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Family: KyphosidaePseudocheilinus hexataenia (Bleeker, 1857) 5Kyphosus cinerascens (Forsskal, 1775) 120, 22Pseudocheilinus octotaenia Jenkins, 1901Pseudojuloides erythrops Randall & Randall, 1981 22Family: LabridaeStethojulis spp. 2Anampses meleagrides Valenciennes, 1840 1Stethojulis bandanensis (Bleeker, 1851) 5Anampses caeruleopunctatus Rüppell, 1829 5Stethojulis trilineata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) 5Anampses lineatus Randall, 1972 5Stethojulis interrupta (Bleeker, 1851) 22Anampses melanurus Bleeker, 1857 22Stethojulis albovittata (Bonnaterre, 1788) 22Bodianus bilunulatus (Lacepede, 1801) 1, 5Stethojulis strigiventer (Bennett, 1833) 22Bodianus diana Lacepede, 1802 1, 5Thalassoma hebraicum (Lacepede, 1801) 2Bodianus axillaris (Bennett, 1832) 2, 5Thalassoma janseni (Bleeker, 1856) 2, 5Bodianus neilli (Day, 1867) 5Thalassoma hardwickii (Bennett, 1830) 2, 5Bodianus macrourus (Lacepède, 1801) 22Thalassoma quinquevittatum (Lay & Bennett, 1839) 2, 51, 20Cheilinus chlorourus (Bloch, 1791)1, 5, 7Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758)Cheilinus fasciatus Bloch, 1791 1Thalassoma purpureum (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 5Cheilinus trilobatus Lacepede, 1801 1Thalassoma trilobatum (Lacepede, 1801) 1Cheilinus undulatus Ruppell, 1828 1Thalassoma amblycephalum (Bleeker, 1856)Cheilio inermis (Forsskal, 1775) 221Xyrichtys pavo (Valenciennes, 1839)Choerodon anchorago (Bloch, 1791) 1, 51Xyrichtys pentadactylus (Linnaeus, 1758)Choerodon robustus Gunther, 1862 11Cirrhilabrus rubrisquamis Randall & Emery, 1983 5Family: Lactariidae1, 21Coris cuvieri (Bennett, 1831)1, 5, 9Coris aygula Lacepede, 1802Lactarius lactarius (Schneider, 1801) 1Coris frerei Gunther, 1866 1, 5Coris cuvieri (Bennett, 1831) 5Family: LeiognathidaeCoris batuensis (Bleeker, 1856-57) 221, 21Equulites elongatus (Günther, 1874)Diproctacanthus xanthurus (Bleeker, 1856) 22Equulites rivulatus (Temminki & Schlegel, 1845) 181, 201, 21Epibulus insidiator Pallas, 1770 Equulites leuciscus (Günther, 1860)Gomphosus caeruleus Lacepede, 1801 1, 51, 21Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829)1, 2, 5Halichoeres hortulanus (Lacepede, 1801) Gazza achlamys Jordan and Starks, 1917 1Halichoeres dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1839) 1, 2 Gazza minuta (Bloch, 1797) 11, 2, 5Halichoeres marginatus (Ruppell, 1835) Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes, 1835) 11, 2, 5Halichoeres scapularis (Bennett, 1831) Leiognathus brevirostris (Valenciennes, 1835) 1Halichoeres zeylonicus (Bennett, 1832) 1Leiognathus daura (Cuvier, 1829) 1Halichoeres nebulosus (Valenciennes, 1839) 2Leiognathus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1835) 1Halichoeres timorensis (Bleeker, 1852) 2Leiognathus equulus (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 8Leiognathus fasciatus (Lacepede, 1803)Halichoeres leucoxanthus Randall & Smith, 1982 2, 5120, 22Leiognathus lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835)Halichoeres margaritaceus (Valenciennes, 1839) 11, 21Leiognathus longispinis (Valenciennes, 1835)20, 22Halichoeres notospilus (Günther, 1864)1, 21Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes, 1835)20, 22Halichoeres biocellatus Schultz, 19601, 21Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes, 1835)Halichoerus spp. 2Secutor insidiator (Bloch, 1797) 1Hemigymnus fasciatus (Bloch, 1792) 1, 5Secutor ruconius (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) 1Hemigymnus melapterus (Bloch, 1791) 1, 5Hologymnosus annulatus (Lacepede, 1801) 1Family: LethrinidaeHologymnosus doliatus (Lacepede, 1801) 11, 20Gnathodentex aureolineatus (Lacepede, 1802)1, 5, 7Labroides dimidiatus (Lacepede, 1839)Gymnocranius elongatus Senta, 1973Labroides bicolor (Fowler and Bean, 1928) 15, 9Gymnocranius grandoculis (Valenciennes, 1830)Macropharyngodon ornatus Randall, 1978 15Gymnocranius griseus (Schlegel, 1844) 1Macropharyngodon meleagris (Valenciennes, 1839) 22Lethrinus conchyliatus (Smith, 1959) 1Novaculichthys taeniourus Lacepede, 1801 1, 5Lethrinus crocineus Smith, 1959 11, 21Oxycheilinus digramma (Lacepède, 1801)Lethrinus harak (Forsskal, 1775) 1Paracheilinus mccoskeri Randall & Harmelin-Vivien,1977 5Lethrinus lentjan (Lacepede, 1802) 1Pseudodax moluccanus (Valenciennes, 1839) 1 Lethrinus mahsena (Forsskal, 1775) 1Lethrinus microdon Valenciennes, 1830 1420
1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal, 1775) Pinjalo pinjalo (Bleeker, 1850) 1Lethrinus obsoletus (Forsskal, 1775) 1Pinjalo lewisi (Randall, Allen and Anderson, 1987) 11, 14Lethrinus olivaceus Valenciennes, 1830 Pristipomoides filamentosus (Valenciennes, 1830) 1Lethrinus ornatus Valenciennes, 1830 1Pristipomoides multidens (Day, 1870) 1Lethrinus rubrioperculatus Sato, 1978 1Pristipomoides sieboldii (Bleeker, 1857) 1Lethrinus semicintus Valenciennes, 1830 11, 14Pristipomoides typus Bleeker, 1852Lethrinus variegates Valenciennes, 1830 1Pristipomoides zonatus (Valenciennes, 1830) 1Lethrinus spp. 1Monotaxis grandoculis (Forsskal, 1775) 1Family: MacrouridaeWattsia mossambica (Smith, 1975) 1Caelorinchus flabellispinnis (Alcock 1894) 18Coryphaenoides woodmasoni (Alcock, 1890) 1Family: LobotidaeHymenocephalus heterolepis (Alcock, 1889) 1Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch, 1790) 1Family: MalacanthidaeFamily: LophiidaeMalacanthus brevirostris Guichenot, 1848 5Lophiodes mutilus (Alcock, 1893) 1Malacanthus latovittatus (Lacepede, 1802) 1, 5Lophiomus setigerus (Vahl, 1797) 1Family: MegalopidaeFamily: LutjanidaeMegalops cyprinoides (Broussonet, 1782) 1Aphareus furca (Lacepede, 1802) 1Aphareus rutilans Cuvier, 1830 1Family: MenidaeAprion virescens Valenciennes, 1830 1Mene maculata (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) 1Etelis carbunculus Cuvier, 1828 1Etelis coruscans Valenciennes, 1862 1Family: PtereleotridaeEtelis radiosus Anderson, 1981 1Nemateleotris decora Randall & Allen, 1973 5Lipocheilus carnolabrum (Chan, 1970) 1Nemateleotris magnifica Fowler, 1938 51, 14Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskal, 1775)Ptereleotris evides (Jordan & Hubbs, 1925) 5Lutjanus bengalensis (Bloch, 1790) 1Ptereleotris hanae (Jordan & Snyder, 1901) 5Lutjanus biguttatus (Valenciennes, 1830) 1Ptereleotris heteroptera (Bleeker, 1855) 5Lutjanus bohar (Forsskal, 1775) 1Ptereleotris microlepis (Bleeker, 1856) 5Lutjanus guilcheri Fourmanoir, 1959 1Ptereleotris zebra (Fowler, 1938) 5Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792) 1Ptereleotris monoptera Randall & Hoese, 1985 22Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 5Lutjanus lemniscatus (Valenciennes, 1830) 1Family: MolidaeLutjanus lunulatus (Park, 1797) 1Mola mola (Linneaus, 1841)Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch, 1790 11Ranzania laevis (Pennant, 1776)Lutjanus madras (Valenciennes, 1831) 11Lutjanus malabaricus (Bloch and Schneider, 1801) 1Lutjanus monostigma (Cuvier, 1828) 1Family: MonacanthidaeLutjanus quinquelineatus (Bloch, 1790) 1, 5Acreichthys tomentosus (Linneaus, 1758) 11, 14Lutjanus rivulatus (Cuvier, 1828) Aluterus monoceros (Linneaus, 1758) 11, 21Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849) Aluterus scriptus (Osbeck, 1765) 1Lutjanus sanguineus (Cuvier, 1828) 1Amanses scopas (Cuvier, 1829) 2, 5Lutjanus sebae (Cuvier, 1828) 1, 5Anacanthus barbatus (Linneaus, 1758) 11, 20Lutjanus vitta (Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) Cantherhines pardalis (Ruppell, 1835) 1Lutjanus decussatus (Cuvier, 1828) 1, 5Oxymonacanthus longirostris (Bloch & Schneider,Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters, 1869)1801) 15Lutjanus erythropterus Bloch, 1790Paramonacanthus choirocephalus (Bleeker, 1852) 111, 14Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskal, 1775)Paramonacanthus nipponensis (Kamohara, 1939) 1Lutjanus fulvus (Schneider, 1801)Pervagor janthinosoma (Bleeker, 1854) 1, 25Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskal, 1775)Stephanolepis diaspros Fraser-Brunner, 1940 11Macolor niger (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 51, 21Paracaesio sordida Abe and Shinohara, 1962 Family: MonocentridaeParacaesio xanthura Bleeker, 1869 1, 20 1, 21Monocentris japonica (Houttuyn, 1782)421
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
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PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
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Threats to angiosperms may range fr
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Further, evaluation of the conserva
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MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
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Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
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ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
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Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
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de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
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Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
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Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
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Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
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Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
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Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
Page 393 and 394: Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
Page 395 and 396: 1. Establishment of a national echi
Page 397 and 398: Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
Page 399 and 400: Provisional checklist of soft coral
Page 401 and 402: Extensive coral growth is limited t
Page 403 and 404: Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
Page 405 and 406: Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
Page 407 and 408: References For Corals Recorded For
Page 409 and 410: Subgenera have generally not been u
Page 411 and 412: Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
Page 413 and 414: Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
Page 415 and 416: Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
Page 417 and 418: Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
Page 419 and 420: Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
Page 421 and 422: DistributionMany Marine species inc
Page 423 and 424: Provisional Check List of the Marin
Page 425 and 426: Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
Page 427 and 428: Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
Page 429 and 430: Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
Page 431 and 432: Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
Page 433 and 434: References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
Page 435 and 436: Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
Page 437 and 438: ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
Page 439 and 440: Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
Page 441 and 442: Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
Page 443: Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
Page 447 and 448: Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
Page 449 and 450: Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
Page 451 and 452: Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
Page 453 and 454: 1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
Page 455 and 456: Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
Page 457 and 458: Tropical agricultural research. 20:
Page 459 and 460: Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
Page 461 and 462: Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
Page 463 and 464: Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
Page 465 and 466: Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
Page 467 and 468: A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
Page 469 and 470: Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
Page 471 and 472: 9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
Page 473 and 474: Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
Page 475 and 476: Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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