The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
The exposure and toxicity of pesticides to amphibians
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
Table 12: LD50 data from dosing studies on <strong>amphibians</strong>.<br />
Pesticide %<br />
a.i.<br />
Test<br />
material<br />
Species Stage Temp.<br />
°C<br />
Aldrin NR Tech. Rana<br />
Adult<br />
hexadactyla (55g)<br />
Aldrin NR Tech. Rana<br />
Adult<br />
hexadactyla (55g)<br />
Aldrin 30 Form. Rana tigrina Adult<br />
(40-<br />
60g)<br />
Aldrin 30 Form. Rana tigrina Adult<br />
(40-<br />
60g)<br />
Carbaryl 50 NR Rana<br />
catesbeiana<br />
Carbaryl NR NR Limnonectes<br />
limnocharis<br />
Exposure<br />
type<br />
Amphibians <strong>and</strong> <strong>pesticides</strong><br />
Supporting publications 2012:EN-343 83<br />
<strong>The</strong> present document has been produced <strong>and</strong> adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context <strong>of</strong> a contract between the European Food<br />
Safety Authority <strong>and</strong> the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. <strong>The</strong> present document is published complying with the transparency principle <strong>to</strong> which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an<br />
output adopted by the Authority. <strong>The</strong> European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view <strong>and</strong> position as regards the issues addressed <strong>and</strong> the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice <strong>to</strong> the<br />
rights <strong>of</strong> the authors.<br />
Dur.<br />
(h)<br />
Dose<br />
levels<br />
Anim.<br />
/dose<br />
LD50<br />
(mg/kg)<br />
(95%<br />
CL)<br />
27±2 Oral<br />
(intub.)<br />
27±2 Oral<br />
(intub.)<br />
19-20 Oral 24 13 10 75<br />
(66.6-<br />
85.4)<br />
Comments Reference<br />
24 6 10 2.2 Assume data based on<br />
active ingredient.<br />
48 6 10 2.5 Assume data based on<br />
active ingredient.<br />
19-20 Oral 48 13 10 41.4<br />
(33.1-<br />
51.7)<br />
NR NR Oral<br />
(capsule)<br />
Adult<br />
(1.8-<br />
2g)<br />
Dose described as<br />
formulation (Aldrin 30%<br />
EC). Data here is for<br />
active ingredient<br />
calculated assuming 30%<br />
active ingredient.<br />
Dose described as<br />
formulation (Aldrin 30%<br />
EC). Data here is for<br />
active ingredient<br />
calculated assuming 30%<br />
active ingredient.<br />
336 NR NR >4000 Basis <strong>of</strong> LD50 value<br />
unclear. Based on data for<br />
3 males. Toxicity <strong>to</strong> 3<br />
month old mallard<br />
>2564mg/kg. Toxicity <strong>to</strong><br />
2 month old Japanese<br />
quail 2290mg/kg.<br />
NR IP 96 9 10 125 Assuming values are for<br />
active ingredient.<br />
Carbaryl 50 Form. Rana tigrina Adult NR IP 96 NR NR 320 Calculated active<br />
ingredient LD50<br />
assuming 50% carbaryl.<br />
Joseph <strong>and</strong><br />
Rao (1990)<br />
Joseph <strong>and</strong><br />
Rao (1990)<br />
Srivastava et<br />
al (1988)<br />
Srivastava et<br />
al (1988)<br />
Hudson et al<br />
(1984)<br />
Krishnappa<br />
<strong>and</strong><br />
Venkateshwarl<br />
u (2007)<br />
Sampath <strong>and</strong><br />
Elango (1997)
Change language