Informe completo - Asociación de Investigación y Estudios Sociales

La política económica en guatemala: una perspectiva histórica…ABSTRACTThe objectives of this article are to provide a historical view of the reality concerningto cultural, social, and economical rights of Guatemalan people from1950 to 2002. The emphasis is done to this period of time because it marks the stageprior the internal armed conflict and then the process of negotiation for the peaceAgreements. In parallel to this situation the politics of stabilization and adjustmentbegan with their respective rules. One of these was the Strategy of insertion of theeconomy in the world market which is an indicator of the influence of globalizationthat prepares the may for its establishment and development through the negotiationof the TLC – Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), between the UnitedStates and Central America.A social-economical prospect is presented in this article. The fundamental characteristicof the social-economical profile of Guatemala, is underdevelopment andpoverty. The causes derived from the economical factor are found in the mercantilementalitiy that still prevails, as well as the belief that our competitive advantage isthe cheap hand labor. In adition to low productive investment, as a result, of lowprivate and public saving levels.Besides, this article describes the situation of cultural, social, and economicalrights in Guatemala. The constitutional incorporation of these rights, the ratificationand the approval of international instruments that regulate them are not enough toachieve its demand.Finally, it describes the importance of an economic development. In order to geteconomic development, it´s necessary to overcome important sociological problemssuch as poverty; the crisis of thein force model, the growth of the unemployment,and the scarce investment in human development. These causes have taken theGuatemalan population to the impoverishment and the continuous violation of theircultural, social, and economical rights.–75–