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Family/ Scientific Name Common name NCS Criteria GCS CriteriaEria lindleyi Thw. NTEria thwaitesii Trimen ENEria tricolor Thw. ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Erythrodes latiloba Ormerod VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Eulophia spectabilis (Dennst.) Suresh VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Eulophia epidendraea (J. Köenig exRetz.) C. E. C. FischerEulophia graminea Lindl. ENLCB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Eulophia pulchra (Thouars) Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Eulophia zollingeri (Rchb.f.) J.J.Sm.ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Flickingeria macraei (Lindl.) Seidenf. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Gastrochilus acaulis (Lindl.) Kuntze NTGastrodia zeylanica Schltr. CRB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Geodorum densiflorum (Lam.) Schltr. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Geodorum recurvum (Roxb.) Alston DDGoodyera fumata Thw. CRB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Goodyera procera (Ker-Gawl.) Hook. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Goodyera stelidifera Ormerod. DDHabenaria acuminata (Thw.) Trimen. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Habenaria barbata Wight ex Hook.f. EN B2ab(i,ii,iii)Habenaria crinifera Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Habenaria dichopetala Thw. ENHabenaria dolichostachya Thw. CRB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Habenaria macrostachya Lindl. VU B1ab(I,ii,iii)Habenaria plantaginea Lindl. E: Pigeon Orchid NTHabenaria pterocarpa Thw. ENHabenaria rhynchocarpa (Thw.) Trimen ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)296
Family/ Scientific Name Common name NCS Criteria GCS CriteriaHabenaria roxburghii Nicolson. ENHabenaria viridiflora (Sw.) Spreng. NTB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Hetaeria oblongifolia Blume. ENIpsea speciosa Lindley E: Daffodil Orchid ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)A2d;B2ab(i,ii,iii)Liparis caespitosa (Lam.) Lindley VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Liparis atropurpurea Lindley ENLiparis barbata Lindley CRLiparis brachyglottis Reichb.f. exTrimen.ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)B1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Liparis cespitosa (Lam.) Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Liparis elliptica Wight DDLiparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindley VUB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Liparis thwaitesii Hook.f. DDLiparis viridiflora Lindley NTLiparis walkeriae R. Graham. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Liparis wightiana Thw. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Luisia birchea Blume Rumhia. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Luisia zeylanica Lindl. LCMalaxis densiflora (A.Rich.) Kuntze ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Malaxis discolor (Lindley) Kuntze VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Malaxis thwaitesii Bennet. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Malaxis versicolor (Lindley) Abeywick. LCNervilia juliana (Roxb.) Schlechter DDOberonia claviloba Jayaweera ENB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)Oberonia dolabrata Jayaweera CR B2ab(i,ii,iii)Oberonia forcipata Lindl. VU B1ab(i,ii,iii)Oberonia fornicata Jayaweera CRB1ab(i,ii,iii)+2ab(i,ii,iii)297
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Page 269 and 270: Family/ Scientific Name Common name
Page 319: Family/ Scientific Name Common name
Page 365 and 366: Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
Page 367 and 368: PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
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Further, evaluation of the conserva
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MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
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Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
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ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
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Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
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de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
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Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
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Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the f
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Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
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Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
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Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
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Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
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1. Establishment of a national echi
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Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
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Provisional checklist of soft coral
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Extensive coral growth is limited t
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Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
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Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
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References For Corals Recorded For
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Subgenera have generally not been u
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Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
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Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
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Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
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Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
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Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
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DistributionMany Marine species inc
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Provisional Check List of the Marin
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Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
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Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
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Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
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Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
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References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
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Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
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ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
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Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
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Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
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Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
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1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
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Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
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Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
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Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
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1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
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Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
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Tropical agricultural research. 20:
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Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
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Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
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Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
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Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
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A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
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Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
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9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
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Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
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Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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