Zbornik radova Koridor 10 - Kirilo Savić

3rd International Scientific and Professional Conference
CORRIDOR 10 - a sustainable way of integrations
specialize according to item type. The following is a listing of item-groups typically offered for direct resale
(no reprocessing/ re-manufacturing) [5]:
Pumps, valves, motors, machines, navigational equipment, life-saving equipment (rafts,
lifebuoys, life-vests, survival suits, etc);
Personal protective equipment (helmets, workboots, gloves, goggles, overalls, etc.)
Chemicals and paints
Steel components (anchors, chains, ventilation components, pipework, etc.)
Sanitary equipment (toilets, sinks, bath tubs, and so on)
Furniture
Electrical cabling (intact) and batteries
Insulation material
Oil products (to manufacturing industries).
Re-manufacturing/ re-processing:
A comprehensive proportion of the waste stream is re-processed or re-manufactured rather than
recycled prior to sale. The following illustrate this [5]:
Steel re-manufacturing: Not all extracted steelwork is characterised as scrap. “Undamaged”
plating is re-manufactured by cutting, grinding and hot-work. Anchors, chains, engine
structures, and so on may also be re-manufactured by undergoing similar treatments.
Oil re-manufacturing: Used (dirty) oils (lubricating oils) are re-processed and offered for sale.
Mineral re-processing: Insulation material (asbestos) is in some facilities reprocessed by
manual crushing and sold to manufacturing industries.
Copper reclaim: Damaged cabling or non-saleable cabling is stripped for insulation either by
burning or by mechanical stripping (sometimes also carried out at the scrapping site).
Recycling:
Real recycling in the sense of waste being used as a raw material in the production chain is first and
foremost represented by scrap steel. This is the raw material for steel works and for cold-rolling
facilities [5]. The quality of the end product is a function of the quality of the available scrap, the
sorting and the recycling process.
Recommendation for cleaner dismantling of vessels
Some impact to the environment is unavoidable as long as the vessel under recycling is not separated
from the waterbody. The ultimate solution is dry docking as proposed in the Basel Convention document
[5].
‘‘Green’’ shipbreaking may soon become a priority, conventional single-hull tankers, which are prone
to spilling their cargo at collisions, will not be able to sail at international waters after 2016 and shall be
scrapped. This is expected to become a main activity for vessel breakers worldwide. A decision taken
on the meeting of the Basel Convention on 29th October 2004, in Geneve, Switzerland has declared
that old vessels should be considered as toxic wastes. Therefore, it is resolved that vessels are
required to be cleaned from their toxic contents. This decision, if properly applied, is considered to be
a very important step towards having cleaner seas and coastlines. It requires a control system around
the sea and land borders of shipbreaking yards. Apart from the shipbreaking, the yards should also
have certified personnel to be specifically employed for firefighting, removal of insulating layer, cutting
and welding, crane operation and material handling. OSHA [6] has been insisting on mandatory
training for safer working environments, with regards to the following:
Provision of adequate worker training
Use of proper personnel protective equipment
Undertaken of fire protection measures and
Arrangements for appropriate emergency action teams such as firefighting, rescue, first aid,
pollution prevention and other services.
The combustible wastes obtained from scrapped ships are regarded as an alternative fuel, and can be
used as a fuel by proper gasification or incineration with proper pollution protective measures. The
energy obtained can be used for power generation [15].
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