Ravalier PhD Theis.pdf - Anglia Ruskin Research Online

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Professional Efficacy. Similarly, Exhaustion was found to be significantly impacted upon by Demands and Control,
again accepting part of the JDCS model. However, results also suggest that Role as measured by the MSIT impacts
significantly upon both Professional Efficacy and Cynicism, while Change also strongly impacts upon Cynicism.
The JDCS is one of the most often-utilised model of workplace stress and has been applied in a variety of
workplace settings. The model has also been taken into account in numerous studies of stress and stress-related
outcomes, such as the Whitehall-II studies. Indeed the Whitehall studies are amongst the most influential pieces of
research to demonstrate that high demands in combination with low levels of control has an impact on individual
health and wellbeing (Marmot et al., 1991). The results of Survey 1 from the presented work therefore partially
agree with the posited JDCS model in that Demands, Control and Support each played a part in the experience of
Burnout.
Despite this there are elements of the presented findings which diverge away from the JDCS, including the
finding of Role impacting upon both Professional Efficacy and Cynicism, and change also impacting upon Cynicism.
These seemingly divergent findings can be explained in a number of ways. First of all the authors of the JDCS have
argued from its inception that the model was never designed to be a theory which fully explains all of the
antecedents for workplace stress (Theorell, 1996). Despite the JDCS being so widely utilised in workplace research
however, various studies have demonstrated that factors outside of that included within the JDCS impact upon the
factors inherent within Burnout and also concur with the results of the present study. For example, in a sample of
251 doctors and nurses role conflict and ambiguity were both found to be associated with the burnout variables
Emotional Exhaustion (Exhaustion), Depersonalisation (Cynicism) and Personal Accomplishment (Professional
Efficacy) as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (Tunc & Kutanis, 2009).