constructing pathways to translation - Higher Education Commission

PART-I
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Q.1 Approx about all the theories.
Q.2 No.
Q.3 Culture-based and replacement of SL text with TL text.
Q.4 No. There is no particular theory in practice.
Q.5 No role.
Q.6 Yes, A true translation is faithful translation.
Q.7 He should be knowledgeable and well versed and with different techniques and theories of translation.
Q.8 Literary translation is much more difficult because metaphor translator is tight rope walker.
Q.9 Free translation is for Journalism only. Literal and idiomatic are for figurative material. Term based
is for scientific, scholarly work.
Q.10 Yes, For some reasons knowledge of Semantics of both the languages, slang and cell of both the
languages etc.
Q.11 Literary and rhetoric writings skill is required.
Q.12 It is rather a recreative act but only for figurative text.
Q.13 MT can not provide literary translation services.
Q.14 Yes.
Q.15 Yes.
Q.16 Yes, but when there expertise of higher levels is achieved.
PART-II
Q.1 Yes, especially (I) rearrangement (2) additive techniques.
Q.2 No, rather common sense and cultural awareness.
Q.3 There is some reasons for natural abilities but techniques are required to be learnt.
PART-III
Q.1 A recreator, though mediation is also a part of this.
Q.2 Complete but rewriter.
Q.3 1. Reading, 2. Understanding, 3. Under living of specific places, 4. Equivalent finding, 5.
Rearrangement of sentences/phrases, 6. Additives/Adding words etc. 7. Validation, 8. Revisiting, 9. Finalizing.
Q.4 Freedom is in journalism and adaptations only.
Q.5 Lexicographic and cultural background of the languages.
Q.6 No.