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on agriculture, a mechanism must be established for monitoring the changes in bee diversityand density in specific landscapes.Conclusions and recommendations1. It is necessary to enhance the capacity of bee taxonomists to undertake the much neededtaxonomic revisions on bees of Sri Lanka, through education and training2. It is also important to educate the local communities on the important role played by beesas pollinators and encourage them to actively engage in the conservation of bees3. Develop an user friendly field guide on bees that to enable and popularize the study ofbees4. Prepare an information booklet outlining actions that can be taken to enhance thepopulation of bees5. Introduce agronomic practices that requires a lesser usage of agrochemical that aredetrimental to bees6. Undertake a coordinated programmes to enhance the bee diversity and density, especiallyin agricultural landscapesReferencesBaker, D. B., (1996). Notes on some palearctic and oriental Systropha, with descriptions of new species and a keyto the species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), J. Nat. Hist., 30, pp.1527-1547Bingham, C. T., (1897). The Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma, Hymenoptera Vol. 1, Wasps andBees. London: Taylor and Francis.Dalla Torre, C. G., (1896). Catalogus Hymenopterorum hucusque descriptorum systematicus et synonymicus.X: Aphidae (Anthophilla). Leipzig, pp. 643.Gupta, R. K., (2003). An annotated catalogue of bees of the Indian Region, [online]Available at: Karunaratne, W. A. I. P., (2004). Taxonomy and Ecology of Bees of Sri Lanka. PhD. University of Peradeniya.Karunaratne, W. A. I. P., Edirisinghe, J. P., & Pauly, A., (2005). An updated checklist of bees of Sri Lanka with newrecords - MAB Checklist and Handbook Series. Publication No. 23. Colombo: National Science Foundation.Krombein, K. V. & Norden, B. B., (2001). Notes on trap-nesting Sri Lankan wasps and bees (Hymenoptera: Vespidae,Pompilidae, Sphecidae, Colletidae, Megachilidae), Proc. of the Ent. Soc, 103(2), pp.274-281.Michener, C. D., (2000). The Bees of the World. Baltimore, Maryland, USA: Johns Hopkin University Press.Punchihewa, R. W. K., (1994). Beekeeping for honey production in Sri Lanka: management of Asiatic Hive honeybeeApis cerana in its natural tropical monsoonal environment. Department of Agriculture, Sri Lanka.Roubik, D. W., (1992). Ecology and Natural History of tropical bees. New York: Cambridge University Press.Sakagami, S. F. & Ebmer, P. A., (1987). Taxonomic notes on Oriental halictine bees of the genus Halictus (Subgen.Seladonia) (Hymenoptera Apoidea), Linzer Biol. Beitr, 192, pp.301-357.Sakagami, S. F., Ebmer, A. W. & Tadauchi, O., (1996). The Halictine bees of Sri Lanka and the vicinity. III. Sudila(Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Part 1. Esakia, 36, pp.143-189.Sakagami, S. F., Ebmer, A. W. & Tadauchi, O., (1998). The Halictine bees of Sri Lanka and the vicinity. III. Sudila(Hymenoptera: Halictidae) Part 2. Esakia, 38, pp.55-83.Sakagami, S. F., (1978). Tetragonula stingless bees of the Continental Asia and Sri Lanka (Hymenoptera, Apidae).Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Series VI, Zoology, 21(2), pp.165-247.Sakagami, S. F., (1991). The halictid bees of Sri Lanka and the vicinity. II. Nesohalictus (Hymenoptera: Halictidae).Zool. Sci., 8, pp.169-178.Snelling, R. R., (1980). New bees of the genus Hylaeus from Sri Lanka and India (Hymenoptera: Colletidae).Contributions in Science, (328), pp.1-18.Wijesekara, A., (2001). An annotated list of bees (Hymenoptera:Apodea: Apiformes) of Sri Lanka. Tijdschrift VoorEntomologie, 144, pp.145-158.22
Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri LankaScientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily: ColletidaeHylaeus krombeini Snelling, 1980 CR B2ab(iii)Hylaeus sedens Snelling, 1980 CR B2ab(iii)Family: HalicitidaeAustronomia krombeini Hirashima, 1978 NTAustronomia notiomorpha Hirashima, 1978 NTCeylalictus cereus (Nurse, 1901) EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)Ceylalictus horni (Strand, 1913) CRCeylalictus taprobanae (Cameron, 1897) EN B2ab(iii)Curvinomia formosa (Smith, 1858) EN B2ab(iii)Curvinomia iridiscens (Smith, 1857) EN B2ab(iii)Gnathonomia nasicana Bingham, 1897 EN B2ab(iii)Halictus (Seladonia) lucidipennis Smith, 1853 LCHalictus trincomalicus Cameron, 1903 CR B2ab(iii)Homalictus paradnanus (Strand, 1914) EN B1ab(iii)Homalictus singhalensis (Blüthgen, 1926) CR B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)Hoplonomia westwoodi (Gribodo, 1894) LCLasioglossum (Ctenonomia) amblypygus (Strand, 1913) VU B1ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Ctenonomia) cire (Cameron, 1897) VU B1ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Ctenonomia) clarum (Nurse, 1902) NTLasioglossum (Ctenonomia) semisculptum (Cockerell, 1911) CR B2ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Ctenonomia) semisculptum (Cockerell, 1911) CRLasioglossum (Ctenonomia) vagans (Smith, 1857) VU B1ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Ctenonomia) albescens (Smith, 1853) EN B1ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) carinifrons (Cameron, 1904) LCLasioglossum (Nesohalictus) halictoides (Smith, 1859) VU B1ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Nesohalictus) serenum (Cameron, 1897) LCLasioglossum (Sudila) alphenum (Cameron, 1897) LCLasioglossum (Sudila) aulacophorum (Strand, 1913) EN B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Sudila) bidentatum (Cameron, 1898) CR B1ab(iii)+2ab(iii)Lasioglossum (Sudila) kandiense (Cockerell, 1913) CR B2ab(iii)Lipotriches (Austronomia) ustula (Cockerell, 1911) EN B2ab(iii)Lipotriches austella (Hirashima, 1978) EN B1ab(iii)Lipotriches cromberi (Cockerell, 1911) EN B2ab(iii)Lipotriches edirisinghei Pauly, 2006 VU B1ab(iii)Lipotriches exagens (Walker, 1860) EN B1ab(iii)Lipotriches fulvinerva (Cameron, 1907) ENLipotriches pulchriventris (Cameron, 1897) CR B2ab(iii)Lipotriches sp nr. Comperta (Cockerell, 1912) CR B2ab(iii)Nomia (Hoplonomia) strigata (Fabricius, 1793) CR B2ab(iii)Nomia biroi Friese, 1913 EN B1ab(iii)Nomia butteli Friese, 1913 CR B2ab(iii)Nomia crassipes Fabricius 1798 NTNomia crassiuscula Friese, 1913 CR B2ab(iii)23
Page 3 and 4: The National Red List 2012of Sri La
Page 5: Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
Page 8 and 9: Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
Page 10 and 11: FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
Page 12 and 13: Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
Page 14 and 15: AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
Page 16 and 17: AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
Page 18 and 19: Message of the Secretary, Ministry
Page 20 and 21: Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
Page 22 and 23: Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
Page 25 and 26: The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
Page 27 and 28: Changes in water sources, such as d
Page 29 and 30: Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
Page 31 and 32: Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
Page 33 and 34: Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
Page 37 and 38: fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
Page 39 and 40: Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
Page 41 and 42: Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
Page 45: L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
Page 49 and 50: Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
Page 51 and 52: DistributionThe distribution of but
Page 53 and 54: Another threat of increasing import
Page 55 and 56: van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
Page 67 and 68: DistributionSpiders are found in al
Page 69 and 70: Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
Page 83 and 84: ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
Page 85 and 86: ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
Page 87 and 88: Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
Page 91 and 92: ConservationSurvival of highly dive
Page 93 and 94: Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
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PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
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Threats to angiosperms may range fr
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Further, evaluation of the conserva
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MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
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Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
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ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
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Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
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de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
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Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
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Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
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Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
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Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
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Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
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Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
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1. Establishment of a national echi
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Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
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Provisional checklist of soft coral
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Extensive coral growth is limited t
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Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
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Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
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References For Corals Recorded For
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Subgenera have generally not been u
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Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
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Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
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Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
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Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
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Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
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DistributionMany Marine species inc
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Provisional Check List of the Marin
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Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
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Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
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Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
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Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
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References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
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Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
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ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
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Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
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Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
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Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
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1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
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Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
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Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
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Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
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1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
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Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
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Tropical agricultural research. 20:
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Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
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Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
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Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
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Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
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A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
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Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
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9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
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Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
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Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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