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Table 2-3: Transportation Accidents by Mode1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Air 4,883 5,279 4,767 4,232 3,818 2,935 2,388 2,334 2,227 2,172 2,139 2,178 2,046 1,987 2,037 2,043 1,985 1,852 1,823 1,870 1,717 1,781 1,611 1,745 1,659 (R) 1,556 1,501U.S. air carrier a 90 83 55 37 19 21 24 26 18 23 23 36 37 49 50 51 56 46 41 54 30 40 33 28 28 30 28Commuter carrier b N N N 48 38 18 15 23 23 16 10 12 11 16 8 13 12 7 7 2 4 6 3 3 7 2 6On-demand air taxi c N N N 152 171 157 107 88 76 69 85 75 90 82 77 74 80 72 60 73 66 65 52 62 58 47 31General aviation d 4,793 5,196 4,712 3,995 3,590 2,739 2,242 2,197 2,110 2,064 2,021 2,055 1,908 1,840 1,902 1,905 1,837 1,727 1,715 1,741 1,617 1,670 1,523 1,652 1,566 (R) 1,479 1,436Highway, total crashes e N N N N N N 6,471,000 6,117,000 6,000,000 6,106,000 6,496,000 6,699,000 6,770,000 6,624,000 6,335,000 6,279,000 6,394,000 6,323,000 6,316,000 6,328,000 6,181,000 6,159,000 5,973,000 6,024,000 5,811,000 5,505,000 5,419,000Passenger car N N N N N N 5,560,592 5,178,450 5,042,203 5,040,116 5,401,164 5,593,685 5,598,699 5,423,286 5,146,124 4,915,734 4,926,243 4,831,842 4,802,056 4,746,620 4,557,453 4,498,869 4,341,688 U U U UMotorcycle N N N N N N 103,114 105,030 72,177 74,565 68,752 66,354 66,224 61,451 54,477 57,322 68,783 73,342 76,004 79,131 85,557 100,686 101,474 U U U UTruck f , light N N N N N N 2,152,486 2,200,134 2,191,171 2,407,212 2,573,701 2,749,596 2,880,782 2,900,896 2,866,729 3,079,617 3,207,738 3,254,105 3,272,326 3,345,367 3,370,062 3,381,985 3,355,291 U U U UTruck f , large N N N N N N 371,801 318,637 362,807 383,220 444,697 362,883 378,335 421,377 391,807 452,444 437,861 409,372 416,477 436,161 399,156 423,016 367,920 U U U UBus N N N N N N 60,412 56,285 49,705 51,353 55,818 58,847 57,185 53,376 53,385 62,591 55,594 54,264 57,958 57,674 52,148 50,427 51,554 U U U URailroad, total g N N 11,654 20,117 18,817 10,194 8,594 8,046 7,269 7,503 7,483 7,092 6,700 6,262 6,083 6,257 6,485 6,260 5,815 5,996 6,470 (R) 6,332 (R) 5,942 (R) 5,471 (R) 4,908 (R) 3,836 3,911Highway-rail grade crossing h 3,195 3,820 3,559 12,076 10,612 6,919 5,715 5,388 4,910 4,892 4,979 4,633 4,257 3,865 3,508 3,489 3,502 3,237 3,077 2,977 3,085 3,066 2,942 (R) 2,778 (R) 2,430 (R) 1,930 2,017Railroad i N N 8,095 8,041 8,205 3,275 2,879 2,658 2,359 2,611 2,504 2,459 2,443 2,397 2,575 2,768 2,983 3,023 2,738 3,019 3,385 (R) 3,266 (R) 3,000 (R) 2,693 (R) 2,478 (R) 1,906 1,894Transit, total j N N N N N N 58,002 46,467 36,380 30,559 29,972 25,683 25,166 24,924 23,937 23,310 24,261 23,891 13,968 7,793 7,842 8,151 8,851 9,398 (R) 5,154 (R) 3,513 3,492Highway-rail grade crossing k N N N N N N N N N N N 127 134 119 106 140 148 101 190 125 178 148 141 174 232 (R) 190 201Transit l N N N N N N N N N N N 25,556 25,032 24,805 23,831 23,170 24,113 23,790 13,778 7,668 7,664 8,003 8,710 9,224 4,922 (R) 3,323 3,291Waterborne, total N N 6,385 9,618 10,137 9,676 10,024 8,795 11,631 12,461 13,649 13,368 13,286 13,551 13,828 13,457 13,143 11,377 11,713 10,601 9,866 9,946 9,565 9,885 9,545 9,188 8,899Vessel-related m N N 2,582 3,310 4,624 3,439 3,613 2,222 5,583 6,126 6,743 5,349 5,260 5,504 5,767 5,526 5,403 4,958 6,008 5,163 4,962 4,977 4,598 4,694 4,756 4,458 4,295Recreational boating 2,738 3,752 3,803 6,308 5,513 6,237 6,411 6,573 6,048 6,335 6,906 8,019 8,026 8,047 8,061 7,931 7,740 6,419 5,705 5,438 4,904 4,969 4,967 5,191 4,789 4,730 4,604Pipeline, total N N 1,428 1,592 1,770 517 379 449 389 445 467 349 381 346 389 339 380 341 (R) 644 (R) 673 (R) 674 (R) 721 (R) 641 (R) 615 (R) 664 (R) 626 587Hazardous liquid pipeline N N 351 254 246 183 180 216 212 229 245 188 194 171 153 167 146 130 (R) 460 (R) 435 (R) 377 (R) 369 (R) 354 (R) 330 (R) 375 (R) 339 347Gas pipeline N N 1,077 1,338 1,524 334 199 233 177 216 222 161 187 175 236 172 234 211 184 238 (R) 297 352 287 285 (R) 289 (R) 287 240KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are unavailable.aCarriers operating under 14 CFR 121, all scheduled and nonscheduled service. Since Mar. 20, 1997, 14 CFR 121 includes only aircraft with 10 or more seats formerly operated under 14CFR 135. This change makes it difficult to compare pre-1997 data for 14 CFR 121 and 14 CFR 135 with more recent data.bAll scheduled service operating under 14 CFR 135. Since Mar. 20, 1997, 14 CFR 121 includes only aircraft with 10 or more seats formerly operated under 14 CFR 135. This change makesit difficult to compare pre-1997 data for 14 CFR 121 and 14 CFR 135 with more recent data.c Nonscheduled service operating under 14 CFR 135.d All operations other than those operating under 14 CFR 121 and 14 CFR 135.eThe U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration uses the term "crash" instead of accident in its highway safety data. Highway crashes often involvemore than one motor vehicle, and hence "total highway crashes" is smaller than the sum of the components. Estimates of highway crashes are rounded to the nearest thousand in the sourcedocument.f Large trucks are defined as trucks over 10,000 pounds gross vehicle weight rating, including single-unit trucks and truck tractors. Light trucks are defined as trucks of 10,000 pounds grossvehicle weight rating or less, including pickups, vans, truck-based station wagons, and utility vehicles.g Includes Amtrak. Accidents and incidents resulting from freight and passenger rail operations including commuter rail. Railroad accident data for 1970 and before are not comparable withpost-1970 data due to a change in the reporting system.hAccidents and incidents occurring at highway-rail crossings resulting from freight and passenger rail operations including commuter rail. Data are not comparable after 1970 due to a changein reporting system. Most highway-rail grade crossing accidents are also counted under highway.i Train accidents only.j Accident figures include collisions with vehicles, objects, and people, derailments / vehicles going off the road. Accident figures do not include fires and personal casualties. The drop in thenumber of accidents in 2002 is due largely to a change in definitions by the Federal Transit Administration, particularly the definition of injuries. Beginning in 2002, only injuries requiringimmediate medical treatment away from the scene qualified as reportable. In 2008, the property damage threshold was changed to $25,000. Previously, any accident with property damageequal to or greater than $7,500 was reported.kAccidents occurring at highway-rail grade crossings resulting from operations of public transit rail modes including commuter rail. Data for light rail crossings are: 1995 (98); 1996 (97); 1997(66); 1998 (66); 1999 (103); 2000 (106); 2001 (54); 2002 (112); 2003 (68); 2004 (106); 2005 (81); 2006 (95); 2007 (93); 2008 (107); 2009 (119); and 2010 (116).lAccidents occurring at highway-rail grade crossings resulting from operations of public transit rail modes excluding commuter rail.m1992-97 data are obtained from the Marine Safety Management Information System. Between 1998 and 2000, the U.S. Coast Guard phased in a new computer system to track safety data,the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement System. During this period, data are obtained from combining entries in the Marine Safety Management Information System withentries in the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement System. Data after 2002 comes from the Marine Information for Safety and Law Enforcement System. Statistics for prioryears may not be directly comparable due to the revised method of capture.NOTESThe motor vehicle crash data are from the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administrations' General Estimates System (GES), which began operation in1988. GES data are obtained from a nationally representative probability sample selected from all police-reported crashes. The GES sample includes only crashes where a police accidentreport was completed and the crash resulted in property damage, injury, or death. The resulting figures do not take into account crashes that were not reported to the police or did not resultin property damage.The Federal Railroad Administration defines a grade crossing as a location where a public highway, road, street, or private roadway, including associated sidewalks and pathways, crossesone or more railroad tracks at grade. The Federal Transit Administration defines two types of grade crossings: (1) At grade, mixed, and cross traffic crossings, meaning railway right-of-wayover which other traffic moving in the same direction or other cross directions may pass. This includes city street right-of-way; (2) at grade with cross traffic crossings, meaning railway rightof-wayover which no other traffic may pass, except to cross at grade-level crossings. This can include median strip rights-of-way with grade level crossings at intersecting streets.