03.06.2013 Views

"evropuli qartia saqarTvelo "European Charter for Regional or ...

"evropuli qartia saqarTvelo "European Charter for Regional or ...

"evropuli qartia saqarTvelo "European Charter for Regional or ...

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Chan examples: gamuħtimuţu "s/he had gone out", muħtimuţu "s/he<br />

had come" (G. Kartozia, 2005, p. 101).<br />

The <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mation of Perfect Subjunctive in literary Ge<strong>or</strong>gian is defined<br />

by that of Pluperfect: Perfect Subjunctive is <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>med from Pluperfect<br />

the same way as Present and Future Subjunctive screeves are <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>m<br />

from Imperfect and Conditional respectively. Perfect Subjunctive of active<br />

voice verbs coincides with Present Subjunctive of static passive<br />

verbs.<br />

a) -a, -e, -o suffixes are attached to transitive verbs in Perfect<br />

Subjunctive.<br />

Also, in Megrelian-Chan the Perfect Subjunctive is based on Pluperfect.<br />

Suffix -a generally dominates as a <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mant. -e is relatively rare.<br />

(do)m-i-ħanţ-u-d-a-s "may I paint" (do)m-i-ħanţ-u-d-a-n "may we paint"<br />

(do)g-i-ħanţ-u-d-a-s "may you paint" (do)g-i-ħanţ-u-d-a-n "may you paint"<br />

(do)u-ħanţ-u-d-a-s "may s/he paint" (do)-u-ħanţ-u-d-a-n "may they paint"<br />

Chan examples: dogirčapuţas "may you spread out", giķvandapuţa s<br />

"may you go begging" (G. Kartozia, 205, p. 102).<br />

The <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mation of Perfect Subjunctive in Khevsurian, where the<br />

only -a suffix is used, is identical to <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mation of Perfect Subjunctive in<br />

Chan: da-m-e-ħaţ-a-s, da-g-e-ħaţ-a-s, da-e-ħaţ-a-s…<br />

The principle of Perfect Subjunctive <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mation is analogous in<br />

Svan dialects: m-i-mār-ēn-s < * m-i-mār-ēn-e-s "may I prepare". Here<br />

the subjunctive -e suffix is elided. Svan suffixes are as follows: Balszemoan,<br />

Lashkh: -ēn, Balskvemoan, Lentekhian: -en, Balskvemoan: en-e.<br />

b) In Archaic Ge<strong>or</strong>gian the bipersonal intransitive verbs have<br />

<strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>ms of synthetical <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>mation also in Perfect Subjunctive: da-v-h-viċqeb-od-i,<br />

da-h-viċq-eb-od-i, da-h-viċq-eb-od-i-s…<br />

In modern Ge<strong>or</strong>gian the screeve marker is -e, instead of -i: da-vviċq-eb-od-e,<br />

da-viċq-eb-od-e, da-viċq-eb-od-e-s…<br />

In Megrealian-Chan the suffix -a generally occurs as the Perfect<br />

Subjunctive marker: do-p’-ĉv-ele-d-a "may I be burnt down", do-ĉv-ele-da,<br />

do-ĉv-ele-d-a-s…<br />

c) unipersonal verbs in Archaic Ge<strong>or</strong>gian are <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>md descriptively:<br />

the auxiliary verb is represented by the <strong>f<strong>or</strong></strong>m of Optative: ċarsrul viqo,<br />

ċarsrul iqo, ċarsrul iqos… cf.: modern Ge<strong>or</strong>gian: ċav -sul-iqavi, ċa-suliqavi,<br />

ċa-sul-iqos…<br />

281

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!