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Escalas en Neurología - Sociedade Galega de Neuroloxia

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20-ESCALAS (357-361) 3/6/08 12:56 Página 361<br />

BIBLIOGRAFÍA<br />

Escala 114. ESCALA DE KARNOFSKY<br />

MISCELÁNEA<br />

% Comm<strong>en</strong>ts<br />

100 Normal; no complaints; no evid<strong>en</strong>ce of disease.<br />

90 Able to carry on normal activity; minor signs or symptoms of disease.<br />

80 Normal activity with effort; some signs or symptoms of disease.<br />

70 Care of self; unable to carry on normal activity or to do active work.<br />

60 Requires occasional asistance, but is able to care for most of his needs.<br />

50 Requires consi<strong>de</strong>rable assistance and frequ<strong>en</strong>t medical care.<br />

40 Disabled; requires special care and assistance.<br />

30 Severely disabled; hospitalization is indicated, although <strong>de</strong>ath not immin<strong>en</strong>t.<br />

20 Very disabled; hospitalization necessary; active supportive treatm<strong>en</strong>t is necessary.<br />

10 Moribund; fatal processes progressing rapidly<br />

0 Dead.<br />

B<strong>en</strong>atar, M. 2003, Analytic Neurology. Examinig the evid<strong>en</strong>ce for clinical practice. Butterworth-Heineman.<br />

Burlington.<br />

Bradley, W.G. et al. 2004, Neurology in Clinical Practice. Butterworth. Phila<strong>de</strong>lphia.<br />

Fessler, R.G., Steck, J.C., Giovanini, M.A. 1998, Anterior cervical corpectomy for cervical<br />

spondylotic myelopathy. Neurosurgery; 43: 257-65.<br />

Gajdos, P., Chevret, S., Clair, B., Tranchant, C., Chastang, C. 1997, Clinical trial of plasma exchange<br />

and high-dose intrav<strong>en</strong>ous immunoglobulin in myasth<strong>en</strong>ia gravis. Myasth<strong>en</strong>ia<br />

Gravis Clinical Study Group. Ann Neurol; 41: 789-96.<br />

Herndon, R.M. 1997, Handbook of neurologic rating scales. Demos Verman<strong>de</strong>. NY. (Segunda<br />

edición, 2005).<br />

Jankowitz, B.T., Gerszt<strong>en</strong>, P.C. 2006, Decompression for cervical myelopathy. Decompression<br />

for cervical myelopathy. Spine J 2006; 6 (6 Suppl.): 317S-322S.<br />

Masur, H. 2004, Scales and Scores in Neurology. Quantification of neurological <strong>de</strong>ficits in<br />

reasearch and practice. Thieme. Stuttgart.<br />

Nurick, S. 1972, The natural history and the results of surgical treatm<strong>en</strong>t of the spinal cord<br />

disor<strong>de</strong>r associated with cervical spondylosis. Brain; 95:101-8.<br />

Ropper, A.H., Brown, R.H.2005, Adams and Victor Principles of Neurology. McGraw Hill.<br />

NY.<br />

Serra-Prat, M., Nabal, M., Santacruz, V., Picaza, J.M., Trelis, J. 2004, Grupo Catalán <strong>de</strong> Estudio<br />

<strong>de</strong> la Efectividad <strong>de</strong> los Cuidados Paliativos. Traducción, adaptación y validación <strong>de</strong><br />

la Care Outcome Scale al español. Med Clin (Barc); 123: 406-12.<br />

Solsona, J.F., Sucarrats, A., Maull, E., Barbat, C., García, S., Villares, S. 2003, Toma <strong>de</strong> <strong>de</strong>cisions<br />

al final <strong>de</strong> la vida. Encuesta sobre la actitud ante la muerte <strong>de</strong>l paci<strong>en</strong>te crítico.<br />

Med Clin (Barc); 120: 335-6.<br />

Van <strong>de</strong>r Meche, F.G., Schmitz, P.I. 1992, A randomized trial comparing intrav<strong>en</strong>ous immune<br />

globulin and plasma exchange in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Dutch Guillain-Barré<br />

Study Group. N Engl J Med; 326: 1123-9.<br />

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