The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
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Amphibians <strong>and</strong> <strong>pesticides</strong><br />
Appendices ........................................................................................................................................... 127<br />
A. Search logic ................................................................................................................................. 127<br />
B. Species information – Great crested newt (Triturus cristatus) .................................................... 133<br />
C. Species information – Smooth newt (Lissotri<strong>to</strong>n vulgaris, Triturus vulgaris) ............................ 142<br />
D. Species information – Common frog (Rana temporaria) ............................................................ 152<br />
E. Species information – Common <strong>to</strong>ad (Bufo bufo) ....................................................................... 165<br />
F. Species information – Common tree frog (Hyla arborea) .......................................................... 180<br />
G. Species information – Natterjack <strong>to</strong>ad (Epidalea calamita, Bufo calamita) ............................... 191<br />
H. Species information – Common spadefoot (Pelobates fuscus) ................................................... 210<br />
I. Selected 24h LC50 data ............................................................................................................... 220<br />
J. Selected 48h LC50 data ............................................................................................................... 245<br />
K. Selected 72h LC50 data ............................................................................................................... 265<br />
L. Selected LC50 data for ‘other’ time periods (not 24, 48, 72 or 96h) ........................................... 277<br />
M. Omitted LC50 data ...................................................................................................................... 291<br />
N. Citations for IUCN data ............................................................................................................... 342<br />
Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 4<br />
<strong>The</strong> present document has been produced <strong>and</strong> adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively<br />
by the author(s) in the context <strong>of</strong> a contract between the European Food Safety Authority <strong>and</strong> the author(s), awarded following a tender<br />
procedure. <strong>The</strong> present document is published complying with the transparency principle <strong>to</strong> which the Authority is subject. It may not be<br />
considered as an output adopted by the Authority. <strong>The</strong> European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view <strong>and</strong> position as regards the<br />
issues addressed <strong>and</strong> the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice <strong>to</strong> the rights <strong>of</strong> the authors.
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