"evropuli qartia saqarTvelo "European Charter for Regional or ...

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msgavsi SemTxvevebi sporadulad sxva dialeqtebSic gvxvdeba, kerZod: a>o: taniani>toniani (her.-kak.), deda>dedo (aWar.), Wapani>Wopani (mox.), mzareuli>mzoreuli (qarTl.)... e>a: jebiri>jabiri, qeifi>qaifi/qaibi (xevs.), zeiT>zaiT, kidev>kidav, mere>mamre (mox.)... i>e: iyo>eyo (her.), mandili>mandeli (xevs.), xesaviT>xesaveT (imer.), unagiri>unageri (raW.)... 71 rogorc vnaxeT, saerToqarTvelur xmovnebs Tvisobrivad erTgvari refleqsebi aqvs yvela qarTvelur kiloSi, Tumca megrul-WanurSi xmovanTmonacvleoba SedarebiT re- gularulia. zanuri variantebis Sesaxeb arn.Ciqobava aRniSnavs, rom sxvaobas iwvevs artikulaciis cvla, kerZod, zanurSi moxda bgeraTa warmoTqmis (warmoebis) ukan gadaweva. mkvlevris azriT, aRniSnuli procesi erTbaSad ar momxdara, igi Tanda- Tan viTardeboda da sabolood Camoyalibda rogorc garkveuli bgeraTSesatyvisoba (arn.Ciqobava, 1938, gv. 6-9, 441- 442). aqve ismis kiTxva: Tuki artikulaciis ukan gadaweva moxda, ratom ganicada es mxolod fonemaTa mcire nawilma (mag., d, T, t ratom ar gadaiwia Z, c, w-d)? garda amisa, a > o procesis gansaxorcieleblad sakmarisi ar aris enis ukan gadaweva; a 71 cnobilia sxva saxis xmovanTmonacvleobis faqtebic, kerZod, zogi mecnieris azriT: s.qarTv. i > megr.-Wan. e: mayare (megr.) `mayari", qoTume (Wan.) `qaTami"... vfiqrobT, i/e aq ufro morfologiuri ekvivalentebia, vidre - fonetikuri saxesxvaobebi. aqve e : i monacvleobis Sesaxeb: g. rogava aRniSnavs, rom zanurSi e xmovnis gadasvla i xmovanSi poziciuri xasiaTisaa: ea xmovanTkompleqsi gadadis ia-Si: mware>mwaria, eama>iama (fS.)... aq saqme gvaqvs xmovanTa disimilaciasTan, ukeT, garkveul xmovanTa kompleqsis dif- TongizaciasTan: ea>ia/~a. megrulSi disimilacias adgili aqvs maSinac, roca e da a xmovnebi TanxmovniTaa gaTiSuli: deda>dida, venaxi>binexi, ena>nina, netavi>nite, mtevani>tiani, mwevari>wiari... ( g. rogava, 1975). xmovanTa variantebis gamovlenis mixedviT sxvaobs megrul-Wanuri kiloebic, mag.: a/e: JaSxa/JeSxa (megr.) `kvira", WaWa/WeWa (Wan.) ... (Sdr.: rabe (kak.)/rebe (aliabaT.), fayi (aliabaT.) /feyi (kak.) `fexi")... i/e: dixa(megr.), dexa(Wan.) `miwa"; qoTomi (megr.), qoTume (Wan.) `qaTami". u/i: Wan. quri/megr. qiri, Wan. Juri/megr. Jiri, Wan. juma/megr. jima, Wan. guruni/megr. girini... viw.-arq. lumji/xof. limji, viw.-arq. nusa/xof. nisa, viw.arq. fuquri/xof. fiqiri `yvavili"... (Sdr.: SaaJdina (aliabaT.)/SaaJdOna (kak.)... 69
o labializaciaa, Sesabamisad, artikulaciis win gadmoweva ufroa (Sdr., agreTve: da - da, da - do (kavSiri), Sen - si tipis mimarTebebi)... aRsaniSnavia isic, rom megrul-WanurSi s.qarTv. a xmovani yvela SemTxvevaSi ar gadadis o-Si: ufro xSirad a ucvleli rCeba. aseve daxasiaTdeba s.qarTv. e : zan. a Sesatyvisobac. 72 saerToqarTveluri enis TanxmovanTa dialeqturi variantebi (TanxmovanTSesatyvisobani). saerToqarTve-luri enis Tanxmovnebi qarTvelur qvesistemebSi ZiriTadad ucvlelia. gansxvavebul suraTs qmnis sibilantebi. zanursa da svanurSi sibilantTa cvlileba kanonzomier da regularul xasiaTs atarebs da TanxmovanTSesatyvisobis saxeliT aris cnobili. a) sisina TanxmovanTa refleqsebi specialur literaturaSi aRniSnulia, rom megrul- Wanur-svanuris SiSina Tanxmovnebi s.qarTveluri sisina Tanxmovnebis Sesatyvisad aris Sedegi artikulaciis ukan gadawevisa (arn.Ciqobava, 1938, gv.6-9, 441-442; s.JRenti, 1949, gv.130- 133; g.rogava, 1953, gv.42-43; v.Tofuria, 1960, gv.150). garkveul SemTxvevebSi saerToqarTveluri sisina Tanxmovani megrul-Wanur-svanurSi imave sisina TanxmovniT aris warmodgenili, mag.: s.qarTv. mZaRe, megr. ZuRe, svan. mH-ZiR; s.qarTv. cxemla, megr. cxemuri/cximuri, svan. cxum/cxHm/cxEim.... kanonzomier SesatyvisobaTagan gadaxvevebi specialur literaturaSi sxvadasxvagvaradaa axsnili: mkvlevarTa nawili (g. maWavariani, k. Smidti, g. wereTeli, m. qurdiani...) varaudobs saerToqarTvelurSi spirantebisa da afrikatebis sami rigis (wina, Sua da ukana) arsebobas. 72 saerToqarTvelur xmovanTa refleqsebi literaturaSi sxvadasxvagvaradaa gaanalizebuli; ix.: i.yifSiZe,1914; arn.Ciqobava,1938; g.maWavariani, 1958; T.gayreliZe, g.maWavariani, 1965; t.futkaraZe, 1989; t. futkaraZe,1990; t.futkaraZe, e.dadiani, 2005... 70
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tariel futkaraZe eka dadiani revaz
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ganaTlebis erovnuli instituti Natio
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In April 1999 Georgia became a memb
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The book is published by the sponso
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1.2.2. brunvaTa sistema ...........
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Recommendations and the Law on Migr
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Preface More than a century Russian
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dutu megreli (1867-1938): ქარ
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evrosabWos saparlamento asambleis 1
Page 19 and 20: debulebebis araswori, saqarTvelosTv
Page 21 and 22: samwuxarod, ukve evrokavSiris eqspe
Page 23 and 24: enobrivi istoriisa Tu awmyos Sesaxe
Page 25 and 26: svanuri; 11. osuri 21 . Sdr., aseve
Page 27 and 28: damtkicebas cdiloben ruseTis imperi
Page 29 and 30: saqarTvelos enobrivi situaciis sxva
Page 31 and 32: qarTvelTa istoria sam ZiriTad monak
Page 33 and 34: zaxefi... xe moWarili ren: naCalnik
Page 35 and 36: adgilobrivi renegatis (Tada aSordia
Page 37 and 38: amgvari enobrivi politikis dagegmva
Page 39 and 40: Tis gadarCenis gegma, romelic sxvad
Page 41 and 42: moifiqrebda, Tu am gonivruls wess,
Page 43 and 44: ogorc qarTveli eris ganuyrel, organ
Page 45 and 46: lobriv sasuliero uwyebas Soris am n
Page 47 and 48: saqarTvelosa da qarTvelis eris namd
Page 49 and 50: 2008 wlebis ruseT-saqarTvelos omiT
Page 51 and 52: gv. 6-7): "qarTuli ena, rogorc qarT
Page 53 and 54: umwerlobo dedaenaa, xolo qarTuli -
Page 55 and 56: metyvelebis) gamijvna; SeiZleba dab
Page 57 and 58: 1.1.2. qarTvelur ena-kiloTa istorii
Page 59 and 60: 1.1.3. Tanamedrove qarTveluri qvesi
Page 61 and 62: madidebelma eklesiam wmindanad Sera
Page 63 and 64: lis salaroSi arc erTs Zmazed Sen na
Page 65 and 66: qvejgufad warmovadgenT: centraluri
Page 67 and 68: neitraluri H bgera met-naklebad yve
Page 69: (Turq.) "batoni", oFridi (berZn.) "
Page 73 and 74: g) SiSina Tanxmovani ucvlelia, ar g
Page 75 and 76: qarTvelur qvesistemebSi fonetikur c
Page 77 and 78: megrulSi v- prefiqsi i xmovanprefiq
Page 79 and 80: 3. vi (Ei)>u SedarebiT iSviaTia: mS
Page 81 and 82: moTxrobiTi brunva saliteraturo qarT
Page 83 and 84: (mTiul.). am SemTxvevaSi -~s, -~h,
Page 85 and 86: yamda ori vaJiSvili, umfrosi rva wl
Page 87 and 88: megrulis daniSnulebiTis forma zusti
Page 89 and 90: I seriis mwkrivTa warmoebis princip
Page 91 and 92: v/p-tibu-q “”vTbebi” v/p-tibu
Page 93 and 94: zanurSic gardamaval zmnebs I-II pir
Page 95 and 96: svanur kiloebSi I kavSirebiTis mawa
Page 97 and 98: guaT-e `gavaTave", do-v/p-kil-e `da
Page 99 and 100: svanur kiloebSic II kavSirebiTis ni
Page 101 and 102: wewavs, Wedavs, xexavs, xocavs... a
Page 103 and 104: TurmeobiTsa da III kavSirebiTSi gam
Page 105 and 106: Wanuris nimuSebi: miTqvafutu ”meT
Page 107 and 108: (do)g-i-xant-u-d-a-s `gexatos" (do)
Page 109 and 110: prefiqsiani yalibis identuria rogor
Page 111 and 112: gaziarebis SemTxvevaSi Zneli asaxsn
Page 113 and 114: iS, B@ni(S) muWES, B@ni(S) muW-d (a
Page 115 and 116: umTavres nawils qmnis saerToqarTvel
Page 117 and 118: sistemuri msgavseba-gansxvaveba ar
Page 119 and 120: ogorc eTnosis istoriuli kulturis in
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warmodgenili qarTuli Targmanebisa d
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official language (ganmartebiTi mox
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gavrcelebuli enebi") daiwunes da up
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gamoyenebasa da ganviTarebas... mis
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aqve warmovadgenT mocemul saxelmwif
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Seuwyon da waaxalison I-dan da III-
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Sesaxeb perioduli moxsenebebis Sedg
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umciresobebis uflebebsa da im pirTa
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2.2. "erovnul umciresobaTa Sesaxeb
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enaze swavlis an am enaze instruqta
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cxovrebaSi ganurCevlad maTi erovnul
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omlebmac ZiriTadad ar ician qarTuli
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aWaruli, guruli, imeruli, leCxumuri
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mesxuri variantebi ki warmoqmnilia
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uSualo mizania qarTveluri (megrul-l
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om igi ar moicavs migrantTa enebs"
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cnobilia, rom saqarTvelos erT-erT i
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Sdr., t. vixerkeviCis jgufis rekome
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statusis sakiTxi dRemde diskusiis T
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ganaCines: dauSvebelia istoriis gay
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qarTuli enobriv-eTnikuri erToba, Se
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standartuli (normalizebuli) da ar g
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leqsika, wes-Cveulebebi, eTnografiu
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Sdr.: t. vixerkeviCis jgufis dausab
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kanonmdeblobiT; mag., ix.: saqarTve
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konkretulad romeli enebi unda CaiTv
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warmoadgens diasporas da romeli und
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saqarTvelos moqalaqe 4 371 535 100.
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t.vixerkeviCis jgufis dausabuTebeli
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kargi iqneboda, am rekomendaciis av
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amisa, "regionuli an umciresobis en
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konstantine gamsaxurdia: "XX saukun
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T. gamyreliZe, "oqros sawmisi" da Z
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dentTa samecniero Sromebis krebuli,
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S. niJaraZe, zemoaWarulis Tavisebur
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t. futkaraZe, evropuli qartia regio
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arn. Ciqobava, iberiul-kavkasiur en
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TinaTin SaraZeniZe ("enaTa klasifik
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Tariel Putkaradze Eka Dadiani Revaz
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tion of National Minorities". Is it
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language (national language) 234 .
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In fact, Georgian language is a his
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authors, Armenian and Azeri languag
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Jonathan Wheatley is well aware tha
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In order to clarify the meaning of
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- 1801-1990 years: period of Russia
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In terms of ideology, a secret lett
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They implanted in the minds of the
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During the 6-year period (1929-1934
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pert and P. J. Hillery who are supp
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perceive, to open their eyes and ma
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Samegrelo. They took advantage of t
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_ What language would you prefer as
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war the neighbouring empire impleme
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national language (ethnic language,
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status of a language or a dialect.
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Zhirmunsky, E. Coseriu), I. Clopeck
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Arn. Chikobava: Zan-Svan 234 Svan Z
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Pkhovian, Kartlian or Imerkhevian e
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districts and almost any villages o
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and semantic structures of the give
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positional (reduced) variant of a v
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(Aliabatian) f, usually occurs in c
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out the a >o process; a > o is labi
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c) a hushing consonant remains unch
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Ghlonti, 1936; V. Topuria, 1954; M.
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le (Ts. Janjghava, 1989, p. 44). Fo
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1.2.2. Declension System Declension
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for both the Svan -em/n marker and
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zoblep-Ø duriges, ķardlep-Ø mwa
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Cf.: Old Georgian: ċqaro -yt/ċqar
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The forms with i-za ending appear i
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1. dialects, which are characterize
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Opinions regarding origin and funct
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Chan p’-ĉar-um-ţ-i "I was writi
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mār-a-d-e-s, Lashkh: a-mār-d-e-s
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As a result of unification one mark
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) suffix -e is present in verbs wit
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has found out", ausħam(i-s) "he ha
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In Old Georgian only the auxiliary
Page 281 and 282:
Apart from synthetic formation of b
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In Megrelian a group of unipersonal
Page 285 and 286:
The template for a screeve consider
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with the attributive modifier in ca
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Similar facts are rarely attested i
Page 291 and 292:
other dialects. Therefore, Megrelia
Page 293 and 294:
Tinatin Sharadzenidze ("Language Cl
Page 295 and 296:
"The concept of language as used in
Page 297 and 298:
language of a national minority 329
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historical language - (31) 340 ; cf
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3. a language of a non-historical m
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al or minority languages of Europe,
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a) i to make available pre-school e
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) to foster the different means of
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epresenting a minority in the state
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Some experts consider even the Arme
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man Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
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In this case, bilingual education (
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the Soviet scientific influence, so
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cluded in school textbooks as a too
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2.3.2. The Issue of Languages of Hi
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It is well known that the Armenian
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problems though only approximately
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In our opinion, outdated and incons
Page 329 and 330:
common Greek language that was tota
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Naturally, the term "unwritten Geor
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logava G. Gasviani, R. Khvistani, L
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There is not historical autochthono
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The linguistic rights of ethnic min
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Specifically which languages are to
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The problem is complicated by the f
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One important question:like in Geor
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tection for historical minorities -
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the borders of Turkey, the very pro
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megrulis, lazuris, svanuris, taouri
Page 351 and 352:
T. Gamkrelidze, Z. Kiknadze, I. Sha
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O. Kakhadze, Specificity of Okribi
Page 355 and 356:
A. Oniani, Again on Kartvelian lang
Page 357 and 358:
Sh. Putkaradze, Peculiarities of So
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Sh. Dzidziguri, Descriptive analysi
Page 361 and 362:
Konstantine Gamsakhurdia: "The lite
Page 363 and 364:
Paragraph 32 of the Explanatory Rep
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ozeta gujejiani, beJan xorava qarTu
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xelaia, petre Waraia...). msgavsi m
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is swored svanursa da megrul/lazurS
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Roseta Gujejiani, Bezhan Khorava Fr
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In 1941, in the most difficult peri
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cited as inhabiting Georgia include
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Tariel Putkaradze Tariel Putkaradze
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gamoqveynebuli aqvs enaTmecnieruli
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Revaz Sherozia In 1975 he graduated
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qarTuli aso-niSnebis saerTaSoriso (
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q q q k k q k q° k° k° R R R ğ
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