Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

10.4 Estimating Kinematic Coordinates
• Define station information:
The station information (second part of the file, TYPE 002) is mainly used to update
the information written into SINEX files. If a new antenna eccentricity is specified the
estimated coordinates then refer to the new values. All other changes do not influence
the coordinate estimation.
• Handle station problems:
Stations can be excluded from processing for a defined time interval by adding a
corresponding line to section three of the station information file (TYPE 003). The
coordinates and all other station specific parameters (like troposphere parameters)
are then pre-eliminated before stacking without any constraints applied. This may
become necessary in case of station problems (e.g., an antenna change during the
session or an outlier in the time series).
• Constraints for station coordinates and velocities:
Section four of the file (TYPE 004) offers the possibility to set up relative coordinate
and velocity constraints between different stations. As constraints apply to the estimated
improvements, the a priori values for the affected parameters should be equal
if the estimates shall be constrained to the same values. With this kind of relative
constraints it is possible, e.g., to estimate one and the same velocity for two different
stations located very close together.
An entry in the station information file is applied to the corresponding parameters in the
normal equation file if two conditions are met: the station name is identical and the epochs
of the parameters are covered by the time interval given in the station information file (with
a ±10 minutes margin).
If option “Notify changes due to station information file” in panel “ADDNEQ2 3.2: Options 2” (see
Figure 9.7) is enabled, a warning message is issued in the program output file notifying each
change of station information based on the station information file.
10.4 Estimating Kinematic Coordinates
The Bernese GPS Software, Version 5.0 , allows the estimation of kinematic, i.e., epoch-wise
receiver coordinates in the zero-difference and precise point positioning mode as well as in
the double-difference mode. Processing of mixed, kinematic and static stations is possible in
the same solution allowing, e.g., to process data from two stations in baseline mode, one of
them static, the other kinematic. Phase or (smoothed) code observations can be analyzed.
For technical reasons the combined analysis of code and phase data is only possible in the
zero-difference mode.
10.4.1 General Remarks on Preprocessing
In the GNSS analysis, kinematic positions are the parameters with the lowest redundancy.
From, let us say, six to ten single-difference observations at a given epoch, three coordinate
parameters are estimated in addition to the parameters valid for several epochs (e.g.,
ambiguity or troposphere parameters).
Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 Page 225