3 - Geografski inštitut Antona Melika - ZRC SAZU

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GEOGRAFIJA SLOVENIJE 14 PODOMAÊNA TUJA ZEMLJEPISNA IMENA V SLOVENSKIH ATLASIH SVETA Drago Kladnik © 2007, Geografski in{titut Antona Melika ZRC SAZU Urednik: Drago Perko Recenzenta: Jurij Kunaver, Alenka [ivic-Dular Kartografki: Jerneja Fridl, Mateja Breg Prevajalec: Donald F. Reindl Oblikovalec: Drago Perko Izdajatelj: Geografski in{titut Antona Melika ZRC SAZU Za izdajatelja: Drago Perko Zalo`nik: Zalo`ba ZRC Za zalo`nika: Oto Luthar Glavni urednik: Vojislav Likar Ra~unalni{ki prelom: SYNCOMP d. o. o. Tiskarna: Littera picta, d. o. o., Ljubljana Naklada: 400 izvodov Naslovnica: Izsek zemljevida Zahodna poluta na listu Obraz cele zemlje v polutah, prvem od osemnajstih listov v Cigaletovem Atlantu (1869–1877), kjer so podoma~ena tuja zemljepisna imena prvi~ sistemati~no obdelana in grafi~no ponazorjena. Avtor fotografije na predlistu je Marko Zaplatil, na zalistu pa Milan Oroèn Adami~. Izid publikacije je podprla Javna agencija za raziskovalno dejavnost Republike Slovenije. CIP – Katalo`ni zapis o publikaciji Narodna in univerzitetna knji`nica, Ljubljana 81'373.21 912.44(497.4):81'373.21 KLADNIK, Drago, 1955– Podoma~ena tuja zemljepisna imena v slovenskih atlasih sveta / Drago Kladnik ; [kartografka Jerneja Fridl ; prevajalec Donald F. Reindl]. – Ljubljana : Zalo`ba ZRC, 2007. – (Geografija Slovenije; 14) ISBN 978-961-254-026-5 235420672 4
GEOGRAFIJA SLOVENIJE 14 GEOGRAFIJA SLOVENIJE 14 PODOMAÊNA TUJA ZEMLJEPISNA IMENA V SLOVENSKIH ATLASIH SVETA Drago Kladnik UDK: 81'373.21 912.43(497.4):81'373.21 COBISS: 2.01 IZVLEÊK Podoma~ena tuja zemljepisna imena v slovenskih atlasih sveta [tudija predstavlja raznovrstne vidike rabe podoma~enih tujih zemljepisnih imen oziroma eksonimov v sloven{~ini. Kartografska raba teh imen je oprta na skoraj stoletje in pol dolgo tradicijo. Podrobno je predstavljena problematika rabe podoma~enih tujih zemljepisnih imen v vseh pomembnej{ih slovenskih atlasih sveta, pa tudi v Velikem splo{nem leksikonu in slovarskem delu najnovej{ega Slovenskega pravopisa. Podoma~ena tuja zemljepisna imena so obdelana glede na njihovo regionalno pripadnost in pomenske tipe, za imena v {tirih najbolj reprezentativnih atlasih pa je bila na novo zasnovana in preu- ~ena tudi tipologija poslovenjenih tujih zemljepisnih imen glede na stopnjo in vrsto podoma~evanja. Raba podoma~enih tujih zemljepisnih imen v posameznih obdelanih virih je kriti~no osvetljena, tako da je z vidika imenoslovja mogo~e razbrati njihovo dejansko vrednost in zanesljivost. Zbrano gradivo je podlaga za prepotrebno standardizacijo podoma~enih tujih zemljepisnih imen, ki jo priporo~ajo resolucije konferenc Zdruènih narodov o standardizaciji zemljepisnih imen. Te posamezne ~lanice tudi nenehno pozivajo k omejevanju rabe eksonimov, kar pa je do dolo~ene mere v nasprotju z jezikovno avtonomijo. KLJU^NE BESEDE geografija, kartografija, toponimika, zemljepisno ime, podoma~eno tuje zemljepisno ime, eksonim, atlas, standardizacija ABSTRACT Adapted exonyms in Slovenian world atlases This study presents various aspects of the use of adapted exonyms (i. e., foreign geographical names) in Slovenian. The cartographic use of these names rests on a long tradition dating back nearly a century and a half. This study presents the issues related to the use of adapted exonyms in all major Slovenian world atlases, including the Veliki splo{ni leksikon (Large General Encyclopedia) and the dictionary section of the latest Slovenski pravopis (Slovenian Normative Guide). Adapted exonyms are treated based on their regional affiliation and semantic type and, for names in the four most prominent atlases, the typology of Slovenianized exonyms has been redesigned and studied with regard to level and type of adaptation. The use of adapted exonyms in the individual sources treated is critically discussed, enabling an onomastic understanding of their actual value and reliability. The collected material is a basis for the greatly needed standardization of adapted exonyms, as recommended by the resolutions of the United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names. These resolutions consistently demand that individual UN member states limit the use of exonyms, which to some degree contradicts the principle of linguistic autonomy. KEY WORDS geography, cartography, toponymy, geographical name, adopted foreign geographical name, exonym, atlas, standardization 5
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3 - Geografski inštitut Antona Melika - ZRC SAZU

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