constructing pathways to translation - Higher Education Commission

Looking at the Translations from Urdu into English, The Old Man and the Sea has been
translated by Prof Salim Ahmed Siddiqui, as Boorah Aur Samandar. He is not a
prominent name in the Urdu literary world, while Intazar Hussain, who translated The
Red Badge of Courage, as Surkh Tamgha, occupies a major position in the Urdu literary
scenes. Both have executed the same task, yet their techniques, style, skill and translation
approaches are very different. Surgh Tamgha, when analysed thoroughly reflects the
more refined taste and artistic sense of translation compared to Boorah Aur Samadar.The
difference is that while the English novels and their authors belong to two different
generations, their Urdu translators are of the same contemporary generation of Pakistan.
On the other hand, the magnum opus, Kuda Ki Basti, is being translated by the David J.
Matthews, as Gods Own Land: The Novel of Pakistan, is a weak specimen of translation,
being deficient both in language and style. The special aesthetic and artistic taste of the
original is clearly missing from the novel. Thus it stands in a different category of
translation. Oddas Naslein, is translated by the author, himself, Abdullah Hussein,as The
Weary Generations. It is a free translation, or, in other words, trans-creation, where the
style, technique and approach are altogether different from the other translations as well
as the original. Both the translators, Matthews and Hussein, exhibited diverse translation
approaches in the execution of their tasks.
Such diversification in translation types can be categoriesd as Maximum Variation
Sampling, which helps to define and reconfirm the Translation Pedagogy and Process as
the findings prove the validity of Translation Theories and their practical application in
real life translation process.
5.1.7 Size of Sample
Due to limitation of space, four novels and their translations are the selected sample size.
5.1.8 Data Collection Method: Data Triangulation
The data collection method employed is Data Triangulation, because the researcher has
used two instruments to collect data. The data from the Survey Research is used to
confirm the data collected from Content Analysis. Convergence of a pattern in the data
from these varied sources lends credibility to the findings.
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