Zbornik radova Koridor 10 - Kirilo SaviÄ

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3rd International Scientific and Professional Conference CORRIDOR <strong>10</strong> - a sustainable way of integrations Balkan dolazi u centar svetske političke pažnje posle poraza Osmanske Turske pod Bečom 1683. godine. Tada se otvara tzv. Istočno pitanje koje do dana današnjeg nije doživelo svoje konačno rešenje. Samo tri godine posle odbrane Beča, godine 1686. Pjer Kopen radi kartu deobe Balkana između sila pobednica. U podeli Balkana učestvuju Venecija, Austrija, Poljska, Francuska, Engleska, Španija, Portugalija, Sveta Stolica, Modena i Parma i na kraju Malteški vitezovi. Prostor Balkana se deli kao pustolina, kao ničija zemlja (slika 2). Slika 2 Karta podele Balkana iz 1686. godine Godine 1772. Kara radi drugu podelu Balkana u kojoj učestvuju Austrija, Pruska, Francuska i Venecija (slika 3). Slika 3 Karta podele Balkana iz 1772. godine Belgrade, 2012 5
3rd International Scientific and Professional Conference CORRIDOR <strong>10</strong> - a sustainable way of integrations Ruska carica Katarina II i Austrijski car Jozef II, iste te 1772. godine započinju pregovore o deobi uticajnih sfera na Balkanu, pregovore nastavljaju 1782. godine, a 1787. godine u Jalti potpisuju sporazum. Balkan treba da pripadne trima carevinama – Rusiji, Austriji i Turskoj. Razgraničenje Ruske i Austirjske interesne sfere je na Staroj Planini, kako se vidi iz priložene karte (slika 4). Ova karta u određenom smislu važi i danas – njom se definiše pojam Zapadnog Balkana koji je u čestoj upotrebi od raspada druge Jugoslavije. Da je ovaj ugovor u određenom smislu živ, vidi se iz činjenice da u rešavanju problema Zapadnog Balkana u poslednjih dvadesetak godina učestvuju, pored ostalih, Jirži Dinstbir, Medlin Oldbrajt, Rihard Holbruk, Volgang Petrič, Miroslav Lajčak, František Lipka, Štefan File i mnogi drugi političari sa teritorije nekadašnje Austrijske carevine, odnosno Austrougarske. Slika 4 Karta podele Balkana iz 1777. godine U želji da trajno potisne Tursku sa Balkana, ruski imperator Aleksandar I 1808. godine, predviđa podelu Balkana između Rusije, Austrije i Francuske. (slika 5). Slika 5 Karta podele Balkana iz 1808. godine Belgrade, 2012 6
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Zbornik radova Koridor 10 - Kirilo SaviÄ

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Zbornik radova Koridor 10 - Kirilo SaviÄ