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Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

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22. Data Structure<br />

22.10.4 Variance-Covariance Matrix<br />

Type: ASCII<br />

Directory: Campaign-specific directory OUT.<br />

Extension: COV<br />

Content: Variance-covariance matrix of the least square adjustment.<br />

Created by: <strong>GPS</strong>EST (”Menu>Processing>Parameter estimation”), ADDNEQ2 (”Menu>Processing<br />

>Normal equation stacking”), and COMPAR (”Menu>Service>Coordinate tools>Coordinate<br />

comparison”, only type 1).<br />

Used by: COMPAR for combination of solutions.<br />

Example: Figures 22.53 (type 1) and Figures 22.54 (type 2), ${X}/DOC/EXAMPLE.COV<br />

(type 2).<br />

There are two different file types that may be created.<br />

(1) Variance-covariance matrix of the station coordinates and velocities only (may be used<br />

as input together with the coordinate files in the program COMPAR).<br />

(2) The full variance-covariance matrix including a parameter characterization list at the<br />

beginning of the file. We do not recommend to specify this type of output, because this<br />

file cannot be used in other <strong>Bernese</strong> programs and a big file may be created. The file<br />

may be useful for external investigations. An example file is given in the distribution.<br />

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />

UPPER TRIANGULAR PART OF VARIANCE-COVARIANCE MATRIX FOR COORDINATES/VELOCITIES:<br />

------------------------------------------------------------------------------<br />

RMS OF UNIT WEIGHT: 0.0010 # OBS: 19659 # UNKNOWNS: 331<br />

STATION 1 XYZ STATION 2 XYZ FLG MATRIX ELEMENT<br />

BRUS 13101M004 X BRUS 13101M004 X 0.4637652186D+00<br />

BRUS 13101M004 Y BRUS 13101M004 X 0.2619450388D-01<br />

BRUS 13101M004 Y BRUS 13101M004 Y 0.5481575670D-01<br />

BRUS 13101M004 Z BRUS 13101M004 X 0.4376351042D+00<br />

BRUS 13101M004 Z BRUS 13101M004 Y 0.1999479213D-01<br />

BRUS 13101M004 Z BRUS 13101M004 Z 0.5810036583D+00<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 X BRUS 13101M004 X -0.6122114372D-02<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 X BRUS 13101M004 Y 0.6642767677D-02<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 X BRUS 13101M004 Z -0.9806235900D-02<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 X FFMJ 14279M001 X 0.3983508619D+00<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 Y BRUS 13101M004 X 0.4720064033D-02<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 Y BRUS 13101M004 Y -0.1997739720D-02<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 Y BRUS 13101M004 Z 0.4207386013D-02<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 Y FFMJ 14279M001 X 0.4152275751D-01<br />

FFMJ 14279M001 Y FFMJ 14279M001 Y 0.4816475320D-01<br />

...<br />

Figure 22.53: Variance-covariance (COV) file of type 1.<br />

Page 542 AIUB

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