Scarica il documento - Dipartimento per la Giustizia Minorile

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the spirit of Mi is characterized by:
• Motivation to change is elicited from the client and not imposed from without.
• It is the client’s task, not the counsellor’s to articulate and resolve his or her ambivalence.
• Direct persuasion is not an effective method for resolving ambivalence.
• The counselling style is directive in helping the client to examine and resolve ambivalence.
• Readiness to change is not a client trait, but a fluctuating product of interpersonal
interaction.
• The relationship between counsellor and client is more like a partnership or companionship
than having expert and recipient roles.
the principles are:
• Avoid discussion.
• Roll with resistance.
• Express empathy.
• Support self-efficacy.
• Reflect selectively (i.e. reflection that is mainly directed at issues that can be motivating
for the desired change of behaviour).
• Develop discrepancy (i.e. trying to break through the differences between the current
behaviour and the explanation the client gives for this behaviour).
and last but not least the basic or micro skills of Mi are:
• Giving attention.
• Open-ended questions.
• Active and reflective listening at four levels (repeating, rephrasing, paraphrasing
and reflecting of feelings).
• Affirming.
• Summarizing in an organizing way.
Within Mi motivation is not seen as a mental situation wherein a person is motivated
or not (compare with a light switch that is ‘on’ or ‘off’) and neither as a personal trait. in
Mi counsellors make use of the Cycle of Change developed by prochaska & diclemente.
in the conception of prochaska & diclemente motivation is seen as a dynamic, cyclical process
that can be influenced. this cycle consists of six stages of change that can be passed
through several times:
1) precontemplation: the client is not (yet) aware of having a problem; s/he denies
having a problem and is not motivated for change.
2) Contemplation: the client is not happy with the current behaviour but has not yet
decided to change.
3) determination: the client decides that s/he has to change but has not yet started
any action towards change.
4) action: the client has started action towards change.
5) Maintenance: the client has changed and is trying to maintain the new behaviour.
6) relapse: the client relapses into the former behaviour.