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These actions are necessary to ensure long term conservation of Sri Lanka’s biodiversity. TheSCU based at the biodiversity secretariat will act as the coordinating body to initiate theseactions. However, as can be seen, successful completion of these tasks will require great dealof inter-agency cooperation without which conservation of the biodiversity of Sri Lanka willindubitably fail.The future of the species diversity of Sri Lanka lies in gathering solid scientific baseline data,analysing these data using the best possible methods, identifying gaps and priorities basedon these scientific foundations and developing conservation action plans from the informationgathered. It is essential that these efforts are buttressed by conservation education thatcreates awareness not only about the threats facing species and their current status, but alsoabout the role each stakeholder can play in the conservation of Sri Lanka’s flora and fauna. Itis only when such a holistic and scientifically-based effort is made that engages and involvesall stakeholders that conservation will move from being rhetoric to effective action. In such aneffort, Redlisting is pivotal as a scientific tool that facilitates conservation.352
ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Mahaulpatha, H.W.A.D. & de Silva, A., (2010). Reptile Diversity of selected habitat types inthe northern part of the Girithale Nature Reserve, Sri Lanka: The Bological Diversity of Mihintale: With specialreference to its Herpetofauna. Lyriocephalus Special issue, 07(1&2), p.215.Abayarathna, M. G. T. H., Mahaulpatha, W. A. D., de Silva, A. & Sundarabarathy, T. V., (2010). Amphibian diversityin the Giritale Nature Reserve, Sri Lanka. The Biological Diversity of Mihintale with special reference to itsherpetofauna. Lyriocephalus special issue, 7(1&2), pp.67-173.Abyerami, S. & Sivashanthini, K., (2008). Diversity of snakes from the Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka. Pakistan Journaof Biological Sciences, 11(16), pp.1969-1978.Adikaram, N. K. B., Weerasooriya, A. & Mahaliyanage, T. D., (2001). Occurrence of red thread disease in thegrasses of Horton Plains National Park. Journal of the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka, 29(3&4), pp.117-120.Alawathugoda, R. M. D. & Mannakkara, A., (2005). Seed propergation and Vegetative multiplication of Khayasenegalensis: A guide for nursery management. The Sri Lanka Forester, New Series, 28, pp.77- 83.Amarakoon, A. M. R. K., Nathanael, E. S. & de Silva, A., (2010). The pattern of reptiles killed by road traffic on theAnuradhapura-Mihinthale road, Sri Lanka: The biological Diversity of Mihintale: With special reference to itsHerpetofauna. Lyriocephalus Special issue, 07(1&2), p.83.Amarasinghe, A. A. T. & Karunaratne, D. M. S. S., (2008). Observations on the ovipositional behaviour of thecrest-less lizard Calotes liocephalus (Reptilia: Agamidae) in the Knuckles Forest Region. Asian HerpetologicalResearch, 11, pp.13-16.Amarasinghe, A. A. T., Karunaratne, D. M. S. S. & Gabadage, D. E., (2009). Current status of Calotes liocephalus,Gunther 1872, (Reptilia: Agamidae) of Sri Lanka. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 1(11), pp.553-557.Amaratunga, K. L. D., (1973). Spermacoce latifolia Aublet, a new record for Sri Lanka. The Ceylon journal ofScience (Bio.Sci.), 10(2), pp.155-157.Arenas, M. A. S. & Cribb, P., (2010). A new infrageneric classification and synopsis of the Genus Vanilla plum.exmill. (Orchidaceae : Vanillinae). Lankesteriana, 9(3): pp.355-398.Arulchelvam, K., (1968). Mangroves. The Ceylon Forester, VIII(3&4), pp.59- 90.Asela, M. D. C., Pieris, R. A. K., Priyankara, S. K. I. U., Jayasekera, R. W. & Karunarathna, D. M. S. S., (2009).Some notes on the butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) of Tantrimale Archaeological Site, AnuradhapuraDistrict, Sri Lanka. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 1(7), pp. 392-394.Ashton, M. S., Gunatilleke, C. V. S., Samarasinghe, S. J. & Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., (2001). Restoration pathwaysfor rain forest in Southwest Sri Lanka: a review of concepts & models. Forest Ecology Management, 154,pp.409-430.Ashton, P. M. S., Samarasinghe, S. J., Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N. & Gunatilleke, C. V. S., (1997). Role of Legumesin release of successionally arrested grassland in the Central Hills of Sri Lanka. Restoration Ecology, 5(1),pp.36-43.Athnayake, R. M. W. R. & Jayasuriya, L. R., (1998). Threatened endimic vegetaton in the upper montane rain forestin Hakgala Strict Nature Reserve. Sri Lanka Forester, 23(1&2), pp.18-22.Bahir, M. M., (1995). Rana (Hylarana) aurentiaca Boulenger, found in a distinctive locality Rhumassala. Sri LankaNaturalist 20(5), p.207.Bahir, M. M., Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., Schneider, C. J. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2005).Reproduction and terrestrial direct development in Sri Lankan shrub frogs (Ranidae: Rhacophoridae: Philautus).The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 12, pp.339–350.Baker, J., (1971). The Sinharaja Rain Forest, Ceylon. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society ofSri Lanka, 7(4), pp.190-194.Balasubramaniam, S., Ratnayake, S. & White, R., (1993).The montane forests of the Horton Plains Nature Reserve.In: Proc. of International and Interdisciplinary Symposium. Ecology and landscape management in Sri Lanka,pp.95-108.Bambaradeniya, C. N. B., (1996). The Victoria Randenigala- Rantambe Sanctuary. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife andNature Protection Society of Sri Lanka, 21, pp. 2-4.Bambaradeniya, C. N. B., (1997). Observations of a Ranid (Hoplobatrachus crassus) swallowing a Microhylid(Microhyla rubrum). Lyriocephalus, 3(2), p.32.353
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Page 325 and 326: Family/ Scientific Name Common name
Page 365 and 366: Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
Page 367 and 368: PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
Page 369 and 370: Threats to angiosperms may range fr
Page 371 and 372: Further, evaluation of the conserva
Page 373 and 374: MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
Page 375: Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
Page 379 and 380: Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
Page 381 and 382: de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
Page 383 and 384: Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
Page 385 and 386: Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
Page 387 and 388: Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
Page 389 and 390: Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
Page 391 and 392: Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
Page 393 and 394: Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
Page 395 and 396: 1. Establishment of a national echi
Page 397 and 398: Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
Page 399 and 400: Provisional checklist of soft coral
Page 401 and 402: Extensive coral growth is limited t
Page 403 and 404: Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
Page 405 and 406: Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
Page 407 and 408: References For Corals Recorded For
Page 409 and 410: Subgenera have generally not been u
Page 411 and 412: Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
Page 413 and 414: Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
Page 415 and 416: Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
Page 417 and 418: Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
Page 419 and 420: Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
Page 421 and 422: DistributionMany Marine species inc
Page 423 and 424: Provisional Check List of the Marin
Page 425 and 426: Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
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Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
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Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
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Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
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References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
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Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
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ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
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Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
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Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
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Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
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1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
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Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
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Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
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Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
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1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
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Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
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Tropical agricultural research. 20:
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Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
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Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
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Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
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Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
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A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
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Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
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9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
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Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
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Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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