Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

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5. Preparation of Earth Orientation, GNSS Orbit, and Satellite Clock Information The output of the program ORBGEN is a standard orbit file (default extension STD) containing the satellite orbit information and a so-called radiation pressure file (default extension RPR) containing the derivatives of the satellite positions with respect to the initial conditions and the dynamical parameters. The second file is only needed if orbits are to be improved with program GPSEST (or ADDNEQ2). For details see Chapter 15. The standard orbit may be composed of one or more arcs, each of which characterized by a start and an end time. Each standard arc is a solution of the equations of motion, Eqn. (2.8), characterized by six initial conditions and a user-specified number of dynamical parameters. A maximum of nine deterministic parameters per satellite are possible. Standard orbits generated from an orbital element file may be characterized additionally by stochastic pulses. The multi-arc option of the program is not recommended (panel “ORBGEN 5”) and not necessary because a multi-day solution may be produced using ADDNEQ2. In case a multiday solution with GPSEST is indispensable several arcs may be generated each covering one day. It is recommended to always generate standard orbits covering one day (or a multiple thereof) even if the data to be processed covers a shorter time interval. The only exception is the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) where shortening the length of the orbital arcs improves the capability to recover the orbits from software packages using slightly different orbit models than ORBGEN. All standard orbits and all partial derivatives (variational equations) are computed by numerical integration of the equations of motion in program ORBGEN (see Section 2.2). No other program in Version 5.0 performs numerical integration. If tabular or precise files are selected as input the program uses the satellite positions as pseudo-observations in an orbit determination process (one such process per arc and satellite). The orbit always refers to the center of mass of the satellite. The satellite antenna phase center correction is applied in every program that reads the orbit file. No antenna offset has, therefore, to be applied when generating the standard orbit (see panel “ORBGEN 3.1: Options”, option “Apply antenna offset”). The corresponding option is available only for test purposes. The program supports several force models.The models may be selected in panel “ORB- GEN 3.1: Options”, see Figure 5.4. Details on the models may be found in Table 5.2. For retaining backward compatibility old orbit models are still available. New models are included for testing purposes. It is recommended, however, to use either model “B” or model “D” for the GNSS orbit generation which are compliant with the IERS conventions. Apart from the radiation pressure parameterization (see Section 2.2.2), the new models use the modern gravity models (JGM3, EGM96, EIGEN2, TEG4), the DE200 development ephemerides from JPL [Standish, 1990], account for the gravitational attraction of Sun, Moon and the major planets (Jupiter, Venus, and Mars), and consider general relativistic corrections. They apply elastic Earth tidal corrections according to IERS 1996 conventions [McCarthy, 1996] applying all step 1 corrections and the step 2 corrections for the seven largest frequency dependent corrections of C21 and S21, pole tide, and permanent tide corrections (subroutine TIDPT2), and ocean tide corrections up to the four terms larger than 0.05 cm (subroutine OTIDES). Program ORBGEN checks the consistency of options and input files in order to guarantee the use of a well defined orbit model. Table 5.3 summarizes the settings for the old orbit model (“0”, used up to 1996), and the new models (“B” and “D”). The orbit model is selected in panel “ORBGEN 3.1: Options”, the planetary ephemeris file, geopotential model, and ocean tides file are selected in panel “ORBGEN 1.1: General Files”. Page 92 AIUB
5.4 Preparation of Precise Orbit Information Figure 5.4: Orbit model options in program ORBGEN. Table 5.2: Predefined orbit models available in the Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 . Orbit model flag O A B C D E F G ? Orbit model number 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 99 Gravity model GEMT3. x x JGM3. x x x x EGM96. x x TEG4. x x EIGEN1S. x x x EIGEN2. x x x Love number k2 0.285 x 0.300 x x x x x x x x Tidal potential First order x IERS96, step 1 x IERS96, step 1+2 x x x x x x x Solid Earth pole tides x x x x x x x Ocean tides x x x x x x x Planetary perturbations x x x x x x x x General relativity x x x x x x x x Empirical accelerations CODE radiation pressure model x x x x x x Colombo, 1-per-revolution x x Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 Page 93
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Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 Ed
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Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 As
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Contents 2.3.6.1 Ionosphere-Free Li
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Contents 6.3.3 Kinematic Stations .
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Contents 9.4.4 Pre-Elimination Opti
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Contents 13.2 How to Correct P1-P2
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Contents 18.3.2 Command Bar . . . .
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Contents 20.4 Description of the Pr
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Contents 22.8.2 Station Abbreviatio
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Contents Page XVI AIUB
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List of Figures 5.1 Flow diagram of
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List of Figures 13.3 P1-C1 code bia
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List of Figures 22.20 Tabular orbit
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List of Tables 12.2 Influences of t
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1. Introduction and Overview • bu
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1. Introduction and Overview Table
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1. Introduction and Overview • Th
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1. Introduction and Overview The Be
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1. Introduction and Overview for Ca
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2. Fundamentals 2.1.1 GPS System De
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2. Fundamentals Table 2.2: Componen
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2. Fundamentals Clock correction [n
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2. Fundamentals Figure 2.5: GLONASS
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2. Fundamentals Table 2.6: GLONASS
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2. Fundamentals In contrast to the
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2. Fundamentals 2.2 GNSS Satellite
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2. Fundamentals 2.2.2.1 The Kepleri
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2. Fundamentals Table 2.9: Perturbi
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2. Fundamentals R.A. of Ascending N
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2. Fundamentals where aROCK is the
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2. Fundamentals By taking the deriv
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2. Fundamentals δi error of satell
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2. Fundamentals Ionospheric refract
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2. Fundamentals 2.3.6.1 Ionosphere-
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7. Parameter Estimation The two bas
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7. Parameter Estimation contains a
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7. Parameter Estimation The binary
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7. Parameter Estimation 7.5.2 Piece
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7. Parameter Estimation The equatio
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7. Parameter Estimation 7.5.4.4 Fix
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7. Parameter Estimation where Q 11
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7. Parameter Estimation consequence
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7. Parameter Estimation are address
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7. Parameter Estimation ... ! Pre-p
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7. Parameter Estimation The RINEX m
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7. Parameter Estimation In a succes
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7. Parameter Estimation Page 166 AI
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8. Initial Phase Ambiguities and Am
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9. Combination of Solutions 9.2 Seq
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9. Combination of Solutions Substit
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9. Combination of Solutions We may
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9. Combination of Solutions files a
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9. Combination of Solutions x x 1 t
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9. Combination of Solutions Both re
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9. Combination of Solutions 9.4 The
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9. Combination of Solutions 9.4.2 G
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9. Combination of Solutions Excepti
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9. Combination of Solutions As alre
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9. Combination of Solutions Table 9
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9. Combination of Solutions The poi
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9. Combination of Solutions (2) Tra
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9. Combination of Solutions Step 1:
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10. Station Coordinates and Velocit
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Page 220 AIUB Station coordinates a
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11. Troposphere Modeling and Estima
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12. Ionosphere Modeling and Estimat
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13. Differential Code Biases Promin
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13. Differential Code Biases Figure
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13. Differential Code Biases Figure
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13. Differential Code Biases ======
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13. Differential Code Biases Page 2
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14. Clock Estimation τ (BRUS-PTBB)
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14. Clock Estimation Here the limit
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14. Clock Estimation to zero. All c
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14. Clock Estimation #OBS : Number
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14. Clock Estimation 14.3 Clock RIN
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14. Clock Estimation cessed if CCRN
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14. Clock Estimation RINEX files th
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14. Clock Estimation the clock valu
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14. Clock Estimation SINGLE POINT P
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14. Clock Estimation Page 308 AIUB
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15. Estimation of Satellite Orbits
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16. Antenna Phase Center Offsets an
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17. Data Simulation Tool GPSSIM 17.
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17. Data Simulation Tool GPSSIM The
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17. Data Simulation Tool GPSSIM The
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17. Data Simulation Tool GPSSIM Res
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18. The Menu System 18.2 Starting t
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18. The Menu System 18.3.1 Menu Bar
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18. The Menu System 18.3.5 Panel Co
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18. The Menu System the menu the ne
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18. The Menu System Table 18.1: Pre
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18. The Menu System 18.5.3 System E
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18. The Menu System 18.7 Change Opt
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18. The Menu System 18.9 Technical
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18. The Menu System ... ! Environme
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18. The Menu System The keyword ENV
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18. The Menu System ! List of Remai
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18. The Menu System The MENUAUX-mec
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18. The Menu System Keyword values
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19. Bernese Processing Engine (BPE)
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20. Processing Examples inspect the
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20. Processing Examples 20.3.1 How
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20. Processing Examples • (option
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20. Processing Examples PID 111 PRE
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20. Processing Examples 20.4.1.4 Co
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20. Processing Examples 20.4.1.5 Ta
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20. Processing Examples 20.4.1.7 Cr
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20. Processing Examples 20.4.2.1 Co
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20. Processing Examples appears in
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20. Processing Examples PID 313 MPR
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20. Processing Examples Further rea
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20. Processing Examples # # Create
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20. Processing Examples PID 101 GPS
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20. Processing Examples The RINEX n
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20. Processing Examples # # Preproc
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20. Processing Examples the loop, d
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20. Processing Examples PID 903 CLK
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20. Processing Examples and IGS 00B
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20. Processing Examples • Save th
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20. Processing Examples PID 321 GPS
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20. Processing Examples PID 301 CLK
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21. Program Structure $C / %C% PGM
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21. Program Structure (program GPSE
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21. Program Structure continued fro
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21. Program Structure continued fro
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21. Program Structure ! -----------
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22. Data Structure "Program" Area $
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22. Data Structure Table 22.1: List
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22. Data Structure 22.4.2 Geodetic
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22. Data Structure 22.4.4 Antenna P
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Page 484 AIUB ANTENNA PHASE CENTER
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22. Data Structure 22.4.5 Satellite
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22. Data Structure 22.4.6 Satellite
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22. Data Structure DIFFERENCE OF GP
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22. Data Structure 22.4.9 Subdaily
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22. Data Structure EGM96 EGM96, VER
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22. Data Structure SINEX : OPTION I
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22. Data Structure 22.4.16 Panel Up
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22. Data Structure 22.6.2 Header an
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22. Data Structure 15 Antenna type(
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22. Data Structure SVN-NUMBER= 2 ME
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22. Data Structure -1 2 1 5 TITLE :
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22. Data Structure Used by: ORBGEN
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22. Data Structure 53064.00 53065.0
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22. Data Structure CODE’S MONTHLY
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22. Data Structure Table 22.4: Stat
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22. Data Structure (3) TYPE 003: HA
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22. Data Structure 22.8.4 Station P
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22. Data Structure Remarks: • Eac
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22. Data Structure The following st
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22. Data Structure Table 22.7: List
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22. Data Structure AJAC $$ FES2004
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22. Data Structure Station sigma fi
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22. Data Structure GOPE 11502M002 Z
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22. Data Structure 22.8.18 Receiver
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22. Data Structure CODE RAPID 3-DAY
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22. Data Structure 22.9.3 Meteo and
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22. Data Structure IONOSPHERE MODEL
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22. Data Structure 22.10 Miscellane
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22. Data Structure 22.10.4 Variance
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22. Data Structure 22.10.5 Normal E
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22. Data Structure 22.10.7 Observat
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22. Data Structure Created by: Each
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22. Data Structure ----------------
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22. Data Structure 22.10.17 BPE log
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23. Installation Guide 23.1.2 Conte
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23. Installation Guide 23.1.3.2 Ins
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23. Installation Guide BERN50 : $C
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23. Installation Guide If you have
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23. Installation Guide To make the
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23. Installation Guide List of Inst
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23. Installation Guide 23.2.4 Confi
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23. Installation Guide Configure me
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23. Installation Guide ${P}/EXAMPLE
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23. Installation Guide To recompile
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23. Installation Guide Page 574 AIU
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24. The Step from Version 4.2 to Ve
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Bock, H. (2004), Effic
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Janes, H. W., R. B. La
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Schaer, S. (1998), COD
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BIBLIOGRAPHY Page 588 AIUB
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INDEX OF PROGRAMS NEQ2ASC, 207, 541
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Index of Program Panels CODSPP 2: I
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Index of Program Panels MKCLUS 3: R
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS Antenna verificat
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS Cluster definitio
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS variance-covarian
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS orbit products, 1
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS Multi-session sol
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS Orbital elements
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS Receiver antenna
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS orbit modeling, 9
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INDEX OF KEYWORDS WGS-84, 19, 88, 2
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Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

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