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Karunaratne, D. M. S. S., Amarasinghe, A. A. T., Gabadage, D. E., Bahir, M. M. & Harding, L. E., (2010). Currentstatus of faunal diversity in Bellanwila-Attidiya sanctuary, Colombo District, Sri Lanka. Taprobanica, 2(1),pp.48-63.Karunaratne, D. M. S. S., Amarasinghe, A. A. T., Abeywardena, U. T. I., Asela, M. D. C., Jayaneththi, H. B. &Madurapperuma, P. L., (2010). Some observations of Cnemaspis podihuna Deraniyagala, 1944 (Reptilia:Gekkonidae) in Sri Lanka. GEKKO, 6(1), pp.23-29.Karunaratne, N., (1986). Udawattekale the forbidden forest of the king of Kandy. National Archives department ofSri Lanka.Karunaratne, P. B., (1992). Fauna of the Samanalawewa Area. Colombo: Wildlife and Nature Protection of SriLanka.Karunaratne, S., (2001). Observation of Philautus nasutus (Gunther, 1886) (Amphibia: Rhachophoridae) inhabitingin Gannoruwa forest, Kandy, Sri Lanka. Lyriocephalus, 4(1&2), pp.95-100.Kathriarachchi, H. S., Tennakoon, K. U., Gunatilleke, C. V. S., Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N. & Ashton, P. M. S., (2004).Ecology of two selected liana species of utility value in a lowland rain forest of Sri Lanka: implications formanagement. Conservation and Society, 2(2), pp.273-288.Katugaha, H. I. E., (2001). Ruhuna National Park. Sri Lanka Nature, 3(2), pp.16-20.Kelaart, E. F., (1853). Prodromus Faunae Zeylanicae: Being contributions to the Zoology of Ceylon. Kandy: WHTPublications Ltd.Kerney, R., Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Hanken, J., (2007). Cranial ontogeny in Phlautussilus (Anura: Ranidae: Rhacophorinae) reveals few similarities with other direct-developing Anurans. Journalof Morphology, 268, pp.715-725.Kirtisinghe, P., (1946). The genus Nannophrys Gunther (Amphibia; Ranidae) with the description of a new species.Ceylon Journal of Science, 23(2), pp.105-107.Kirtisinghe, P., (1958). Some hithero undescribed Anuran tadpoles. Ceylon Journal of Science, 1(2), pp.171-176.Kittle, A. & Watson, A. C., (2007). The leopard Project. Colombo: Wilderness and Wildlife Conservation Trust.Klackenberg, J., (1983). A Reevalution of the genus Exacum (Gentianaceae) in Ceylon. Nordic Journal of Botany,3(3), pp.355-370.Koelmeyer, K. O., (1959). The periodicity of leaf change and flowering in the principal forest communities of Ceylon(Part 1). The Sri Lanka Forester, IV(2), p.188.Koelmeyer, K. O., (1960). The periodicity of leaf change and flowering in the principal forest communities of Ceylon(Part 2). The Sri Lanka Forester, IV(4), p. 308.Kostermans, A. J. G. H., (1971). A new Ceylonese species of Abarema Pitt. The Ceylon journal of Science (Bio.Sci.), 9(2), pp.61-63.Kostermans, A. J. H. G., (1981). Euginia, Syzygium and Cleistocalyx (Myrtaceae) in Ceylon a monographicalRevision. Quart.Journ.Taiwan Museum, 34(3, 4), pp.117-188.Kostermans, A. J. G. H., (1982a). The genus Vatica L. (Dipterocarpaceae) in Ceylon. Reinwardtia, 10(1), pp.69-79.Kostermans, A. J. H. G., (1982b). Notes on Ceylon Plants II, Anacardiaceae. Indonesia: Herbarium Bogoriense.Kostermans, A. J. H. G., (1992). A Hand book of the Dipterocapaceae of Sri Lanka. Colombo: Wild life HeritageTrust of Sri Lanka.Kosuch, J., Vences, M., Dubois, A., Ohler, A. & Böhme, W., (2001). Out of Asia: Mitochondrial DNA Evidence for anOriental Origin of Tiger Frogs, Genus Hoplobatrachus. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution, 21(3), pp.398-407.Kulatunga, S., (1996). Gently flows the Kiridi Oya. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society of SriLanka, 21(2), pp.53-55.Kulatunga, S., (1997). In the Medawachchiya Wilderness. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature ProtectionSociety of Sri Lanka, 21(4), pp.154-156.Liyanage, A. S. U. & Senanayake, G., (2010). The Atlas of Selected Crop Wild Relatives in Sri Lanka. Colombo:Department of Agriculture, Sri Lanka, pp.11-73.Maduwage, K., Silva, A., Manamendra-arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2009). A taxonomic revision of the SouthAsian hump-nosed pit vipers (Squamata: Viperidae: Hypnale). Zootaxa, 2232, pp.1-28.Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (1998). A synopsis of the Sri Lankan Bufonidae (Amphibia: Anura)with description of new species. Journal of South Asian Natural History, 3, pp.213–248.Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2001a). Polypedates fastigo, a new tree frog (Ranidae:Rhacophorinae) from Sri Lanka. Journal of South Asian Natural History, 5(2), pp.191-199.362
Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2001b). Ramanella nagaoi, a new tree-hole frog (Microhylidae) fromsouthern Sri Lanka. Journal of South Asian Natural History, 5(2), pp.121–133.Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2005). The Sri Lankan shrub-frogs of the genus Philautus Gistel, 1848(Ranidae: Rhacophorinae) with description of 27 new species. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement,12, pp.163-303.Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2006). Sri Lankave Ubhayajeeveen (in Sinhala). Colombo: WHTPublications (Private) Limited.Manamendra-arachchi, K., Batuwita, S. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2007). A taxonomic revision of the Sri Lankan daygeckoes (Reptilia: Gekkonidae: Cnemaspis), with description of new species from Sri Lanka and southernIndia. Zeylanica, 7(1), pp.9-122.Mannakkara A. & Alawathugoda R. M. D., (2005). Black twig boder Xylosandrus compactus, damage for forest treespecies. The Sri Lanka Forester, New Series 28(65), pp.65-76.Manton, I., Sledge W. A., (1954). Observation on the Cytology and Taxonomy of the Pteridodophyte Flora of Ceylon.Philosopical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Biological Sciences, Series B, 238(654), pp.127-185.Martin, D. & Gilhespy, J., (1996). Species composition of secondary dry zone forest following chena cultivation inthe Sigiriya area of Sri Lanka. (Unpublished report).Mcdermott, M., Gunatilleke, C. V. S. & Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., (1990). The Sinharaja rain forest: conserving bothbiological diversity and a way of life. Sri Lanka Forester, 19(3&4), pp.3-22.Medawatta, A. et al., (n.d.). Low country Rain Forest in Dumbara Adawiya, Darwin Initiative Project. PGiS, Universityof Peradeniya; University of Aberdeen.Meegaskumbura, M., (2001). The ecology of Ramanella obscura (Anura: Microhylidae) in a home garden habitatand a mid country forest (Gannoruwa). Lyriocephalus, 4(1&2), pp.36-39.Meegaskumbura, M. & Manamendra-Arachchi, K., (2005). Description of eight new species of shrub-frogs (Ranidae:Rhacophorinae: Philautus) from Sri Lanka. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement, 12, pp.305-338.Meegaskumbura, S., Meegaskumbura, M., Pethiyagoda, R., Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Schneider, C. J., (2007).Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammlaia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 1665, pp.19-30.Meegaskumbura, M., Silva, A., Maduwage, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2008). Puntius reval, a new barb from Sri Lanka(Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Icthyol Explor. Freshwaters, 19(3), pp.141-152.Meegaskumbura, S. & Schneider, C. J., (2008). A taxonomic evaluation of the shrew Suncus montanus (Soricidae:Crocidurinae) of Sri Lanka and India. Cey.J.Sci (Bio.Sci), 37(2), pp.129-136.Meegaskumbura, M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyagoda, R., (2009). Two new species of shrub frogs(Rhacophoridae: Philautus) from the lowlands of Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 2122, pp.51-68.Meegaskumbura, M. et al., (2010). Taruga (Anura:Rhacophoridae), a new genus of form-nesting tree frogs endemicto Sri Lanka. Ceylon Journal of Science. (Bio Science), 39(2), pp.75-94.Meegaskumbura, M. & Manamendra-Arachchi, K., (2011). Two new species of shrub frogs (Rhacophoridae:Pseudophilautus) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa, 2747, pp.1-18.Meijer, W., (1970). Botanical Notes on Ceylon Trees- II. The Sri Lanka Forester, IX(3 & 4), pp. 142-149.Merritt, V. G. & Ranatunga, M. S., (1959). Aerial photographic survey of Sinharaja Forest. The Sri Lanka Forester,New Series IV(2), p.103.Mitchell, R. J. & Tilaekratene, L. K. D., (1980). Understory vegetation structure of the Sinharaja tropical wetevergreen forest type. Sri Lanka Forester, 14(3&4), pp.181-186.Molur, S. & Siliwal, M., (2004). Common names of South Asian Theraphosid spiders (Araneae: Theraphosidae).Zoos’ print journal, 19(10), pp.1657-1662.Murawski, D. A., Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N. & Bawa, K.S., (1994). The effects of selective logging on inbreeding inShorea megistophylla (Dipterocarpaceae) from Sri Lanka. Conservation Biology, 8(4), pp.997-1002.Muttiah, S., (1964). A preliminary study on the distribution growth and propagation of Weniwelgata (Cosciniumfenestratum). The Sri Lanka Forester, 6(3&4), pp.113-120.Nalinda, M. A. K., (1987). Kuruwita-Batadombalena. News Letter of Young Zoologists’ Association, special issue,pp.1-6.Nalinda, M. A. K., (1992). Trip Report of Kukulu Ganga. Panivudaya, pp.5-8.Nandesena, M., (1994). Stemonoporus moonii Thwaites (Family-Dipterocarpaceae). News Letter of YoungZoologists’ Association, 2(3), pp.1-2.363
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Page 335 and 336: Family/ Scientific Name Common name
Page 365 and 366: Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
Page 367 and 368: PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
Page 369 and 370: Threats to angiosperms may range fr
Page 371 and 372: Further, evaluation of the conserva
Page 373 and 374: MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
Page 375 and 376: Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
Page 377 and 378: ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
Page 379 and 380: Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
Page 381 and 382: de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
Page 383 and 384: Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
Page 385: Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
Page 389 and 390: Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
Page 391 and 392: Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
Page 393 and 394: Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
Page 395 and 396: 1. Establishment of a national echi
Page 397 and 398: Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
Page 399 and 400: Provisional checklist of soft coral
Page 401 and 402: Extensive coral growth is limited t
Page 403 and 404: Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
Page 405 and 406: Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
Page 407 and 408: References For Corals Recorded For
Page 409 and 410: Subgenera have generally not been u
Page 411 and 412: Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
Page 413 and 414: Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
Page 415 and 416: Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
Page 417 and 418: Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
Page 419 and 420: Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
Page 421 and 422: DistributionMany Marine species inc
Page 423 and 424: Provisional Check List of the Marin
Page 425 and 426: Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
Page 427 and 428: Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
Page 429 and 430: Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
Page 431 and 432: Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
Page 433 and 434: References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
Page 435 and 436: Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
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ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
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Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
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Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
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Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
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1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
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Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
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Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
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Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
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1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
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Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
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Tropical agricultural research. 20:
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Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
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Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
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Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
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Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
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A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
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Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
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9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
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Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
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Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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