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Family: EmmelichthyidaeParexocoetus mento (Valenciennes, 1846) 11, 21Plagiogeneion rubiginosum (Hutton, 1875) Prognichthys brevipinnis (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Family: EngraulididaeFamily: FistulariidaeCoilia dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1847) 11, 23Fistularia commersonii (Ruppell, 1835)Coilia neglecta (Whitehead, 1968) 1Fistularia petimba (Lacepede, 1803) 1Encrasicholina devisi (Whitly) 1Encrasicholina heteroloba (Ruppell, 1873) 1Family: GadidaeEncrasicholina punctifer Fowler, 1938 1Physiculus peregrinus (Gunther, 1872) 18Setipinna taty (Valenciennes, 1848) 1Stolephorus commersonnii Lacepede, 1803 1Family: GempylidaeStolephorus indicus (van Hasselt, 1823) 1Gempylus serpens (Cuvier, 1829) 1Stolephorus insularis Hardenberg, 1933 1Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Smith, 1849) 1Stolephorus waitei Jordan and Seale, 1926 1Neoepinnula orientalis (Gilchrist and von Bond, 1924) 1Thryssa baelama (Forsskal, 1775) 1Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker, 1856) 1Thryssa dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1848) 1Ruvettus pretiosus Cocco, 1829 1Thryssa encrasicholoides (Bleeker, 1852) 1Thryssa gautamiensis Babu Rao, 1971 1Family: GerreidaeThryssa hamiltonii (Gray, 1835) 11, 21Gerres erythrourus (Bloch, 1791)Thryssa malabarica (Bloch, 1795) 11, 21Gerres longirostris (Lacepède, 1801)Thryssa mystax (Schneider, 1801) 1Gerres filamentosus (Cuvier, 1829) 1Thryssa polybranchialis Wongratana, 1983 11, 21Gerres limbatus Cuvier, 1830Thryssa purava (Hamilton-Buchanan, 1822) 1Gerres oblongus (Cuvier, 1830) 1Thryssa setirostris (Broussonet, 1782) 1Gerres oyena (Forsskal, 1775) 11, 21Thryssa vitrirostris (Gilchrist & Thompson, 1908) Pentaprion longimanus (Cantor, 1850) 1Family: EphippidaeFamily: GobiidaeEphippus orbis (Bloch, 1787) 1Acentrogobius caninus (Valennciennes, 1837) 191, 5, 7Platax orbicularis (Forsskal, 1775)Acentrogobius masoni (Day, 1873) 19Platax teira (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 5Acentrogobius viridipunctatus (Valennciennes, 1837) 19Platax pinnatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 5, 919, 20Alburnus arborella (Bonaparte 1841)Amblyeleotris spp. 2Family: EpigonidaeAmblyeleotris diagonalis Polunin & Lubbock, 1979 518, 21Epigonus robustus (Barnard, 1927) Amblyeleotris steinitzi (Klausewitz, 1974) 5Epigonus telescopus (Risso, 1810) 1821, 22Amblyeleotris periophthalma (Bleeker, 1853)Amblyeleotris wheeleri (Polunin & Lubbock, 1977) 22Family: ExocoetidaeAmblygobius hectori (Smith, 1957) 5Cheilopogon atrisignis (Jenkins, 1904) 1Amblygobius nocturnus (Herre, 1945) 22Cheilopogon cyanopterus (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Amblygobius semicinctus (Bennett, 1833) 22Cheilopogon furcatus (Mitchill, 1815) 1Asterropteryx semipunctatus Rüppell, 1830 22Cheilopogon nigricans (Bennett, 1846) 1Asterropteryx spp.Cheilopogon spilopterus (Valenciennes, 1846) 21Bathygobius fuscus (Rupell, 1830)Cheilopogon suttoni (Whitley and Colefax, 1938) 19119, 201, 21Bostrychus sinensis Lacepède, 1801Cheilopogon katoptron (Bleeker, 1865)Cypselurus naresii (Gunther, 1889) 1Bryaniops spp. 2Cypselurus oligolepis (Bleeker, 1866) 119, 21Butis butis (Hamilton, 1822)Cypselurus opisthopus (Bleeker, 1866) 119, 20Butis koilomatodon (Bleeker, 1849)Cypselurus poecilopterus (Valenciennes, 1846) 1 Callogobius mannarensis Rangarajan 1968 22Exocoetus monocirrhus Richardson, 1846 1Callogobius hasselti (Bleeker, 1851) 22Exocoetus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) 1Callogobius spp. 2Hirundichthys coromandelensis (Hornell, 1923) 12, 22Cryptocentrus cryptocentrus (Valenciennes, 1837)Hirundichthys oxycephalus (Bleeker, 1857) 1Cryptocentrus caeruleomaculatus (Herre, 1933) 22Hirundichthys speculiger (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Cryptocentrus cinctus (Herre, 1936) 22Parexocoetus brachypterus (Richardson, 1846) 1 Ctenogobius aurocingulus (Herre, 1935) 22418
Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commersonnii (Lacepede, 1802) 119, 20Eleotris fusca (Forster, 1801) Pomadasys furcatus (Schneider, 1801) 120, 21, 22Exyrias belissimus (Smith, 1959) Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier, 1830) 11, 2119, 21Eviota zonura Jordan & Seale, 1906 Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1797)Fusigobius sp. 5Pomadasys multimaculatum (Playfair, 1866) 11, 2119, 20Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton, 1822)Pomadasys olivaceus (Day, 1875)Gnatholepis spp. 221, 22Pomadasys guoraca (Cuvier, 1829)Gobiodon citrinus (Rüppell, 1838) 520, 21, 22Gobiodon quinquestrigatus (Valenciennes, 1837)Family: HalosauridaeGobiodon atrangulatus Garman, 1903 221, 21Aldrovandia affinis (Günther, 1877)19, 21Gobiodon rivulatus (Rüppell, 1830)Family: HemiramphidaeIstigobius spp. 2Euleptorhamphus viridis (van Hasselt, 1823)Istigobius decoratus (Herre, 1927) 18519, 21, 22Hemiramphus archipelagicus Collette and Parin, 1978lstigobius ornatus (Rüppell, 1830) 1Hemiramphus far (Forsskal, 1775)Oligolepis acutipennis (Valenciennes, 1837) 119Hemiramphus lutkei (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Ophiocara porocephala (Valenciennes, 1837) 19Hyporhamphus limbatus (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Oplopomus oplopomus (Valenciennes, 1837) 22Hyporhamphus dussumieri (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Oxyurichthys microlepis (Bleeker, 1849) 19Hyporhamphus quoyi (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Oxyurichthys tentacularis (Valenciennes, 1837) 19Rhynchorhamphus georgii (Valenciennes, 1846) 1Paragobiodon echinocephalus (Rüppell, 1830) 22Rhynchorhamphus malabaricus Collette, 1976 1Paragobiodon lacunicolus (Kendall & Goldsborough,20, 221911)Family: Holocentridae19, 21Periophthalmus barbarus (Linnaeus, 1766)19, 21 Myripristis kuntee (Cuvier, 1831)Periophthalmus argentilineatus Valenciennes 1837 11, 2119, 21Pleurosicya bilobata (Koumans, 1941)Myripristis botche Cuvier, 18292, 5, 1019, 21Priolepis semidoliata (Valenciennes, 1837)Myripristis adusta (Bleeker, 1853)19, 20Psammogobius biocellatus (Valenciennes, 1837) Myripristis berndti Jordan & Evermann, 1903 519, 21Pseudogobius javanicus (Bleeker, 1856) Myripristis murdjan (Forsskål, 1775) 519, 21Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas, 1770) Myripristis chryseres Jordan & Evermann, 1903 1019, 21Stenogobius gymnopomus (Bleeker, 1853) Myripristis botche Cuvier, 1829 1019, 21Stigmatogobius sadanundio (Hamilton, 1822) Myripristis pralinia Cuvier, 1829 10Valenciennea helsdingenii (Bleeker, 1858) 5Myripristis violacea Bleeker, 1851 10Valenciennea puellaris (Tomiyama, 1956) 5Neoniphon samara (Forsskal, 1775) 2, 5Valenciennea sexguttata (Valenciennes, 1837) 5 Neoniphon opercularis (Valenciennes, 1831) 22Valenciennea strigata (Broussonet, 1782) 5Sargocentron diadema (Lacepede, 1803) 1, 520, 22Valenciennea longipinnis (Lay & Bennett, 1839) Sargocentron punctatissimum (Cuvier, 1829) 1Valenciennea muralis (Valenciennes, 1837) 22Sargocentron rubrum (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 520, 22Valenciennea helsdingenii (Bleeker, 1858) Sargocentron spiniferum (Forsskal, 1775) 1, 5Sargocentron caudimaculatum (Rüppell, 1838) 2, 5Family: Gonostomidae18, 21Phosichthys argenteus Hutton, 1872 Family: Istiophoridae18, 201, 6, 13, 14Polymetme corythaeola (Alcock, 1898) Istiophorus platypterus (Shaw and Nodder, 1792)1, 13, 14Makaira indica (Cuvier, 1832)13, 14Family: HaemulidaeMakaira mazara (Jordan & Snyder, 1901)1, 5, 211, 21Diagramma pictum (Thunberg, 1792) Tetrapturus angustirostris Tanaka, 19151, 141, 13, 14Plectorhinchus ceylonensis (Smith, 1956) Tetrapturus audax (Philippi, 1889)Plectorhinchus gibbosus (Lacepede, 1802) 11, 21Plectorhinchus schotaf (Forsskål, 1775) Family: KuhliidaePlectorhinchus lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1, 7Kuhlia mugil (Forste, 1801) 1Plectorhinchus vittatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1, 5Kuhlia rupestris (Lacepede, 1802) 1Plectorhinchus albovittatus (Ruppel, 1838) 5, 9Plectorhinchus orientalis (Linnaeus, 1758) 7Family: KurtidaePomadasys argenteus (Forsskal, 1775) 1Kurtus indicus Bloch, 1786 1Pomadasys argyreus (Valenciennes, 1833) 1419
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
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PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
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Threats to angiosperms may range fr
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Further, evaluation of the conserva
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MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
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Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
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ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
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Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
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de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
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Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
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Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
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Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
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Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
Page 391 and 392: Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
Page 393 and 394: Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
Page 395 and 396: 1. Establishment of a national echi
Page 397 and 398: Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
Page 399 and 400: Provisional checklist of soft coral
Page 401 and 402: Extensive coral growth is limited t
Page 403 and 404: Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
Page 405 and 406: Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
Page 407 and 408: References For Corals Recorded For
Page 409 and 410: Subgenera have generally not been u
Page 411 and 412: Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
Page 413 and 414: Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
Page 415 and 416: Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
Page 417 and 418: Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
Page 419 and 420: Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
Page 421 and 422: DistributionMany Marine species inc
Page 423 and 424: Provisional Check List of the Marin
Page 425 and 426: Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
Page 427 and 428: Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
Page 429 and 430: Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
Page 431 and 432: Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
Page 433 and 434: References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
Page 435 and 436: Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
Page 437 and 438: ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
Page 439 and 440: Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
Page 441: Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
Page 445 and 446: 1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
Page 447 and 448: Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
Page 449 and 450: Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
Page 451 and 452: Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
Page 453 and 454: 1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
Page 455 and 456: Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
Page 457 and 458: Tropical agricultural research. 20:
Page 459 and 460: Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
Page 461 and 462: Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
Page 463 and 464: Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
Page 465 and 466: Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
Page 467 and 468: A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
Page 469 and 470: Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
Page 471 and 472: 9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
Page 473 and 474: Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
Page 475 and 476: Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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