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Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., Dassanayake, M. D., Gunatilleke, C. V. S., Wijesundara, S. & Amarasingha, A. A. L., (1882).Phytsociological studies at Hinidumkanda (Haycock): a lowland rainforest In Sri Lanka and Its endemic treeflora. (Unpublished report).Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N. & Gunatilleke, C. V. S., (1983). Conservation of natural forests in Sri Lanka. Sri LankaForester, 16(1), pp. 39-56.Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., (1985a). Floristics of the lowland wet zone forests of Sri Lanka. The Sri Lanka Forester, NewSeries XVII(1&2), pp.12-19.Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., (1985b). Floristics of the lowland wet zone forest of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Forester, 17(1&2),pp. 12-20.Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N. & Gunatilleke, C. V. S., (1990). Distribution of floristic richness and its conservation in SriLanka. Conservation Biology, 4(1), pp. 21-31.Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N. & Gunatilleke, C. V. S., (1991). Threatened woody endemics of the wet lowlands of Sri Lankaand their conservation. Biological Conservation, 55(1), pp. 17-36.Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., Karunaratne, P. B. & Gunatilleke, C. V. S., (1995). Status of natural habitats in relation to theherpetofauna of Sri Lanka. Lyriocephalus, 1(1&2), pp.71-80.Gunatilleke, I. A. U. N., Gunatilleke, C. V. S. and Dilhan, M. A. A. B., (2005), Plant biogeography and conservationof South-Westen hill forests of Sri Lanka. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 12, pp.9–22.Hausdorf, B. & Perera, K. K., (2000). Revision of the genus Acavus from Sri Lanka (Gastropoda: Acavidae). Jour.Moll.Stud, 66, pp.217-231.Herath, N. D., Rathnayake, N. D. & Hewamathes, K. K., (2001). Some observation on the amphibians in UdawattakeleSanctuary, Kandy. Lyriocephalus, 4(1&2), pp.116-120.Hettiarachchi, D. K. et al., (2010a). Knowledge attitude and traditional beliefs on geckoes at Mihintale: The BiologicalDiversity of Mihintale: With special reference to its Herpetofauna. Lyriocephalus Special issue, 07(1&2), p.105-106.Hettiarachchi, D. K. et al., (2010b). The Gecko Diversity of the Mihintale Sanctuary, Sri Lanka: The BiologicalDiversity of Mihintale: With special reference to its Herpetofauna. Lyriocephalus Special issue, 07(1&2), p.33.Hettiarachi, S., Sooriyaarachchi, S., Seen, D. L., Sumanawathi, S. L. & Jayatissa, L. P., (2003). Attributing thechanges of the mangrove cover at Kalametiya to increased freshwater inflow over a few decades. In: Sri LankaAssociation for the Advancement of Science, 59 th Annual Session Sri Lanka Association for the Advancementof Science, Part 1. Colombo, Sri Lanka. Colombo: Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science,(Abstracts), p.153.Hettige, U. S. B. et al., (2000). Fauna of Gal Oya National Park. Sri Lanka Naturalist, 3(4), pp.55-60.Hitinayake, G., Peris, C. & Ekanayake, U., (1999). Nature on the Lake, will the Kandy Lake retain its beauty? Loris,Journal of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society of Sri Lanka, 22(1), pp.19-21.Hoffmann, T. W., (1973). The Gal Oya National Park. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society ofSri Lanka, 13(2), pp.69-79.Hoffmann, T. W., (1976). Emergency- Wilpattu. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature Protection Society of SriLanka, 14(2), pp.101-104.Hoffmann, T. W., (1979). Visit to Handapanella Plains (4000 ft.). Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature ProtectionSociety of Sri Lanka, 15(2), pp.67-70.Hoffmann, T. W., (1987). Report on Wilpattu National Park. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and Nature ProtectionSociety of Sri Lanka, 17(5), pp.195-202.Holmes, C. H., (1956a). The broad pattern of Climate and Vegetational distribution in Ceylon. The Ceylon Forester,II(4 new series), pp. 209- 225.Holmes, C. H., (1956b). The Natural regeneration of the wet and dry evergreen forests of Ceylon. The CeylonForester, II(4 new series), pp. 153- 164.IUCN/FAO., (1997). Designing an Optimum Protected Areas System For Sri Lanka’s Natural Forests, Vol: 2. IUCNand FAO.IUCNSL & Forest Department., (1993). Management plan for the conservation of the Sinharaja forest.Phse-2(Unpublished report).IUCNSL & Forest Department., (1994). Management plan for the conservation of the Knuckles forest.Phse-2(Unpublished report).IUCN Sri Lanka country office., (2005). Report on the Status of Biodiversity in Dedduwa Area. Colombo: IUCN SriLanka.360
Jansen, M., (1981). Villus of the floodplains of the Mahaweli Ganga. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and NatureProtection Society of Sri Lanka, 15(6), pp.337-340, 359.Jansen, M., (1987). Wetland Habitats of the Mahaweli Ganga Floodplain. Loris, Journal of the Wildlife and NatureProtection Society of Sri Lanka, 17(5), pp.186-191.Jansen, M., (1991). Kalu Ganga Multi-purpose Project: Ecological and Environmental concern. Loris, Journal of theWildlife and Nature Protection Society of Sri Lanka, 19 (4), pp.127- 131.Jayasingam, T., (1998a). Transformation dynamics of the Damana Grasslands, Sri Lanka: field study and a modelsynthesis. Sri Lanka Forester, 23(1&2), pp.4-17.Jayasingam, T., (1998b). Vegetation of Wasgomuwa National Park: analysis of the riverine vegetation. Sri LankaForester, 23(1&2), pp.36-50.Jayasinghe, C., Wijesundara, D. S. A., Tennekoon, K. U. & Marambe, B., (2004). Cuscuta species in lowlands of SriLanka, their host range & host-parasite association. Tropical Agricultural Research, 16, pp.223-241.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1984a). Flora of Ritigala Natural Reserve. The Sri Lanka Forester, new series XVI(3 & 4),pp.61-156.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1984b). Flora of Ritigala Strict Natural Reserve. Sri Lanka Forester, 16(3&4), pp.61-155.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1985a). Seminar on the wet zone forest of Sri Lanka. The Sri Lanka Forester, XVII(1&2 NewSeries), pp. 3-5.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1985b). Seminar on the wet zone forest of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka Forester, 17(1&2), pp.3-5.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1991). Review of the flora and phytosociology of Ritigala Strict Natural Reserve and somesuggestions for its conservation and management. Sri Lanka Forester, 20(1&2), pp.51-58.Jayasuriya, A. H. M. et al., (1993). Phytsociological studies of mid- elavational (lower montane) evergreen mixedforests in Sri Lanka. In: International and Interdisciplinary Symposium on Ecology and landscape managementin Sri Lanka, pp.79-94.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1995). National conservation review: The discovery of extinct plants in Sri Lanka. Ambio,24(5), pp.313-316.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1996). Two new plant species records from Sri Lanka. Journal of South Asian natural history,2(1), pp.43-48.Jayasuriya, A. H. M., (1998). A new species of Diospyros (Ebanaceae) from Sri Lanka. Journal of South Asiannatural history, 3(1), pp.55-58.Jayasuriya, A. H. M. & Vaughan, D. A. eds., (2003). Conservation and use of crop wild relatives, Proceedings of thejoint Department of Agriculture, Sri Lanka and National Institute of Agrobiological Science, Japan. Peradeniya,Sri Lanka, 3 rd February 2003, Peradeniya: Plant genetic resource center.Jayaweera, D. M. A., (1981a). Medicinal Plants, Part 1. Colombo 07: The National Science Council of Sri Lanka.Jayaweera, D. M. A., (1981b). Medicinal Plants, Part 3. Colombo 07: The National Science Council of Sri Lanka.Jayaweera, D. M. A., (1982a). Medicinal Plants, Part 4. Colombo 07: The National Science Council of Sri Lanka.Jayaweera, D. M. A., (1982b). Medicinal Plants, Part 5. Colombo 07: The National Science Council of Sri Lanka.Jayawickrama, A. & Bandara, W. M. N., (1995). Preliminary observations on amphibians and reptiles at Ritigala, SriLanka. Lyriocephalus, 2(1&2), pp.58-59.Jayawickrama, A., (1994). Amphibians and Reptiles observed at Galekanda, Panwilatenna. Lyriocephalus, 1(1&2),pp.60-61.Jayawickrama, D. L. D., Nathanael, E. S. & de Silva, A., (2010). Observations on Geochelone elegans in the MihintaleSantuary: The Biological Diversity of Mihintale: With special reference to its Herpetofauna. LyriocephalusSpecial issue, 07(1&2), p.73.Kapurusinghe, T., (2000). Some aspect of the Biodiversity of the Kaduru Doova Mangroove Forest. Sri LankaNaturalist, 3(1), pp.7-13.Karunaratne, D. M. S. S. & Amarasinghe, A. T. T., (2009). Common skink Eutropis carinata (Reptilia: scincidae)feeding on endemic semi-slug Ratnadvipia irradians (Limacoidea: Ariophantidae). Taprobanica, 1(2), pp.135-136.Karunaratne, D. M. S. S., Amarasinghe, A. A. T. & Stockle, E., (2009). Taxonomic and biological studies on Calotesceylonensis, Muller 1887 (Reptilia: Agamidae) of Sri Lanka. Bonner Zoologische Beitrage, 56(4), pp.229-238.Karunaratne, D. M. S. S., Amarasinghe, A. A. T., Nawaratne, M. A. J. S., (2009). A review of the distribution andconservation status of Chamaeleo zeylanicus Laurenti, 1768 (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae) in North-Western, SriLanka. Taprobanica, 1(2), pp.115-122.361
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The National Red List 2012of Sri La
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Table of ContentsList of Abbreviati
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Red listing TeamSupervision and Gui
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FloraHigher PlantsParticipants of E
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Mr. Gayan ChathurangaMr. Imesh Nuwa
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AntsProf. Sriyani DiasMs. Anuradha
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AcknowledgementsThe National Red Li
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Message of the Secretary, Ministry
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Dung beetles 103 21Bivalves 287Gast
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Preparation of the 2012 Red ListDak
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The Taxonomy and Conservation Statu
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Changes in water sources, such as d
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Table 01: List of Dragonflies in Sr
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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Scientific Name Common Name NSG Cri
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fauna in the nearby forests. Furthe
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Table 02: List of Ants in Sri Lanka
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Scientific Name Common Name NCS Cri
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L. (Sudila) aulacophorum, and L. (E
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Table 03 : List of Bees in Sri Lank
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Scientific Name NCS CriteriaFamily:
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DistributionThe distribution of but
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Another threat of increasing import
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van der Poorten, G. & van der Poort
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DistributionSpiders are found in al
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Table 05: List of Spiders in Sri La
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ThreatsSri Lanka’s aquatic habita
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ReferencesADB, (2003). Sri Lanka: e
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Table 06: List of Freshwater Crabs
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ConservationSurvival of highly dive
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Table 07: List of Land Snails in Sr
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fish species such as Chitala chital
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Pethiyagoda, R., (1991). Freshwater
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of the original forest cover has no
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Pounds, J. A., Bustamante, M. R., C
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The crocodile populations are under
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Murphy, J.C., and Voris, H.K. (2005
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Family: ViperidaeScientific Name Co
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espectively). Further, Halcyonidae
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AOU., (2005). Forty-sixth supplemen
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Several Sri Lankan mammals are repr
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Phillips, W. W. A., (1935). Manual
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Analysis of Faunal GroupsDevaka Wee
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Table 2. The geographic distributio
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TaxonomyThe present knowledge of pt
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ThreatsVast majority of pteridophyt
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Ranil, R.H.G., Pushpakumara, D.K.N.
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Table 14: List of Pteridophytes in
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Family/ Scientific Name Common name
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Present Status of Dry-zone Flora in
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Figure 1. Tropical semi-deciduous f
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Prominent plant families in dry for
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According to the plant records avai
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is very likely to devastate this ec
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Present status of Lowland Wet Zone
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DistributionHigh degree of endemism
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- Taxonomic research on closely rel
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Present Status of Montane Forests i
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Death of trees in the montane fores
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Conservation of our mountain forest
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(saltpans, reservoirs, gravel/brick
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category (CR); three under Endanger
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and eutrophication (due to agricult
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IAS list (Eichhornia crassipes). Th
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- With the introduction of exotic a
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Present Status of Mangroves in Sri
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decades, aiming at increasing the u
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Currently, at a global level, new k
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Conservation prioritiesIn order to
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Table 15: Summary of the Status of
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Family EX EWCR(PE)CR EN VU NT DD LC
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Page 333 and 334: Family/ Scientific Name Common name
Page 365 and 366: Distribution of Endemic Angiosperm
Page 367 and 368: PortulacaceaePotamogetonaceae (Rupp
Page 369 and 370: Threats to angiosperms may range fr
Page 371 and 372: Further, evaluation of the conserva
Page 373 and 374: MOE: Ministry of Environment, DWC:
Page 375 and 376: Area of focusResponsibleInstitution
Page 377 and 378: ReferencesAbayarathna, M. G. T., Ma
Page 379 and 380: Bingham, C. T., (1903). The fauna o
Page 381 and 382: de Silva, A. & Dawundasekara, D. M.
Page 383: Goonatilake, W. L. D. P. T. S. de A
Page 387 and 388: Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Pethiyago
Page 389 and 390: Pradeep, D. M. N., (2001). Amphibia
Page 391 and 392: Singh, L. A. K., Acharjyo, L. N. &
Page 393 and 394: Werner, W.L., (1986). Monaragala -
Page 395 and 396: 1. Establishment of a national echi
Page 397 and 398: Provisional Checklist of Crinoidea,
Page 399 and 400: Provisional checklist of soft coral
Page 401 and 402: Extensive coral growth is limited t
Page 403 and 404: Rajasuriya A. 1994. Three genera an
Page 405 and 406: Tubastrea micrantha Ehrenberg, 1834
Page 407 and 408: References For Corals Recorded For
Page 409 and 410: Subgenera have generally not been u
Page 411 and 412: Family: SiliquariidaeTenagodus angu
Page 413 and 414: Haustellum haustellum (Linnaeus, 17
Page 415 and 416: Terebra subulata Linnaeus, 1767 *Te
Page 417 and 418: Crassostrea cf. madrasensis (Presto
Page 419 and 420: Paphia sp. 1*Paphia sp. 2*Paphia sp
Page 421 and 422: DistributionMany Marine species inc
Page 423 and 424: Provisional Check List of the Marin
Page 425 and 426: Family: ArgissidaeArgissa hamatipes
Page 427 and 428: Macrobrachium malcomsoni 4Expalaemo
Page 429 and 430: Dromia dehanni 14Sponge crabDromiop
Page 431 and 432: Thalamita picta 2Thalamita prymna 1
Page 433 and 434: References1 W. A. Herdman, 1903-6.
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Provisional Checklist of Marine fis
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ReferencesDe Bruin, G. H. P., Russe
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Family: AriommatidaeEcsenius bicolo
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Chaetodon mertensii Cuvier, 1831 5N
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Ctenogobiops spp. 2Pomadasys commer
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1, 14Lethrinus nebulosus (Forsskal,
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Family: NeoscopelidaeNeoscopelus ma
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Family: PseudochromidaeProtonibea d
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Family StromateidaePampus argenteus
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1, 17Family: GymnuridaeNarcine brun
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Provisional Checklist of the Leafho
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Tropical agricultural research. 20:
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Goniagnathus (T.) puntifer (Walker)
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Alebroides nigroscutellata (Distant
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Balthasar (1963), ScarabNet, the Sc
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Forest dwelling dung beetles may be
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A Provisional Checklist of Dung Bee
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Records of Centipede Fauna In Sri L
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9). Scolopendra morsitans Linnaeus,
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Haase E. (1887) "Die Indisch-Austra
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Data Deficient (DD)A taxon is Data
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