The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
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Amphibians <strong>and</strong> <strong>pesticides</strong><br />
Age Sex Season Mean SD/SE Units Min. Max. N Country Habitat Notes Reference<br />
Adult F - 40.91 0.41 SE mm SVL 34.8 47.2 72 Sweden,<br />
Norway,<br />
Denmark,<br />
Finl<strong>and</strong><br />
Adult M All<br />
year<br />
Adult F All<br />
Museum<br />
specimens<br />
Tail length 34.81±0.39<br />
SE (range26.7-41.9)<br />
Malmgren <strong>and</strong><br />
Thollesson (1999)<br />
36 3 SD mm SVL - - Italy Mountain Reproductive Fasola <strong>and</strong> Canova<br />
(1992)<br />
39 3 SD mm SVL - - - Italy Mountain Reproductive Fasola <strong>and</strong> Canova<br />
year<br />
(1992)<br />
Adult M - 35.2 2.26 mm SVL - - 24 Italy Xeric, coastal Pond C. Data are for Nobili <strong>and</strong> Accordi<br />
SD<br />
Triturus vulgaris<br />
merdionalis.<br />
(1997)<br />
Adult M - 34.7 2.41 mm SVL - - 93 Italy Xeric, coastal Pond D. Data are for Nobili <strong>and</strong> Accordi<br />
SD<br />
Triturus vulgaris<br />
merdionalis.<br />
(1997)<br />
Adult M - 40.3 1.85 mm SVL - - 34 Italy Xeric, coastal Pond F. Data are for Nobili <strong>and</strong> Accordi<br />
SD<br />
Triturus vulgaris<br />
merdionalis.<br />
(1997)<br />
Adult F - 36.2 1.75 mm SVL - - 20 Italy Xeric, coastal Pond C. Data are for Nobili <strong>and</strong> Accordi<br />
SD<br />
Triturus vulgaris<br />
merdionalis.<br />
(1997)<br />
Adult F - 35.3 2.72 mm SVL - - 54 Italy Xeric, coastal Pond D. Data are for Nobili <strong>and</strong> Accordi<br />
SD<br />
Triturus vulgaris<br />
merdionalis.<br />
(1997)<br />
Adult F - 42.05 2.55 mm SVL - - 26 Italy Xeric, coastal Pond F. Data are for Nobili <strong>and</strong> Accordi<br />
SD<br />
Triturus vulgaris<br />
merdionalis.<br />
(1997)<br />
Adult M - 37.3 2.54 mm SVL - - 63 Irel<strong>and</strong> - February-June.<br />
Marnell (1996)<br />
SD<br />
Tail length 46.3 (3.85<br />
SD)<br />
Adult F - 38.7 2.72 mm SVL - - 39 Irel<strong>and</strong> - February-June.<br />
Marnell (1996)<br />
SD<br />
Tail length 42.1 (3.135<br />
SD)<br />
Adult M - 83.80 4.4 SD mm <strong>to</strong>tal 75 95 63 Irel<strong>and</strong> - February-June Marnell (1996)<br />
Adult F - 80.85 4.9 SD mm <strong>to</strong>tal 71 90 39 Irel<strong>and</strong> - February-June Marnell (1996)<br />
Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 144<br />
<strong>The</strong> present document has been produced <strong>and</strong> adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context <strong>of</strong> a contract between the European Food<br />
Safety Authority <strong>and</strong> the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. <strong>The</strong> present document is published complying with the transparency principle <strong>to</strong> which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an<br />
output adopted by the Authority. <strong>The</strong> European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view <strong>and</strong> position as regards the issues addressed <strong>and</strong> the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice <strong>to</strong> the<br />
rights <strong>of</strong> the authors.
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