Zbornik radova Koridor 10 - Kirilo Savić

3rd International Scientific and Professional Conference
CORRIDOR 10 - a sustainable way of integrations
INTERMODAL INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING IN LJUBLJANA:
FIELD SURVEY AS A METHOD FOR PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Klemen Gostič, Institute of Traffic and Transport Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenija
Summary
From the year 2008 Municipality of Ljubljana was included in the international Civitas ELAN project.
With the aim to achieve better living environment in the European cities, project activities included
sustainable transport measures from 37 project partners in five European countries. One of the project
activities was to include public into discussions for future development of intermodal passenger
infrastructure. With conducting 617 surveys data about current use and expectations towards
intermodal infrastructure in Ljubljana were collected. Survey was carried out on 17 locations including
city centre of Ljubljana, main train station, city bus stations and Park and Ride facilities on the
outskirts. Within the questionnaires respondents were invited to present their own perspective on the
measures that should implemented in order to achieve more user friendly and functional intermodal
passenger infrastructure in Ljubljana. Article presents the importance of public participation in the
processes of transport infrastructure planning and includes methodology, main results and outcomes
of conducted field surveys in Ljubljana.
Key words: passenger intermodal infrastructure, transport planning, participatory planning, public
participation, methodology, user’s satisfaction, service quality perception
1. INTRODUCTION
Favorable geo-strategic position, location on the crossing of V. and X. pan-European transport corridor
and centrality of service, economic and production activities, are just some of the factors for the
importance of Ljubljana urban region (LUR) in Slovenia. During the years 1991 and 2002 LUR
recorded 5.3 % growth of population thus twice exceeding the national average. By increasing the rate
of motorization (524 cars per 1,000 inhabitants at the end of 2011) and the daily migration flows
between city and the outskirts to 120.000-140.000 daily immigrants, the importance of effective urban
and transport planning became an important issue in public discussions.
Currently available data indicate that two thirds of the whole trips in the city of Ljubljana is done by car
transport, which is fallowed by 13 % of public transport users and 20 % by walking or using a bicycle
(Guzelj in Trošt, 2011). Considering the current situation transport plans for the city of Ljubljana are
addressing the issues of lowering demand for car use thus improving the conditions for effective use
of public and bicycle transport. With the aim to allocate user’s needs and perspectives for the future
transport planning process a survey on usage and perspectives of intermodal infrastructure in
Ljubljana was done within CIVITAS Elan project.
2. INTERMODAL TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE
When discussing passenger transport we are usually referring also on integration of transport systems
or intermodality. In reality, each passenger trip is always conducted of at least two transport modes
which can include walking, cycling, public transport or car use. Intermodality represents the use of
several transport modes in one trip when all used modes are combined or integrated. Integration of
different public modes is usually possible thanks to adequate intermodal infrastructure or to intermodal
agreements concluded by transport operators. In the best option these agreements allow a common
reservation for the whole trip, coordinated timetables, a common checking, the certainty to travel to the
final destination despite delays faced by one or several transport modes during the trip, etc (Rodrigue,
Comtois, Slack, 2009). The change of the transport modes is taking place on the intermodal
passenger infrastructure or intermodal hubs. When distinguishing intermodal hubs we mostly
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