constructing pathways to translation - Higher Education Commission

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Association that takes place within the encounter between analyst and analyzed. These
three levels are related.
The latent content is present within the manifest content and the act of interpretation –
rewriting – which that takes place in relation to the presentation of the manifest content.
The first point to note is that the manifest content is a translation of a latent content. This
is the first level of translation. The second is that the interpretation of the manifest
content involves its translation into the language of consciousness. Both these levels thus
account for the method of translation. It is, however, a translation over which the subject
has no control, and thus, it can never be a question of the ‘fidelity’ or accuracy of the
translation. Translation, here, becomes the description of a particular fundamental
movement (Benjamin, 1989).
Frued’s theory of psycho-analysis is of great help in understanding translation activity in
the true sense of the term, since translation involves all the conscious and sub-conscious
processes not so commonly intelligible. It helps to resolve a number of ambiguities in the
subject, thus providing a valid rationale for the multiple interpretations involved in
Translation.
3.4.8 CONCLUSION
If one wants to translate a text, or texts, he/she needs to consider the constituents that are
operative, at a given moment, and to act accordingly, depending on the target one has set
to achieve.
Translation, thus, has to be seen as probably the most radical form of rewriting in a
literature, or a culture. If one thinks that rewriting shapes the evolution of a literature or a
culture, at least as actual writing, one can analyze different cultures in different times,
test a heuristic model and adapt it. This can be done within a cultural sub-system called
literature, to investigate to what extent rewriting is responsible for the establishment of a
canon of core works, and for the victories and defeats of successive constellations of
poetics and ideologies, or to decide not to stop these. Translation, like other forms of
rewriting, plays an analyzable part in the manipulation of words and concepts which
constitute power in a culture.