"evropuli qartia saqarTvelo "European Charter for Regional or ...

p’iri (Imeretian), ķoči ¥ude (Megrelian) "a man’s house", žeği gezal (Svan)
"son of a bitch", etc. Machakhelian: topi ħmaze (Sh. Putkaradze, 1993, p. 29).
Taoan: p’arħli kilisa (Sh. Putkaradze, 1993, p. 35).
Postpositional modifiers are usually inflected for case: Megrelian:
¥ude ķočiši "a house of a man", ¥udek ķočišik... Chan: oħori jaši "a house of
wood", oħorik jašik, oħoris jašis... Svan: lusdgvärs vokvräš "(dat.) golden
plaited hair", etc.
According to V. Topuria (1954, p. 455), the similar phenomena
that occur in declension of the modifier-modified have the same basis,
namely: tendency towards expression of newly acquired identical functions
by means of a language; tendency towards simplification of complicated
forms and various types of unification.
Structure of simple sentence. In literary Georgian the relationship
between subject and predicate is defined by transitivityintransitivity
(the occurrence of direct object): a noun is in Nominative
case if a predicate is expressed by an intransitive verb; while the subject
that is connected to the transitive verb-predicate is declinable – in
Nominative (Series 1), Narrative (Series 2) and Dative (Series 3).
The above-mentioned syntactic rule is mainly preserved in Kartvelian
idioms except for Megrelian-Chan.
In Megrelian the subject in always in Narrative case with the
forms of Series 2 (despite transitivity-intransitivity). While in Chan
transitivity is important: for a relevant transitive verb a subject is always
in Narrative case in all series.
In Acharan similar cases to Chan are attested: ħelmċipem ķlavs ;
kajebma sačečlit deečħliţen ... (A. Kiziria, 1982, p. 105). Also, in Livanan:
ise iţqvian ĵvelebma (Sh. Putkaradze, 1993, p. 21).
Apart from Megrelian, a subject in Narrative, instead of Nominative,
is attested with intransitive verbs of Series 2 in Imeretian, Lechkhumian,
Rachan, Gurian, Acharan, Imerkhevian, Machakhelian, Kartlian,
Kakhetian, Fereydanian dialects:
Lower Imeretian: ħp’om geeķida jors; Lechkhumian: am kalma dapikrda;
Gurian: mevida sağamos devma; Acharan: adga am dedaberma; Kartlian:
dilit ċolma adga; Kakhetian: im bibebma gavidnen ķaloze; Fereydanian:
moyda kerimħanma; Imerkhevian: bebrma mivida pašastan... A. Kiziria,
1982, pp. 103-105); datvma gamomesħriķa (Sh. Putkaradze, 1993, p. 29).
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