The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians

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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibians and pesticides Test material Species Stage Temp. (°C) 7758987 Copper sulfate NR Technical Gastrophryne carolinensis 7758987 Copper sulfate NR Technical Gastrophryne carolinensis 7758987 Copper sulfate NR Technical Hyla chrysoscelis 60571 Dieldrin 92 Technical Xenopus laevis embryo- 1071836 Glyphosate 50.2 Formulation Ambystoma gracile 1071836 Glyphosate 50.2 Formulation Ambystoma macrodactylum 1071836 Glyphosate 50.2 Formulation Bufo boreas Larvae 18 (room 1071836 Glyphosate 50.2 Formulation Pseudacris regilla 1071836 Glyphosate 50.2 Formulation Rana cascadae Larvae 18 (room 1071836 Glyphosate 50.2 Formulation Rana luteiventris 7487947 Mercuric NR Technical Gastrophryne chloride carolinensis 94804 NA NR Technical Rhinella arenarum 13410010 Sodium selenate NR Technical Gastrophryne carolinensis Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 282 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Test type Dura tion (h) LC50 (mg/L) LC50 based on Eggs 22±1 Renewal 168 0.04 Active ingredient (Cu) Eggs 20-24 Renewal 168 0.04 Active ingredient (Cu) Eggs 20-24 Renewal 168 0.04 Active ingredient (Cu) 22.8 Renewal 168 0.1679 Active larval ingredient Larvae 18 (room NR 168 1.73 Active temp.) ingredient Larvae 18 (room NR 168 1.85 Active temp.) ingredient NR 168 2.08 Active temp.) ingredient Larvae 18 (room NR 168 0.32 Active temp.) ingredient NR 168 1.40 Active temp.) ingredient Larvae 18 (room NR 168 1.08 Active temp.) ingredient Eggs 22±1 Renewal 168 0.001 Active ingredient (Hg) Tadpoles 20±1 Static 168 0.05 Active ingredient (Cu) Eggs 22±1 Renewal 168 0.09 Active ingredient (Se) Reference Data line Birge (1978) 1988 Birge and Black (1979) Birge and Black (1979) 1989 1990 Schuytema et al 1991 (1991) King and 1992 Wagner (2010) King and 1993 Wagner (2010) King and 1994 Wagner (2010) King and 1995 Wagner (2010) King and 1996 Wagner (2010) King and 1997 Wagner (2010) Birge (1978) 1998 Perez-Coll and 2000 Herkovits (2006) Birge (1978) 2001
CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibians and pesticides Test material Species Stage Temp. (°C) Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 283 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Test type Dura tion (h) LC50 (mg/L) LC50 based on 64700567 Triclopyr- 48 Formulation Rana clamitans Embryos 23±2 Renewal 168 11.5 Active butotyl ingredient 64700567 Triclopyr- 48 Formulation Rana clamitans Embryos 23±2 Renewal 168 18.2 Active butotyl ingredient 86500 Azinphos- 99 Technical Pseudacris Tadpoles 23±1 Renewal 192 2.77 Active methyl regilla ingredient 86500 Azinphos- 22 Formulation Pseudacris Tadpoles 24±1 Renewal 192 0.76 Active methyl regilla ingredient 7758987 Copper sulfate NR Technical Ambystoma Eggs 20-24 Renewal 192 0.77 Active opacum ingredient (Cu) 7758987 Copper sulfate NR Technical Rana pipiens Eggs 20-24 Renewal 192 0.05 Active ingredient (Cu) 66230044 Esfenvalerate 5 Formulation Bombina Embryos 20±0.5 Renewal 216 >0.30 Active bombina ingredient 66230044 Esfenvalerate 5 Formulation Bombina Embryos 204±0.5 Renewal 216 >0.30 Active bombina ingredient 1912249 Atrazine 98 Technical Rhinella Embryos 20±2 Renewal 240 25.37 Active arenarum ingredient 1912249 Atrazine 98 Technical Rhinella Embryos 20±2 Renewal 240 25.37 Active arenarum ingredient 1912249 Atrazine 98 Technical Rhinella NR 20±2 Renewal 240 14.48 Active arenarum ingredient 1912249 Atrazine 98 Technical Rhinella Tadpoles 20±2 Renewal 240 14.48 Active arenarum ingredient 2921882 Chlorpyrifos 99.8 Technical Xenopus laevis Embryos 24.7 Renewal 240 0.0925 Active ingredient 60571 Dieldrin 92 Technical Xenopus laevis Tadpoles 22 Flow- 240 0.0029 Active through ingredient 330541 Diuron 99.8 Technical Pseudacris Embryos 20 Renewal 240 >29.1 Active regilla ingredient Reference Data line Edgington et al. (2003) Edgington et al. (2003) Schuytema et al (1995) Schuytema et al (1995) Birge and Black (1979) Birge and Black (1979) Larsen et al (2004) Larsen et al (2004) Brodeur et al (2009) Brodeur et al. (2009) Brodeur et al. (2009) Brodeur et al (2009) El-Merhibi et al (2004) Schuytema et al (1991) Schuytema and Nebeker (1998) 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
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Supporting Publications 2012:EN-343
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Amphibians and pe
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TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY E
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1.1. European species Amphibians an
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Amphibians and pesticides Common na
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Amphibians and pesticides Table 2:
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Amphibians and pesticides Common na
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Amphibians and pesticides 1.2. Asso
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Amphibians and pesticides were not
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Amphibians and pesticides release.
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Amphibians and pesticides Given thi
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Amphibians and pesticides Other app
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Table 8: References relating to der
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Species Stage (size) Pesticide (For
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Amphibians and pesticides Xiao et a
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Amphibians and pesticides is also l
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Table 11: 96h LC50 data for amphibi
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibian
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 38641940
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
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Table 12: LD50 data from dosing stu
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material DDT
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material Dime
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material Ekat
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Pesticide % a.i. Mevinphos (Fosdrin
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Pesticide % a.i. Permethrin [(1R)-t
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material S-Bi
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material TEPP
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Amphibians and pesticides The limit
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Amphibians and pesticides Andreone
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Amphibians and pesticides Bidwell J
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Amphibians and pesticides Chenoweth
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Amphibians and pesticides EFSA, 200
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Amphibians and pesticides Garcia-Mu
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Amphibians and pesticides Hoglund J
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Amphibians and pesticides Kennedy I
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Amphibians and pesticides Lippe C,
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Amphibians and pesticides Nagy KA,
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Amphibians and pesticides Pellet J,
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Amphibians and pesticides Saka M, 2
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Amphibians and pesticides Snawder J
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Amphibians and pesticides Vogrin M
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APPENDICES A. SEARCH LOGIC EFSA Con
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Amphibians and pesticides 35. (Endo
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Amphibians and pesticides 77. track
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B. SPECIES INFORMATION - GREAT CRES
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex S
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex F
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Table 20: Seasonal activities of Tr
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1. Body size Table 22: Bodyweight o
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Table 26: Diet of Triturus vulgaris
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Table 28: Diet of newly metamorphos
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5. Other information Table 30: Age/
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2. Metabolic rate Table 33: Metabol
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Table 35: Diet of Rana temporaria i
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Table 37: Diet of Rana temporaria i
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Table 39: Seasonal activities of Ra
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E. SPECIES INFORMATION - COMMON TOA
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Table 44: Body length of Bufo bufo.
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3. Diet Table 46: Diet of Bufo bufo
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Table 48: Diet of Bufo bufo in the
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex F
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4. Seasonal activities Amphibians a
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5. Other information Table 53: Age/
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Table 59: Diet of Hyla arborea in R
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Table 60: Seasonal activities of Hy
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Amphibians and pesticides G. SPECIE
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3. Diet Table 66: Diet of Bufo cala
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Amphibians and pesticides Begin Pea
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Amphibians and pesticides Sex Mean
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2. Metabolic rate No metabolic rate
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Amphibians and pesticides Carabidae
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Table 80: Age at sexual maturity fo
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 94757 2,4
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Page 231 and 232: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibian
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Page 257 and 258: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 298000 Pa
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Page 277 and 278: L. SELECTED LC50 DATA FOR ‘OTHER
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Page 291 and 292: M. OMITTED LC50 DATA Table 85: Omit
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Test mate
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CAS Pesticide name 298000 Parathion
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CAS Pesticide name 56359 Tributylti
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Amphibians and pesticides Andreone
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Amphibians and pesticides Red List
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Amphibians and pesticides Lyciasala
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The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians

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