 19 (16) 19 (17) 5 (4) 5 (3) 9 (5) 32 (3) 91 (50) 45 (39)Amphibians 19 (19) 1 (1) 34 (34) 28 (27) 10 (9) 3 (3) 1 15 (2) 111(95) 73 (71)Reptiles (Includingmarine reptiles)1 (1) 38 (36) 50 (39) 18 (11) 15 (7) 27 (15) 62 (15) 211 (124) 107 (87)Birds 18 18 (7) 31 (11) 35 (3) 138 (6) 240 (27) 67 (18)Mammals(Excludingthe 30 marinemammals)13 (6) 25 (8) 15 (4) 7 (0) 6 (1) 29 (2) 95 (21) 53 (18)An analysis of the geographical distribution of threatened vertebrate fauna in the differentadministrative districts in the island (Table 2) revealed that districts in the lowland wet zone(ie., Ratnapura, Galle, Matara, Kalutara, Kegalle) and the central highlands (Kandy, Nuwara-Eliya,Matale, Badulla) harbour a higher number of threatened taxa. According to information compiledduring this study, the highest number of threatened vertebrate fauna occur in the RatnapuraDistrict. The analyses also show clearly that districts in the Northern Province (Jaffna, Kilinochchi,Mullaitivu, Vavuniya) and the Eastern Province (Ampara, Batticaloa and Trincomalee) lack sufficientdistribution data, compared to other areas of the island.146
Table 2. The geographic distribution of threatened vertebrates in Sri LankaFreshwater Fish Amphibians Reptiles Birds MammalsDistrictTotalCR EN VU CR EN VU CR EN VU CR EN VU CR EN VUAmpara 1 (1) 1 (0) 1 (1) 1 (1) 4 (2) 7 (3) 1 (0) 2 (0) 11 (1) 3 (1) 32 (11)Anuradhapura 1 (1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 3 (2) 2 (2) 5 (3) 8 (3) 1 (0) 6 (0) 12 (1) 12 (1) 57 (18)Badulla 1 (1) 2 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 4 (4) 5 (5) 5 (4) 14 (12) 5 (3) 1 (0) 6 (1) 18 (10) 4 (3) 11 (4) 10 (2) 88 (52)Batticaloa 1 (0) 1 (0) 2 (0) 1 (1) 5 (1)Colombo 3 (2) 14 (12) 3 (2) 7 (6) 6 (6) 2 (1) 3 (0) 2 (0) 11 (3) 3 (1) 4 (1) 58 (34)Galle 4 (3) 18 (17) 3 (2) 3 (3) 20 (19) 8 (8) 4 (4) 11 (10) 13 (8) 10 (5) 16 (10) 1 (0) 8 (2) 10 (3) 129 (94)Gampaha 2 (1) 10 (9) 2 (1) 1 (1) 3 (2) 3 (1) 3 (1) 5 (2) 3 (1) 6 (2) 35 (21)Hambantota 1 (1) 2 (2) 6 (3) 11 (6) 2 (0) 7 (0) 20 (6) 10 (2) 7 (1) 66 (21)Jaffna 1 (0) 1 (0) 3 (0) 1 (0) 3 (0) 9 (0)Kalutara 7 (5) 16 (14) 3 (2) 9 (8) 5 (5) 9 (9) 8 (5) 8 (4) 17 (10) 1 (0) 5 (2) 9 (3) 97 (62)Kandy 5 (5) 2 (1) 3 (3) 13 (13) 12 (12) 8 (8) 9 (7) 25 (23) 13 (10) 1 (0) 15 (6) 19 (11) 1 (1) 12 (4) 6 (2) 144 (108)Kegalle 4 (2) 15 (13) 2 (2) 1 (1) 10 (9) 5 (5) 1 (1) 9 (9) 9 (7) 11 (7) 17 (11) 2 (2) 8 (3) 94 (72)Kilinochchi 0 (0)Kurunegala 2 (1) 1 (1) 2 (1) 2 (2) 2 (2) 1 (0) 3 (1) 1 (0) 6 (2) 6 (0) 26 (10)Mannar 1 (1) 1 (0) 1 (0) 2 (0) 4 (0) 1 (0) 1 (0) 6 (0) 1 (0) 18 (1)Matale 4 (4) 2 (2) 5 (5) 5 (5) 8 (7) 7 (6) 8 (8) 8 (6) 2 (0) 10 (2) 23 (7) 2 (0) 9 (2) 5 (1) 96 (55)Matara 4 (3) 10 (10) 3 (2) 2 (2) 13 (12) 6 (6) 2 (2) 12 (11) 10 (7) 6 (4) 15 (11) 5 (2) 8 (3) 96 (75)Monaragala 1 (1) 2 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 4 (4) 3 (1) 6 (5) 11 (8) 4 (0) 6 (0) 14 (4) 10 (3) 5 (1) 69 (31)Mullaitivu 1 (1) 1 (0) 1 (0) 1 (0) 1 (0) 1 (0) 1 (0) 2 (0) 11 (1) 2 (1) 22 (3)Nuwara Eliya 1 (1) 1 (1) 1 (1) 12 (12) 17 (16) 7 (7) 7 (6) 18 (15) 10 (7) 1 (0) 6 (0) 4 (3) 14 (6) 8 (3) 107 (78)Polonnaruwa 3 (3) 3 (2) 3 (3) 4 (3) 1 (1) 3 (2) 6 (5) 1 (0) 6 (1) 18 (10) 5 (1) 6 (1) 59 (32)Puttalam 1 (1) 2 (1) 2 (1) 2 (1) 1 (1) 3 (0) 6 (2) 2 (0) 5 (0) 3 (0) 27 (7)Ratnapura 6 (5) 15 (13) 2 (2) 19 (19) 27 (26) 8 (8) 13 (12) 23 (21) 12 (9) 2 (0) 11 (3) 1 (1) 15 (5) 12 (3) 166 (127)Trincomalee 1 (1) 1 (0) 2 (1) 2 (0) 10 (5) 16 (10) 5 (1) 1 (0) 36 (18)Vavuniya 1 (1) 1 (0) 1 (0) 3 (1) 5 (2) 11 (3)147
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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Page 119 and 120: Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
Page 123 and 124: The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
Page 125 and 126: The crocodile populations are under
Page 127 and 128: Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
Page 137 and 138: Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
Page 139 and 140: espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
Page 141 and 142: AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
Page 159 and 160: Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
Page 161 and 162: Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
Page 169: Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
Page 173 and 174: TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
Page 175 and 176: ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
Page 177 and 178: Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
Page 179 and 180: Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
Page 181 and 182: Family/ Scientific Name Common name
Page 189 and 190: Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
Page 191 and 192: Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
Page 193 and 194: Prominent plant families in dry for
Page 195 and 196: According to the plant records avai
Page 197 and 198: is very likely to devastate this ec
Page 199 and 200: Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
Page 201 and 202: DistributionHigh degree of endemism
Page 203 and 204: - Taxonomic research on closely rel
Page 205 and 206: Present Status of Montane Forests i
Page 207 and 208: Death of trees in the montane fores
Page 209 and 210: Conservation of our mountain forest
Page 211 and 212: (saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
Page 213 and 214: category (CR); three under Endanger
Page 215 and 216: and eutrophication (due to agricult
Page 217 and 218: IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
Page 219 and 220: - With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
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PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
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Threats to angiosperms may range fr
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Further, evaluation of the conserva
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MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
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Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
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ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
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Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
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de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
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Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
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Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
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Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
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Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
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Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
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Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
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1. Establishment of a national echi
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Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
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Provisional checklist of soft coral
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Extensive coral growth is limited t
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Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
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Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
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References For Corals Recorded For
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Subgenera have generally not been u
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Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
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Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
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Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
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Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
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Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
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DistributionMany Marine species inc
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Provisional Check List of the Marin
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Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
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Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
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Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
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Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
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References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
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Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
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ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
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Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
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Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
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Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
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1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
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Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
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Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
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Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
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1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
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Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
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Tropical agricultural research. 20:
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Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
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Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
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Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
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Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
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A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
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Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
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9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
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Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
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Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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