08.06.2013 Views

Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

SHOW MORE
SHOW LESS

Create successful ePaper yourself

Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.

Contents<br />

13.2 How to Correct P1–P2 and P1–C1 Code Biases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282<br />

13.2.1 When are DCBs Relevant? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283<br />

13.2.2 Correcting P1–C1 Code Biases on RINEX Level . . . . . . . . . . 284<br />

13.3 Determination of <strong>GNSS</strong> Code Biases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />

13.3.1 P1–P2 Code Biases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />

13.3.2 P1–C1 Code Biases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />

13.3.3 Verification of the Receiver Tracking Technology . . . . . . . . . . 285<br />

13.3.4 Remark on GLONASS Code Biases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286<br />

14. Clock Estimation 289<br />

14.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289<br />

14.2 Precise Clock Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291<br />

14.2.1 Epoch-Wise Clock Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291<br />

14.2.2 Selection of the Reference Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293<br />

14.2.3 Program Output and Result Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294<br />

14.2.4 Precise Receiver Clock Synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297<br />

14.3 Clock RINEX Utility in <strong>Bernese</strong> <strong>GPS</strong> <strong>Software</strong> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298<br />

14.3.1 Extracting Satellite Clocks from Clock RINEX Files . . . . . . . . 298<br />

14.3.2 Basic Processing of Clock RINEX Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299<br />

14.3.3 Combining Clock RINEX Files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300<br />

14.3.4 Selection and Alignment of the Reference Clock . . . . . . . . . . . 302<br />

14.3.5 Clock Jump Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303<br />

14.3.6 Clock Extrapolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305<br />

14.4 Satellite Clock Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305<br />

14.5 Generation of High Rate Clocks Using Program CLKEST . . . . . . . . . . 307<br />

15. Estimation of Satellite Orbits and Earth Orientation Parameters 309<br />

15.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309<br />

15.2 Orbit Prediction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310<br />

15.2.1 Fitting Precise Files and Predicting Orbits . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310<br />

15.2.2 Preparation and Extrapolation of Earth orientation Information . 310<br />

15.2.3 Conversion of Standard Orbit Files to Precise Files . . . . . . . . . 311<br />

15.3 Orbit Improvement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311<br />

15.3.1 The Procedure for Orbit Improvement in the <strong>Bernese</strong> <strong>Software</strong> . . 312<br />

15.3.1.1 Prepare A Priori Orbit Information . . . . . . . . . . . . 312<br />

15.3.1.2 Improve Orbit Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313<br />

15.3.1.3 Update Improved Orbit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316<br />

15.3.2 Orbit Combination with ADDNEQ2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317<br />

15.3.3 Production of Three-Day Orbital Arcs at CODE . . . . . . . . . . 318<br />

15.4 Estimation of Earth Orientation and Geocenter Parameters . . . . . . . . . 319<br />

15.4.1 Motivation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319<br />

15.4.2 Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320<br />

15.4.3 Estimation of Earth Orientation Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . 321<br />

15.4.3.1 Options in <strong>GPS</strong>EST . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321<br />

15.4.3.2 Options in ADDNEQ2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322<br />

15.4.4 Estimation of Geocenter Coordinates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324<br />

16. Antenna Phase Center Offsets and Variations 327<br />

Page VIII AIUB

Hooray! Your file is uploaded and ready to be published.

Saved successfully!

Ooh no, something went wrong!