The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
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Amphibians <strong>and</strong> <strong>pesticides</strong><br />
Age Sex Season Mean SD/SE Units Min. Max. N Country Habitat Notes Reference<br />
Adult M/F - 30.6 3.9 SD mm SVL - - 15 UK Marsh Dunnerholme, end <strong>of</strong><br />
year 2, 15 mo post<br />
metamorphosis.<br />
Juvenile M/F - 26.5 - mm SVL 18.5 34.5 87 Germany - ‘Urmitz’, experiment<br />
(median)<br />
1.<br />
Juvenile M/F - 32.5 - mm SVL 22.0 44.0 92 Germany - ‘Urmitz’, experiment<br />
(median)<br />
Adult M Summer 55 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult M Summer 58 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult M Summer 64 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult M Summer 60 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult M Summer 52 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult M Summer 51 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult F Summer 57 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult M Summer 63 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Adult F Summer 61 - mm SVL - - 1 Germany Included s<strong>and</strong>y<br />
gravel pits <strong>and</strong><br />
arable l<strong>and</strong>.<br />
Den<strong>to</strong>n <strong>and</strong> Beebee<br />
(1993)<br />
Leskovar <strong>and</strong> Sinsch<br />
(2005)<br />
Leskovar <strong>and</strong> Sinsch<br />
2.<br />
(2005)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 1 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 2 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 3 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 4 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 5 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 6 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Female 7 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Male 8 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
‘Urmitz’. Female 9 Sinsch <strong>and</strong> Leskovar<br />
(2011)<br />
Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 200<br />
<strong>The</strong> present document has been produced <strong>and</strong> adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context <strong>of</strong> a contract between the European Food<br />
Safety Authority <strong>and</strong> the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. <strong>The</strong> present document is published complying with the transparency principle <strong>to</strong> which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an<br />
output adopted by the Authority. <strong>The</strong> European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view <strong>and</strong> position as regards the issues addressed <strong>and</strong> the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice <strong>to</strong> the<br />
rights <strong>of</strong> the authors.
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