The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians

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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibians and pesticides Test material Species Stage Temp. (°C) 1912249 Atrazine 80 Formulation Ptychadena bibroni 1912249 Atrazine 80 Formulation Ptychadena bibroni 1912249 Atrazine 80 Formulation Ptychadena bibroni Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 44 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Test type Tadpoles 30±2 Semistatic- renewal Tadpoles 30±2 Semistatic- renewal Tadpoles 30±2 Semistaticrenewal Dura tion (h) LC50 (mg/L) LC50 based on 96 0.184 Active ingredient 96 0.245 Active ingredient 96 0.345 Active ingredient 1912249 Atrazine 98 Technical Rana Tadpoles 15 NR 96 >16 Active catesbeiana ingredient 1912249 Atrazine 48.5 Formulation Rana Tadpoles 15 NR 96 >480 Formulatio catesbeiana n 1912249 Atrazine 98 Technical Rhinella Tadpoles 20±2 Renewal 96 27.16 Active arenarum ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo marinus Larvae 22 Static 96 13.43 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo marinus Larvae 22 Static 96 21.54 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo marinus Larvae 22 Static 96 5.35 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo marinus Larvae 22 Static 96 5.72 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo marinus Larvae 22 Static 96 7.87 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo quercicus Tadpoles 21 NR 96 11.34 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo quercicus Tadpoles 21 NR 96 19.62 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo quercicus Tadpoles 21 NR 96 4.39 Active ingredient 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo quercicus Tadpoles 21 NR 96 4.41 Active ingredient Reference Data line Ezemonye and Tongo (2009) Ezemonye and Tongo (2009) Ezemonye and Tongo (2009) 1372 1373 1374 Wan et al 1376 (2006) Wan et al 1377 (2006) Brodeur et al 1378 (2009) Punzo and 1379 Parker (2005) Punzo and 1380 Parker (2005) Punzo and 1381 Parker (2005) Punzo and 1382 Parker (2005) Punzo and 1383 Parker (2005) Punzo (1997) 1384 Punzo (1997) 1385 Punzo (1997) 1386 Punzo (1997) 1387
CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibians and pesticides Test material Species Stage Temp. (°C) Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 45 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Test type Dura tion (h) LC50 (mg/L) LC50 based on Reference Data line 11141176 Azadirachtin 4.5 Formulation Bufo quercicus Tadpoles 21 NR 96 6.12 Active ingredient Punzo (1997) 1388 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Eggs 23 Renewal 96 >7.62 Active Schuytema et 1389 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Eggs 23 Renewal 96 >0.89 Active Schuytema et 1390 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Eggs 24 Renewal 96 10.63 Active Schuytema et 1391 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Eggs 23 Renewal 96 11.89 Active Schuytema et 1392 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Eggs 23 Renewal 96 6.1 Active Schuytema et 1393 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Eggs 24 Renewal 96 6.28 Active Schuytema et 1394 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 22 Formulation Xenopus laevis Eggs 24 Renewal 96 1.6 Active Schuytema et 1395 methyl ingredient al (1994) 86500 Azinphos- 50 Formulation? Rana clamitans Embryos 18.6 Renewal 96 >5.0 Active Harris et al 1396 methyl (Product name) ingredient (1998) 86500 Azinphos- 50 Formulation? Rana clamitans Embryos 18.1 Renewal 96 >5.0 Active Harris et al 1397 methyl (Product name) ingredient (1998) 86500 Azinphos- 22 Formulation Ambystoma larvae 20 Continuo 96 1.67 Active Nebeker et al 1398 methyl gracile us-flow through ingredient (1998) 86500 Azinphos- 22 Formulation Ambystoma larvae 20 Continuo 96 1.90 Active Nebeker et al 1399 methyl maculatum us-flow through ingredient (1998) 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Rhinella Larvae 16±1 Static 96 10.44 Active Ferrari et al 1400 methyl arenarum ingredient (2004) 86500 Azinphos- 93 Technical Bufo Tadpoles 15 Static 96 0.109 Active Mayer and 1401 methyl woodhousei ingredient Ellersieck fowleri (1986)
Page 1 and 2: Supporting Publications 2012:EN-343
Page 3 and 4: TABLE OF CONTENTS Amphibians and pe
Page 5 and 6: TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY E
Page 7 and 8: 1.1. European species Amphibians an
Page 9 and 10: Amphibians and pesticides Common na
Page 11 and 12: Amphibians and pesticides Table 2:
Page 13 and 14: Amphibians and pesticides Common na
Page 15 and 16: Amphibians and pesticides 1.2. Asso
Page 19 and 20: Amphibians and pesticides were not
Page 21 and 22: Amphibians and pesticides release.
Page 23 and 24: Amphibians and pesticides Given thi
Page 25 and 26: Amphibians and pesticides Other app
Page 27 and 28: Table 8: References relating to der
Page 31 and 32: Species Stage (size) Pesticide (For
Page 37 and 38: Amphibians and pesticides Xiao et a
Page 39 and 40: Amphibians and pesticides is also l
Page 41 and 42: Table 11: 96h LC50 data for amphibi
Page 43: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibian
Page 47 and 48: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibian
Page 61 and 62: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 38641940
Page 75 and 76: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
Page 77 and 78: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
Page 83 and 84: Table 12: LD50 data from dosing stu
Page 85 and 86: Pesticide % a.i. Test material DDT
Page 87 and 88: Pesticide % a.i. Test material Dime
Page 89 and 90: Pesticide % a.i. Test material Ekat
Page 91 and 92: Pesticide % a.i. Mevinphos (Fosdrin
Page 93 and 94: Pesticide % a.i. Permethrin [(1R)-t
Page 95 and 96:
Pesticide % a.i. Test material S-Bi
Page 97 and 98:
Pesticide % a.i. Test material TEPP
Page 99 and 100:
Amphibians and pesticides The limit
Page 101 and 102:
Amphibians and pesticides Andreone
Page 103 and 104:
Amphibians and pesticides Bidwell J
Page 105 and 106:
Amphibians and pesticides Chenoweth
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Amphibians and pesticides EFSA, 200
Page 109 and 110:
Amphibians and pesticides Garcia-Mu
Page 111 and 112:
Amphibians and pesticides Hoglund J
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Amphibians and pesticides Kennedy I
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Amphibians and pesticides Lippe C,
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Amphibians and pesticides Nagy KA,
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Amphibians and pesticides Pellet J,
Page 121 and 122:
Amphibians and pesticides Saka M, 2
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Amphibians and pesticides Snawder J
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Amphibians and pesticides Vogrin M
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APPENDICES A. SEARCH LOGIC EFSA Con
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Amphibians and pesticides 35. (Endo
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Amphibians and pesticides 77. track
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B. SPECIES INFORMATION - GREAT CRES
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex S
Page 137 and 138:
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex F
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Table 20: Seasonal activities of Tr
Page 143 and 144:
1. Body size Table 22: Bodyweight o
Page 145 and 146:
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Table 26: Diet of Triturus vulgaris
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Table 28: Diet of newly metamorphos
Page 151 and 152:
5. Other information Table 30: Age/
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2. Metabolic rate Table 33: Metabol
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Table 35: Diet of Rana temporaria i
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Table 37: Diet of Rana temporaria i
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Table 39: Seasonal activities of Ra
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E. SPECIES INFORMATION - COMMON TOA
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Table 44: Body length of Bufo bufo.
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3. Diet Table 46: Diet of Bufo bufo
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Table 48: Diet of Bufo bufo in the
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex F
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4. Seasonal activities Amphibians a
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5. Other information Table 53: Age/
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Table 59: Diet of Hyla arborea in R
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Table 60: Seasonal activities of Hy
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Amphibians and pesticides G. SPECIE
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3. Diet Table 66: Diet of Bufo cala
Page 205 and 206:
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Amphibians and pesticides Begin Pea
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Amphibians and pesticides Sex Mean
Page 211 and 212:
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2. Metabolic rate No metabolic rate
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Amphibians and pesticides Carabidae
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Table 80: Age at sexual maturity fo
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 94757 2,4
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibian
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 38641940
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 1910425 P
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
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J. SELECTED 48H LC50 DATA Table 82:
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 38641940
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 7487947 M
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 298000 Pa
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K. SELECTED 72H LC50 DATA Table 83:
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L. SELECTED LC50 DATA FOR ‘OTHER
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 94757 2,4
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M. OMITTED LC50 DATA Table 85: Omit
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Test mate
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CAS Pesticide name 8011630 Bordeaux
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CAS Pesticide name 298000 Parathion
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CAS Pesticide name 56359 Tributylti
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Amphibians and pesticides Andreone
Page 345 and 346:
Amphibians and pesticides Red List
Page 347 and 348:
Amphibians and pesticides Lyciasala
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The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians

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