Zbornik radova Koridor 10 - Kirilo SaviÄ

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3rd International Scientific and Professional Conference CORRIDOR 10 - a sustainable way of integrations The Waste Catalogue, Republic of Serbia, Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning, the Agency for Environmental Protection, Belgrade, 2010 The National Environmental Action Plan (NEAP) as an objective in the transport sector have reduce pollution from vessels in navigable waters Rulebook on conditions and classification, packaging and storage of raw materials ("RS Official Gazette", No. 55/01) Rulebook on Hazardous Substances in Water ("RS Official Gazette", No. 31/82 ) Rulebook on categories, testing and classification of waste ("RS Official Gazette", No. 56/10) Rulebook on the form of the issuance of permits for the storage, treatment and disposal ("RS Official Gazette", No. 72/09) Rulebook on form of documents on the movement of hazardous wastes and instructions for its completion ("RS Official Gazette", No. 72/09) Rulebook on the Handling of Waste with Hazardous Substances ("RS Official Gazette", No. 12/95) Regulation lists the transboundary movements of waste ("RS Official Gazette", No. 60/09); (The Basel Convention is automatically taken from the former SRJ, as well as other regulations. Now, these regulations are valid) Rulebook on the content of documents to be submitted with the application for a license to import, export and transit of waste ("RS Official Gazette", No. 60/09 and 101/10). All mentioned, a number of regulations of Serbia may be relevant to the field of waste management and waste oil from vessels, including the vessels’ waste generated due to dismantling in shipbreaking industry. At the same time bearing in mind the general rules in the field of environmental protection as a basis for a general framework for the regulation of specific issues of waste oils, and certain special rules governing the field of waste management [4]. Strategic and other documents relevant to the management of waste oils are mostly made in the past 5 years [4]: Rulebook on the conditions, manner and procedure of waste oils; Waste Management Strategy for the period 2010-2019. The; Law on Ratification of the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal; National Environment Protection Program; A report on the environmental situation in the Republic of Serbia for 2007. year. Wastes from vessels dismantling Waste from dismantling of vessels, i.e. a list of hazardous waste and materials that are obtained in the process of vessels’ dismantling, included the Basel Convention on the transboundary movement of hazardous waste and its disposition [5]. This Convention also provided provisions for the proper removal and disposal of hazardous substances, and for the collection, sorting and recycling of waste in an environmentally friendly way (the list of hazardous wastes and materials, health and safety of workers, steel re-rolling, partial disassembly; scope of the guidelines; contingency plan). Recommendation for cleaner dismantling of vessels Some impact to the environment is unavoidable as long as the vessel under recycling is not separated from the waterbody. The ultimate solution is dry docking as proposed in the Basel Convention document [5]. ‘‘Green’’ shipbreaking may soon become a priority, conventional single-hull tankers, which are prone to spilling their cargo at collisions, will not be able to sail at international waters after 2016 and shall be scrapped. This is expected to become a main activity for ship breakers worldwide. A decision taken on the meeting of the Basel Convention on 29th October 2004, in Geneve, Switzerland has declared that old ships should be considered as toxic wastes. Therefore, it is resolved that ships are required to be cleaned from their toxic contents. This decision, if properly applied, is considered to be a very important step towards having cleaner seas and coastlines. It requires a control system around the sea and land borders of shipbreaking yards. Apart from the shipbreaking, the yards should also have certified personnel to be specifically employed for firefighting, removal of insulating layer, cutting and Belgrade, 2012 283
3rd International Scientific and Professional Conference CORRIDOR 10 - a sustainable way of integrations welding, crane operation and material handling. OSHA [6] has been insisting on mandatory training for safer working environments, with regards to the following: provision of adequate worker training; use of proper personnel protective equipment; obedience to fire protection measures; and arrangements for appropriate emergency action teams such as firefighting, rescue, first aid, pollution prevention and other services. The combustible wastes obtained from scrapped vessels are regarded as an alternative fuel, and can be used as a fuel by proper gasification or incineration with proper pollution protective measures. The energy obtained can be used for power generation. 2. DISMANTLING STAGES Decommissioning for disposal is a step by step process (illustrated in Scheme 1): Decommissioning and sale Inventory of onboard hazardous/ polluting wastes • (Removal/ cleaning – liquids, including fuels and oils) • Securing (Removal of equipment) The dismantling process (Inventory of onboard hazardous/ polluting wastes) • Removal/ cleaning– liquids, including fuels and oils • Securing Removal of equipment Removal of hazardous/polluting substances Dismantling Sorting for reuse, recycling and disposal Storage, recycling and disposal Storage, recycling and disposal Scheme 1. Block diagram of decommissioning and dismantling stages Basic rules and labor safety and occupational health during dismantling of vessels Shipbreaking is one of the most hazardous activities of shipping industry. This is due to the structural complexity of the ships and due to the possible exposures to asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead, hazardous materials and chemicals, as well as excess noise and fire and explosions. A report prepared by the U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration for a national program on reduction of workplace hazards for shipbreaking operations, hazardous activities related to shipbreaking are listed as follows [6]: Entry into confined, enclosed and other dangerous atmospheres Paint removal Metal cutting and disposing Powered industrial truck operations Working on elevated surfaces Bilge and ballast water removal Oil and fuel removal and tank cleaning Removal and disposal of ship’s machinery Operations involving cranes, gear, and material handling equipment Cutting and welding operations and use of compressed gas and Activities involving scaffolds, ladders and working services. Belgrade, 2012 284
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