The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians

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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 Sodium pentachlorophen oxide 131522 Sodium pentachlorophen Amphibians and pesticides Test material Species Stage Temp. (°C) Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 262 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Test type Dura tion (h) LC50 (mg/L) LC50 based on 90 Technical Xenopus laevis Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 0.21 Active ingredient NR Technical (Reagent Rana hexadactyla Tadpoles 14 (12- 17) Renewal 48 0.0376 Active ingredient oxide grade) 72548 TDE NR Technical Bufo Tadpoles 15.5±0.5 Static 48 0.32 Active woodhousei fowleri ingredient 72548 TDE NR Technical Pseudacris Tadpoles 15.5±0.5 Static 48 0.5 Active triseriata ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Bufo japonicus Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.74 Active formosus ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Bufo japonicus Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.85 Active formosus ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Bufo japonicus Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.54 Active formosus ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Cynops Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 4.16 Active pyrrhogaster ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Cynops Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.53 Active pyrrhogaster ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Cynops Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 4.43 Active pyrrhogaster ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 99 Technical Cynops Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.32 Active pyrrhogaster ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Hyla japonica Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.77 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Hyla japonica Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.27 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Hyla japonica Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.20 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Rana Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.59 Active nigromaculata ingredient Reference Data line Saka (2003) 1071 Khangarot et al (1985c) Sanders (1970) 1075 1084 Sanders (1970) 1085 Saka (1999) 1087 Saka (1999) 1088 Saka (1999) 1089 Saka (1999) 1090 Saka (1999) 1091 Saka (1999) 1092 Saka (1999) 1093 Saka (1999) 1094 Saka (1999) 1095 Saka (1999) 1096 Saka (1999) 1097
CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibians and pesticides Test material Species Stage Temp. (°C) Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 263 The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. Test type Dura tion (h) LC50 (mg/L) LC50 based on 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Rana Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.50 Active nigromaculata ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Rana Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.50 Active nigromaculata ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Rhacophorus Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.68 Active arboreus ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Rhacophorus Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.11 Active arboreus ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Xenopus laevis Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.81 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Xenopus laevis Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.92 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 50 Formulation Xenopus laevis Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 2.37 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 99 Technical Xenopus laevis Larvae 20±1 Renewal 48 3.36 Active ingredient 28249776 Thiobencarb 98 Technical Silurana Tadpoles 25±1 Renewal 48 1.16 Active tropicalis ingredient 59669260 Thiodicarb NR Formulation Bufo marinus Tadpoles NR Static 48 >5 Active ingredient 23564058 Thiophanate- 96.2 Technical Triturus Adults NR NR 48 0.0096 Active methyl carnifex ingredient 137268 Thiram 80 Formulation Xenopus laevis Tadpoles 20±0.5 NR 48 0.014 Active ingredient 137268 Thiram 80 Formulation Xenopus laevis Tadpoles 20±0.5 NR 48 0.022 Active ingredient 78488 Tribufos NR Technical Bufo Tadpoles 15.5±0.5 Static 48 0.76 Active woodhousei fowleri ingredient 1582098 Trifluralin 50 Formulation Bombina Larvae 22±1 Renewal 48 28.5 Active bombina ingredient Reference Data line Saka (1999) 1098 Saka (1999) 1099 Saka (1999) 1100 Saka (1999) 1101 Saka (1999) 1102 Saka (1999) 1103 Saka (1999) 1104 Saka (1999) 1105 Saka (2010) 1108 Tejada et al (1994) Capaldo et al (2006) Seuge et al (1983) Seuge et al (1983) Sanders (1970) 1111 1114 1115 1116 1118 Sayim (2010) 1124
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Supporting Publications 2012:EN-343
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Amphibians and pe
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TERMS OF REFERENCE AS PROVIDED BY E
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1.1. European species Amphibians an
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Amphibians and pesticides Common na
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Amphibians and pesticides Table 2:
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Amphibians and pesticides Common na
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Amphibians and pesticides 1.2. Asso
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Amphibians and pesticides were not
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Amphibians and pesticides release.
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Amphibians and pesticides Given thi
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Amphibians and pesticides Other app
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Table 8: References relating to der
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Species Stage (size) Pesticide (For
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Amphibians and pesticides Xiao et a
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Amphibians and pesticides is also l
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Table 11: 96h LC50 data for amphibi
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Amphibian
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 38641940
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 131522 So
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Table 12: LD50 data from dosing stu
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material DDT
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material Dime
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material Ekat
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Pesticide % a.i. Mevinphos (Fosdrin
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Pesticide % a.i. Permethrin [(1R)-t
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material S-Bi
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Pesticide % a.i. Test material TEPP
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Amphibians and pesticides The limit
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Amphibians and pesticides Andreone
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Amphibians and pesticides Bidwell J
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Amphibians and pesticides Chenoweth
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Amphibians and pesticides EFSA, 200
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Amphibians and pesticides Garcia-Mu
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Amphibians and pesticides Hoglund J
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Amphibians and pesticides Kennedy I
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Amphibians and pesticides Lippe C,
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Amphibians and pesticides Nagy KA,
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Amphibians and pesticides Pellet J,
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Amphibians and pesticides Saka M, 2
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Amphibians and pesticides Snawder J
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Amphibians and pesticides Vogrin M
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APPENDICES A. SEARCH LOGIC EFSA Con
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Amphibians and pesticides 35. (Endo
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Amphibians and pesticides 77. track
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B. SPECIES INFORMATION - GREAT CRES
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex S
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex F
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Table 20: Seasonal activities of Tr
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1. Body size Table 22: Bodyweight o
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Table 26: Diet of Triturus vulgaris
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Table 28: Diet of newly metamorphos
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5. Other information Table 30: Age/
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2. Metabolic rate Table 33: Metabol
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Table 35: Diet of Rana temporaria i
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Table 37: Diet of Rana temporaria i
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Table 39: Seasonal activities of Ra
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E. SPECIES INFORMATION - COMMON TOA
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Table 44: Body length of Bufo bufo.
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3. Diet Table 46: Diet of Bufo bufo
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Table 48: Diet of Bufo bufo in the
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Amphibians and pesticides Age Sex F
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4. Seasonal activities Amphibians a
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5. Other information Table 53: Age/
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Table 59: Diet of Hyla arborea in R
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Table 60: Seasonal activities of Hy
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Amphibians and pesticides G. SPECIE
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3. Diet Table 66: Diet of Bufo cala
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4. Seasonal activities Amphibians a
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Amphibians and pesticides Begin Pea
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Amphibians and pesticides Sex Mean
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Page 213 and 214: 2. Metabolic rate No metabolic rate
Page 215 and 216: Amphibians and pesticides Carabidae
Page 217 and 218: 3. Seasonal activities Amphibians a
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Page 221 and 222: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 94757 2,4
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Page 245 and 246: J. SELECTED 48H LC50 DATA Table 82:
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Page 255 and 256: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 7487947 M
Page 257 and 258: CAS Pesticide name % a.i. 298000 Pa
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Page 265 and 266: K. SELECTED 72H LC50 DATA Table 83:
Page 277 and 278: L. SELECTED LC50 DATA FOR ‘OTHER
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Page 291 and 292: M. OMITTED LC50 DATA Table 85: Omit
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CAS Pesticide name % a.i. Test mate
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CAS Pesticide name 298000 Parathion
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CAS Pesticide name 56359 Tributylti
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Amphibians and pesticides Andreone
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Amphibians and pesticides Red List
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Amphibians and pesticides Lyciasala
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The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians

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