Forest Certification in Developing and Transitioning ... - UTas ePrints

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312 forest certification in developing and transitioning countries Table 3 Indigenous forest management plans approved by the Forest Service (by December 2003) TCO Name Department Area (ha) 1 Territorio Indigena Multietnico – TIM Beni 15,467 2 Territorio Indígena Siriono TCO-TIS Beni 12,017 3 Gran Concejo Tsimane Chimane I Beni 10,401 TCO – TICH 4 Gran Concejo Tsimane Chimane II Beni 50,277 TCO – TICH 5 Comunidad Indigena Villa Esperanza Beni 1,327 TCO – TIMI 6 Comunidad Indigena San Juan de Dios Beni 532 de Litoral TCO – TIMI 7 Comunidad Indigena El Chontal TCO – TIMI Beni 1,661 8 Yuqui TCO – Yuqui Cochabamba 55,986 9 Yuracare TCO – Yuracare Cochabamba 60,809 10 Asociacion Agroforestal Tumupasa AGROFOREST La Paz 7,707 TCO – Tacana 11 Comunidad Indigena San Pedro TCO – Tacana La Paz 20,638 12 Asociación de Pequeños Industriales Agroforestales La Paz 2,773 de Tumupasa APIAT TCO – Tacana 13 Central Indigena Del Bajo Paragua CIBAPA TCO – Santa Cruz 90,758 Bajo Paragua 14 Central Indigena de Comunidades Originarias Santa Cruz 60,800 de Lomerio – CICOL TCO – Lomerio y Zapoco 15 El Carmen Sapocó Santa Monica TCO – Monte Verde Santa Cruz 7,434 16 Comunidad Indigena Cosorio Palestina — Santa Cruz 4,000 TCO Monte Verde 17 Comunidad Indigena Zapoco TCO – Ayoreo Santa Cruz 19,982 18 Comunidad Indígena Yotau TCO – Guarayos Santa Cruz 28,586 19 Zona Agraria Santa Maria, TCO – Guarayos Santa Cruz 2,433 20 Asociacion Indigena Maderera Cururu – Santa Cruz 26,421 AIMCU TCO – Guarayos 21 Asociacion Indigena Forestal Urubicha Salvatierra Santa Cruz 41,123 AIFUS TCO – Guarayos 22 Asociación Forestal Indigena Salvatierra AFIS TCO – Santa Cruz 38,701 Guarayos 23 Comunidad Puerto San Salvador TCO – Yuracare Cochabamba 440 Source: Superintendencia Forestal, 2004, data not published 560,273 yale school of forestry & environmental studies
forest certification in bolivia 313 Markets The Bolivian forest sector contributes only 3 percent of the Gross Internal Product but 11 percent of foreign exports (STCP 2000). About 50 percent of the industry’s productivity is export-related, which is why certification has been welcomed by the timber industry. In 2002 the Forest Service authorized an allowable cut of 581,782 m3 (see Figure 1 for authorization by stakeholder), but Castello and Roca (2002) indicate that in reality 1.1 million m3 of timber is cut each year. The difference may be explained by illegal harvesting, which is severely affecting legal timber business through its unfair competition. Figure 1 Volume authorized by the Forest Service in 2002, by stakeholder 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 50,000 0 Indigenous lands ASL Other permissions Clearing Concessions Private lands Type of right Source: Superintendencia Forestal 2003 According to CFB (2003), in 2002 the value of exports was US$88.2 million. The main products exported included Brazil nuts (US$ 28 million), boards (US$ 20.3 million), doors (US$ 13 million), chairs (US$ 4.4 million), furniture (US$ 3 million), and others. A total of 45 species were exported. The main species were: Cedrela spp. (US$ 11.3 million), Swietenia macrophylla (US$ 8.3 million), Amburana cearensis (US$ 8.14 million), Cedrelinga catenaeformis (US$ 6 million). Other important species were Cariniana spp, Machaerium spp, Hura crepitans and Ficus spp. The main markets were USA (US$ 42.6 million), UK (US$ 15.6 million), México (US$ 6.6 million), Chile (US$ 3.43 million) and the Netherlands (US$ 2.3 million). Other significant markets included Germany, Italy, France, Perú and Argentina. The dependence on foreign exports and the presence of environmentally sensitive markets have together contributed to the certification boom in Bolivia. According to the manager of La Chonta concession, a certified operation, forest certification is an opportunity for the Bolivian timber industry but it is not truly voluntary because it has been imposed by the current international green-labeling trend (Antelo 2000). yale school of forestry & environmental studies
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Yale F&ES Publication Series Report
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Table of Contents foreword 1 James
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foreword 1 Foreword James Gustave S
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acknowledgements 3 Acknowledgements
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acknowledgements 5 We are also grat
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introduction 7 Introduction: Forest
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introduction 9 Figure 1 Number of h
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introduction 11 Following this sect
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introduction 13 Members play an imp
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introduction 15 Pan-European Forest
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introduction 17 Table 1 Different c
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introduction 19 These also happen t
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introduction 21 While it proved rel
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introduction 23 Luthiers Mercantile
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egional overview: asia-pacific 27 i
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egional overview: asia-pacific 29 W
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Forest certification itself comes w
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forest certification in indonesia 3
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36 forest certification in developi
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forest certification in papua new g
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102 forest certification in develop
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forest certification in solomon isl
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egional overview: eastern europe an
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forest certification in estonia 173
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forest certification in latvia 203
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214 Discussion of forest certificat
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forest certification in poland 235
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egional overview: sub-saharan afric
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forest certification in gabon 443 F
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conclusion 561 Conclusion Benjamin
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conclusion 563 considerable and gro
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conclusion 565 to participate in a
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conclusion 567 despite their strong
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conclusion 569 Country Dominant for
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conclusion 571 While forest certifi
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conclusion 577 Sub-Saharan Africa T
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conclusion 579 culminating in LEI
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conclusion 581 spending more time o
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conclusion 583 supervision and moni
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conclusion 585 previously weak oper
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conclusion 587 notes that certifica
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conclusion 589 operations, which of
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conclusion 591 This volume has reve
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author biographies 593 Author Biogr
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author biographies 595 Gerard Boutt
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author biographies 597 Fred Gale le
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author biographies 599 both from Co
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author biographies 601 Markets: For
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author biographies 603 Lifetime Ach
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