Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 - Bernese GNSS Software

4. Import and Export of External File Formats
• Carrier phase observations (integrated negative beat frequency between the received
carrier of the satellite signal and the receiver-generated reference frequency). The sign
is the same as for the pseudorange, i.e., decreasing phase if the satellite approaches
the receiver.
• Pseudorange observations, i.e., the difference between the time of reception of a satellite
code signal, expressed in receiver time, and the time of emission of the same signal,
expressed in satellite time.
The three quantities are based on the same oscillator, such that any offsets and drifts of the
oscillator show up directly in the basic observables. Other observables have been defined for
the direct Doppler frequency observations.
A RINEX observation file contains data collected by one receiver only. Usually, a file also
contains data from one station and one session only, although possibilities exist to store,
e.g., data collected by a roving receiver during kinematic or pseudokinematic surveys.
The file consists of a header section, containing all auxiliary information on the station and
receiver necessary for post-processing of the data, and a data section containing the basic
observables.
The recommended file naming is as follows:
ccccdddf.yyO
where cccc is a four-character station code, ddd and yy are the day of the year and the twodigit
year of the first observation epoch in the file, f is a file sequence number (to separate
files collected during the same day, e.g.,A-X for hourly RINEX observation files), and the letter
O is the label for observation files. RINEX observation files usually are available at data
centers in compressed form. Software for decompressing compressed and Hatanaka compressed
files for different platforms may be found at ftp://ftp.igs.org/igscb/software.
Figure 4.1 shows an excerpt of a RINEX observation file containing GPS and GLONASS
observations.
4.2.3 Import to Bernese
Unlike earlier versions of the Bernese GPS Software the Version 5.0 does not contain converters
from the different raw receiver formats to RINEX. RINEX is the standard for GNSS
observation data exchange accepted by all manufacturers of geodetic receivers and software
package, therefore, the Bernese GPS Software Version 5.0 consequently uses the RINEX
format as interface to the observation data. To convert observation files from raw receiver
format to RINEX use converters provided with the receivers or available as freeware on the
internet.
After Hatanaka decompression the RINEX observation files are imported into the Bernese
GPS Software using the program RXOBV3 (”Menu>RINEX>Import RINEX to Bernese format>Observation
files”). This program does not only convert the RINEX observation files into Bernese observation
files but performs numerous checks on the RINEX header information, as well. This
allows to draw the user’s attention to RINEX problems and, e.g., to skip files with dubious
header content in a robust automatic processing procedure.
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